exam 5 study guide Flashcards
why is the mandible important?
mastication
speech production (only bone in skull that moves)
vermilion-area of the lips
red area
red due to transparent epithelium and blood
cupids bow - area of lips
bow shaped upper boundary of lip
philtrum- area of lip
vertical groove in middle of upper lip
columeila- area of lip
vertical ridges beside philtrum
orbicularis oris muscle
principle muscle that purses lips
mentalis muscle
muscle of chin drawing down corner of lips
originates around mental tuberosity and inserts at corner of mouth
parts of teeth
crown- covered by enamel (1/3)
neck- where crown and root meet
root- covered by cementum (2/3)
deciduous/primary dental arches
20 teeth (5 teeth per half arch)
2 incisors
1 cuspid (canine)
2 molars
permanent dental arch
32 teeth (8 teeth per half arch)
2 incisors
1 cuspid
2 bicuspids
3 molars
Angie’s classifications
classify occlusions or relation of upper and lower jaw by position of teeth
Class I occlusion
normal occlusion
Class II occlusion
distoclusion
overbite
Class III occlusion
mesioclusion/prognathic jaw
underbite
closed bite
back teeth meet and anterior do not
lateral bite
when there is an open bite on one side of the mouth/dental arch
muscles of mandible
depressors:
-geniodhyoid
-diagastricus- posterior
-mylohyoid
-genioglossus
elevators:
-internal pterygoid
-masseter
-temporalis
retract:
-temporalis
-geniohyoid
-diagastricus- anterior
protrude:
-external and internal pterygoid
lateral movement:
-external and internal pterygoid
-temporalis
digastricus muscle
(mandible)
anterior belly:
origin-inner surface of lower border of mandibular symphysis
insertion- intermediate tendon
posterior belly:
origin-mastoid process of temporal bone
insertion-intermediate tendon
action:elevate hyoid bone or depress mandible
mylohyoid muscle- mandible
floor of mouth
origin- mylohyoid line on inner surface of mandible
insertion-median raphe (posterior fibers-body of hyoid bone)
geniohyoid muscle- mandible
rope muscle superior to medial border of mylohyoid
origin-inner mandibular symphysis
insertion- body of hyoid bone
lateral (external) pterygoid
origins- lateral portion of the greater wing of sphenoid bone & lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
insertion- pterygoid fossa
action-moves mandible forward
masseter muscle- mandible
flat, thick, palpable on rami
external fibers:
origin-zygomatic arch via an aponeurosis
insertion-lateral surface of ramus of mandible
internal fibers:
origin-posterior surface of lower border and medial surface of zygomatic arch
insertion- upper half of ramus and lateral surface of coronoid process of mandible
action: elevates and closes jaw
temporalis muscle- mandible
thin and fan shaped
origin-temporal fossa
insertion-anterior border of ramus and coronoid process
medial (internal) pterygoid muscle- mandible
quadrilateral shaped
origin- pterygoid fossa (between base of lateral and medial pterygoid plates)
insertion-medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible