Exam 2 - Chapter 5

Question 1

_________ : process of retaining, retrieving and using information about stimuli, images, events, ideas and skills after the original information is no longer present

Answer 1

Memory

Question 2

Memory: process of retaining, retrieving and using information about _________ , images, events, ideas and skills after the original information is no longer _________

Answer 2

• stimuli

- present

Question 3

Memory is active anytime a past experience affects the way a person _________ or behaves currently or in the _________

Answer 3

• thinks

- future

Question 4

Memory includes any time you are activating a _________ experience, that has implications of how you will or will not _________ in future

Answer 4

• past

- behave

Question 5

Memory:
Stages-
-Acquisition: 
- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ :
-Retrieval:

Answer 5

Storage

Question 6

Memory:
Stages
_________ : gaining information and placing it in memory

Answer 6

-Acquisition

Question 7

Memory:
Stages
_________ : holding on to information in memory until needed

Answer 7

-Storage

Question 8

Memory:
Stages
_________ : ‘remembering’ or pulling that information when needed

Answer 8

-Retrieval

Question 9

Memory:
Stages-
- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ : 
-Storage:
- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ :

Answer 9

• Acquisition

- Retrieval

Question 10

_________ : older theory of cognitive psychology in which cognitive processes, such as learning, require several small steps

Answer 10

Information processing

Question 11

Information processing: older theory of cognitive psychology in which cognitive processes, such as learning, require several _________

Answer 11

small steps

Question 12

Information processing:

Each step has to be completed so that _________ can move to the next step

Answer 12

information

Question 13

Information Processing – often uses _________

Answer 13

serial processing

Question 14

_________ – often using Information Processing

Answer 14

Boxes and arrows

Question 15

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_  -
Very brief (fractions of a second) ‘after image’ left in the sensory system after the stimulation disappears

Answer 15

Sensory memory

Question 16

Sensory memory -

iconic = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
echoic = \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 16

• visual

- auditory

Question 17

Sensory memory -
Very brief (fractions of a second) ‘after image’ left in the sensory system after the stimulation \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 17

disappears

Question 18

_________ -

Brief storage of memory (several seconds) that needs repetition to stay in memory

Answer 18

Working memory

Question 19

Working memory -

Brief storage of memory (several seconds) that needs _________ to stay in memory

Answer 19

repetition

Question 20

_________ memory – trail of light from sparklers

Answer 20

Sensory

Question 21

_________ memory = Working memory

Answer 21

Short term

Question 22

_________ -

Storage of information for a long time (days>infinity)

Answer 22

Long term memory (LTM)

Question 23

Long term memory (LTM):

_________ memory: memory for experiences (e.g., prom, graduation)

Answer 23

Episodic

Question 24

Long term memory (LTM):

Episodic memory: memory for experiences (e.g., _________ , graduation)

Answer 24

prom

Question 25

Long term memory (LTM): _________ memory: memory for facts (e.g., 1st US president, who cut down a cherry tree?)

Answer 25

Semantic

Question 26

Long term memory (LTM): Semantic memory: memory for facts (e.g., 1st US _________ , who cut down a cherry tree?)

Answer 26

president

Question 27

Long term memory (LTM): _________ memory: memory for muscle coordination (e.g., riding a bike, playing musical instruments)

Answer 27

Procedural

Question 28

Long term memory (LTM): Procedural memory: memory for muscle coordination (e.g., riding a _________ , playing musical instruments)

Answer 28

-bike

Question 29

_________ memory - Tied to a specific incident in your life

Answer 29

Episodic

Question 30

_________ memory – basic knowledge, not tied to a specific incident in your life

Answer 30

Semantic

Question 31

_________ memory – how to do things

Answer 31

Procedural

Question 32

Sensory > _________ > Long Term Memory

Answer 32

Working memory

Question 33

_________ > Working memory > _________

Answer 33

- Sensory | - Long Term Memory

Question 34

Modal Model: Current Views _________ memory deemed less important

Answer 34

Sensory

Question 35

The role of working memory in memory- -Originally thought of as ‘loading/unloading’ dock for _________ This view has been modified—not a place, but a _________ of memory

Answer 35

- LTM | - status

Question 36

Long term information – _________ information | Short term memory – _________ items

Answer 36

- Infinite | - 7

Question 37

Regardless of how information is presented, the goal of working memory is to keep this information _________ for when we need it

Answer 37

-active

Question 38

Measuring Working Memory: Digit Span Digit span ≈ _________

Answer 38

7±2

Question 39

Digit span ≈ 7±2 _________ : units of information

Answer 39

Chunks

Question 40

Measuring Working Memory: Operation Span - Storing final words of the _________ - Working with full sentences - -- -back-and-forth

Answer 40

- sentences | - Switching

Question 41

Measuring Working Memory: Operation Span More strongly related to other cognitive measures and ‘_________’ (e.g., IQ) than digit span performance

Answer 41

success

Question 42

Working Memory System _________ , not a single entity

Answer 42

System

Question 43

Working Memory System -Baddeley model _________ —organizes info. In slave systems, combines info. in slave systems, selective attention to slave systems,

Answer 43

Central Executive

Question 44

Working Memory System -Baddeley model _________ - Holds information about what we see and hear

Answer 44

‘Slave’ systems

Question 45

Working Memory System -Baddeley model _________ —recent addition, chronological sequence

Answer 45

Episodic buffer

Question 46

Working Memory System- _________ – repeating a phone number

Answer 46

Phonological loop

Question 47

Working Memory System- _________ – visualizing a sketch pad with a list of words

Answer 47

Visuo-spatial sketch pad

Question 48

Working Memory System- _________ – keeps things in order

Answer 48

Episodic buffer

Question 49

Working Memory System- _________ : Phonological loop, Visuo-spatial sketch pad, Episodic buffer

Answer 49

Slave systems