exam 1a ch 1 Flashcards
(56 cards)
1
Q
prone
A
lying on stomach
2
Q
supine
A
laying on back
3
Q
ventral
A
toward front of body
4
Q
dorsal
A
toward back of body
5
Q
anterior
A
toward the front
6
Q
posterior
A
to the back
7
Q
superficial
A
toward the surface of the body
8
Q
deep
A
away from the surface of the body
9
Q
superior
A
above
10
Q
inferior
A
below
11
Q
cranial
A
toward head
12
Q
caudal
A
toward tail
13
Q
external
A
toward outer surface
14
Q
internal
A
toward inner surface
15
Q
medial
A
toward axis or midline
16
Q
lateral
A
away from the axis or midline
17
Q
distal
A
away from the body or away from the root of a limb
18
Q
proximal
A
toward body or toward root of a limb
19
Q
central
A
pertaining to or situated at the center
20
Q
peripheral
A
toward outer surface or outer parts
21
Q
appendicular skeleton
A
limbs
22
Q
axial skeleton
A
torso and head
23
Q
planes
A
sagittal
frontal
coronal
transverse
24
Q
sagittal plane
A
vertical plane dividing right and left halves
25
frontal plane
vertical plane dividing front and back halves
26
coronal plane
synonymous woth frontal
27
transverse plane
horizontal plane dividing upper and lower
28
all living matter must have the following characteristics
-made of cells
-irritability (reaction to changes)
-growth
-spontaneous movement (independent)
-metabolism
-reproduce
29
types of tissue
1.epithelial
2.connective
(loose, dense, special)
3. muscle
4. nervous system
30
epithelial tissue
sheets of tissue covering external surface of the body
function: protect body
31
connective tissue
provides structural support
32
3 types of connective tissue
loose
deep
special
33
types of loose tissue
areolar- foundation of skin
adipose- found under skin, composed of fat cells
34
types of deep connective tissue
tendons
ligaments
fascia
35
tendons
tough, non elastic cords
connect muscle to bone, cartilage, or other muscles
36
ligaments
elastic cords
attach bone to cartilage, bone to bone, and cartilage to cartilage
never attached to muscles
37
fascia
sheets of membrane tissue and covers organs and organ systems
38
types of special connective tissue
cartilage
bone
39
3 types of cartilage
hyaline: translucent; on articulatory surfaces
elastic: yellow; resumes shape
fibrous: white; withstands pressure
40
bone
compact: dense and provides strength
spongy: porous and contains marrow
humans have 206 bones
41
function of muscle
function: move body parts
42
3 types of muscles
striated
smooth
cardiac
43
striated muscle
under voluntary control
consists of evenly lined spaces or bands
329 in body (in pairs other than between eyebrows and diaphragm)
44
smooth muscle
under involuntary control
found in stomach, intestines, blood vessels
contraction is slow and sustained
45
cardiac muscle
striated but involuntary
found only in heart
46
function of nervous tissue
function: to communicate between body parts, between organisms and environment, and integrate info from body parts and environment
47
grey matter
made of cell bodies (basal ganglia)
irritable
response is electrochemical (fires action potential)
responsible for thinking and decision making
48
white matter
covered by mlyelin sheath
pathway for communication between body parts
49
function of vascular system
function: exchange gasses, deliver nutrients, and protect against foreign bodies
50
parts of vascular system
blood plasma
red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
51
blood plasma
fluid portion of blood and controls temperature
52
red blood cells
(erythrocytes)
contain hemoglobin (takes oxygen to cells, removes carbon dioxide, important for respiration
53
white blood cells
(luekocytes)
defend the body by attacking foreign bodies; make up immune system
54
platelets
cells produce enzyme that clots blood
55
organs
made up of two or more tissues that work together to perform a special function
56
systems
two or more organs which work together to perform a special function
