exam 5 study guide Flashcards

1
Q

why is the mandible important?

A

mastication
speech production (only bone in skull that moves)

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2
Q

vermilion-area of the lips

A

red area

red due to transparent epithelium and blood

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3
Q

cupids bow - area of lips

A

bow shaped upper boundary of lip

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4
Q

philtrum- area of lip

A

vertical groove in middle of upper lip

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5
Q

columeila- area of lip

A

vertical ridges beside philtrum

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6
Q

orbicularis oris muscle

A

principle muscle that purses lips

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7
Q

mentalis muscle

A

muscle of chin drawing down corner of lips

originates around mental tuberosity and inserts at corner of mouth

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8
Q

parts of teeth

A

crown- covered by enamel (1/3)
neck- where crown and root meet
root- covered by cementum (2/3)

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9
Q

deciduous/primary dental arches

A

20 teeth (5 teeth per half arch)

2 incisors
1 cuspid (canine)
2 molars

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10
Q

permanent dental arch

A

32 teeth (8 teeth per half arch)

2 incisors
1 cuspid
2 bicuspids
3 molars

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11
Q

Angie’s classifications

A

classify occlusions or relation of upper and lower jaw by position of teeth

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12
Q

Class I occlusion

A

normal occlusion

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13
Q

Class II occlusion

A

distoclusion

overbite

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14
Q

Class III occlusion

A

mesioclusion/prognathic jaw

underbite

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15
Q

closed bite

A

back teeth meet and anterior do not

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16
Q

lateral bite

A

when there is an open bite on one side of the mouth/dental arch

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17
Q

muscles of mandible

A

depressors:
-geniodhyoid
-diagastricus- posterior
-mylohyoid
-genioglossus

elevators:
-internal pterygoid
-masseter
-temporalis

retract:
-temporalis
-geniohyoid
-diagastricus- anterior

protrude:
-external and internal pterygoid

lateral movement:
-external and internal pterygoid
-temporalis

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18
Q

digastricus muscle
(mandible)

A

anterior belly:
origin-inner surface of lower border of mandibular symphysis
insertion- intermediate tendon

posterior belly:
origin-mastoid process of temporal bone
insertion-intermediate tendon

action:elevate hyoid bone or depress mandible

19
Q

mylohyoid muscle- mandible

A

floor of mouth

origin- mylohyoid line on inner surface of mandible
insertion-median raphe (posterior fibers-body of hyoid bone)

20
Q

geniohyoid muscle- mandible

A

rope muscle superior to medial border of mylohyoid

origin-inner mandibular symphysis
insertion- body of hyoid bone

21
Q

lateral (external) pterygoid

A

origins- lateral portion of the greater wing of sphenoid bone & lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
insertion- pterygoid fossa

action-moves mandible forward

22
Q

masseter muscle- mandible

A

flat, thick, palpable on rami

external fibers:
origin-zygomatic arch via an aponeurosis
insertion-lateral surface of ramus of mandible

internal fibers:
origin-posterior surface of lower border and medial surface of zygomatic arch
insertion- upper half of ramus and lateral surface of coronoid process of mandible

action: elevates and closes jaw

23
Q

temporalis muscle- mandible

A

thin and fan shaped

origin-temporal fossa
insertion-anterior border of ramus and coronoid process

24
Q

medial (internal) pterygoid muscle- mandible

A

quadrilateral shaped

origin- pterygoid fossa (between base of lateral and medial pterygoid plates)
insertion-medial surface of ramus and angle of mandible

25
what is the most important muscle for speech production?
tongue
26
what is the function of the soft palate?
blocks air escape through nasal cavity
27
what is another name for the soft palate?
velum
28
what muscles close off the palate?
palatoglossus palatopharyngeal tensor palati
29
function of the superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue
shorten/curl tongue up
30
function of the inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue
shorten/curl tongue down
31
function of the transverse muscle of the tongue
make tongue narrow
32
function of the vertical muscle fibers of the tongue
flatten tongue
33
function of the genioglossus muscle of the tongue
anterior fibers: protrude tongue depress tongue
34
function of the styloglossus muscle of the tongue
elevate and retract tongue
35
function of the palatoglossus muscle of the tongue
elevates tongue
36
function of the hypoglossus muscle of the tongue
depresses tongue
37
subcavaties of the pharynx
nasopharynx oropharynx laryngopharynx
38
scientific word for chewing
mastication
39
facial bones
Maxilla Mandible Nasals Lacrimal Inferior concha Vomer Palatine bones Zygomatic
40
cranial skull
Frontal bone Occipital bone Temporal bone Ethmoid bone Sphenoid bone Parietal bone
41
feedback systems
auditory kinesthetic-muscle contraction tactile-touch on surface of articulators visual-watching self in mirror
42
4 factors that affect speech production
1. resonance 2. point of articulators 3. manner of production 4. voicing
43
phases of swallowing
oral pharyngeal esophageal
44