Exam 2 - Memory continued

Question 1

Memory Network-

Connectionist – giant _________ :

Answer 1

web

Question 2

Connectionist – giant web:

- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ – concept or idea
- Associative links – connections between concepts

Answer 2

Nodes

Question 3

Connectionist – giant web:

- Nodes – concept or idea
- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ – connections between concepts

Answer 3

Associative links

Question 4

_________ : when a node is receiving strong input and ‘fires’

Answer 4

Activation

Question 5

_________ : point at which the node fires

Answer 5

Response threshold

Question 6

Response threshold: point at which the node fires

-Activates itself and it’s –

Answer 6

neighbors

Question 7

Spreading Activation -

Has to reach threshold to _________ node

Answer 7

activate

Question 8

One can think of memories like a web

The more embedded a memory is in the web, the more likely that it will _________ around

Answer 8

stick

Question 9

Improving memory is really better _________ your memories

Answer 9

organizing

Question 10

Retrieval Cues -

Can ‘see’ network activation process when someone is having trouble _________ information

Answer 10

recalling

Question 11

Semantic relationship between words primes people creating faster _________

Answer 11

reaction times

Question 12

Our knowledge about an event or situation influences our _________

Answer 12

‘memory’

Question 13

_________ -

Highly detailed, exceptionally vivid ‘snapshots’ of the moment and circumstances in which surprising news was heard

Answer 13

Flashbulb Memories

Question 14

Flashbulb Memories -

While vivid, memories are often _________ (Neisser & Harsch, 1992)

Answer 14

inaccurate

Question 15

Why are Flashbulb Memories so Bad?

Often, we incorporate _________ experiences into our original memories

Answer 15

later

Question 16

_________ memories are more likely to be implanted

Answer 16

Plausible

Question 17

Imagining memories are more likely to be _________

Answer 17

implanted

Question 18

_________ : influence of receiving misinformation about a to-be-remembered event

Answer 18

Misinformation effect

Question 19

Cognitive interviews
-Place individuals in the same psychological state as they were during the to-be-remembered event and give several _________ cues in hopes of activating memory network

Answer 19

retrieval

Question 20

Arousal tends to be high during _________ events
- _________ enhances memory consolidation
traumatic memories tend to be better _________

Answer 20

• traumatic
• arousal
• remembered

Question 21

_________ - even though you know there will be a change you still have a hard time finding it

Answer 21

-Change blindness

Question 22

-Hit rate and false alarm rate are not _________ on each other - they are _________ of each other

Answer 22

• dependent

- independent

Question 23

_________ - where you decide to say when something is noise vs the voice you want to hear

Answer 23

Bias

Question 24

_________ - measure of space in between peeks of Signal Detection Theory curves
-a measure of sensitivity

Answer 24

d prime

Question 25

a prime - same as d prime but on a more _________ scale

Answer 25

manageable/understandable

Question 26

(a prime of yes/no = ____%)

Answer 26

.5/50

Question 27

_________ Learning - Learning we use all the time, learning used while learning a new hobby or learning in school. Any learning where we are trying to learn or know that we are learning.

Answer 27

Explicit

Question 28

_________ Learning - (learning to drive first time)

Answer 28

Implicit

Question 29

Implicit Learning - (learning to drive first time) - Cant _________ the process easily (cant tell how to ride a bike easily) - _________ learning

Answer 29

- verbalize | - Motor

Question 30

_________ - damage to one area, affects one area

Answer 30

Single Associations

Question 31

_________ - two areas of the brain with two independent roles - independent systems

Answer 31

Double associations

Question 32

Subcortical structures - - _________ - forming new memories

Answer 32

hippocampus

Question 33

Subcortical structures - - _________ - motor control

Answer 33

basal ganglia

Question 34

Subcortical structures - - _________ - sensory relay station

Answer 34

thalamus

Question 35

Subcortical structures - - _________ - emotion regulation

Answer 35

amygdala

Question 36

EEG - Benefits: faster response time ( _________ sensitivity) Downside: Not very _________ , can only look at cortex - not deep into brain

Answer 36

- temporal | - specific

Question 37

FMRI - Benefits: looks _________ into brain (structure and function), great spatial resolution

Answer 37

deep

Question 38

_________ - Alter electrical activity in brain

Answer 38

TMS