Exam 3: Adolescence Physical Development + Puberty

Question 1

Adolescence age range

Answer 1

Stars at puberty and ends at 18-25 (early adulthood)

Question 2

The nature of adolescence

Answer 2

Genetic, biological, environmental, and social factors interact in adolescent development
-biological changes, new experiences, new development tasks
-relationships take different form
-more intimate moments with peers
-dating and sex
-more abstract and idealistic thoughts
-body image

Question 3

Negative Views of Adolescence (Stanley Hall) “Storm and Stress”

Answer 3

proposed adolescence as a turbulent time full of conflict and mood swings

Question 4

Positive views of adolescence

Answer 4

Adolescents are actually happy most of the time, enjoy life, and have positive feelings toward family. They value work and school
Perceive themselves as having self control, express confidence about their sexual selves, and feel capable of coping with life’s stresses

Question 5

Biological Changes from Childhood to adolescence

Answer 5

-growth spurt and hormonal changes
-sexual maturity and puberty
-brain maturation that allows for more advanced thinking
-altered sleep patterns

Question 6

Cognitive changes from childhood to adolescence

Answer 6

increased abstract, idealistic, and logical thinking
increased egocentric perceptions (onstage, invulnerable, unique)

Question 7

Socioemotional changes from childhood to adolescence

Answer 7

increased independence and time spent with peers; and more conflict with parents
more mood swings, sexual maturation, and romantic relationships; more intimacy and self disclosure
larger, more impersonal schools, and more pressure to achieve academically

Question 8

Adolescence to Adulthood 5 key features

Answer 8

-exploring identity, especially in love and work
-experiencing instability
-being self-focused
-feeling in-between
-experiencing possibilites and transformative opportunities

Question 9

Age of puberty onset in girls

Answer 9

9-15

Question 10

Hormone that triggers puberty in boys

Answer 10

testosterone

Question 11

First sign of puberty in males

Answer 11

enlargement of the testes

Question 12

Part of the brain responsible for triggering puberty

Answer 12

hypothalamus

Question 13

Physical change that typically occurs last in puberty for boys

Answer 13

voice deepening

Question 14

Growth spurts girls vs boys

Answer 14

girls usually start theirs earlier than boys

Question 15

Growth Spurt

Answer 15

rapid increase in an individual’s height and weight during puberty resulting from the simultaneous release of growth hormones, thyroid hormones, and androgens

Question 16

Factors involving timing of puberty

Answer 16

genetics
nutrition
stress
urban environment

Question 17

Trends in puberty and contributors to trends

Answer 17

-early age of onset
changing nutrition
better healthcare
increased stress
obesity
endocrine disrupting chemicals

Question 18

Early puberty in boys outcomes

Answer 18

-more popular; stronger taller, more athletic
-greater risk for substance abuse and early sexual activity
-less prepared for changes
-lower self control/emotional stability
-higher rates of getting in trouble with law

Question 19

Early puberty in girls outcomes

Answer 19

-increased teasing
-sexual harassment
-self consciousness
-higher risk for anxiety, depression, substance abuse, eating disorders

Question 20

Late puberty onset in boys outcomes

Answer 20

-higher risk for depression
-conflict with parents
-more likely to be bullied

Question 21

Late puberty onset in girls outcomes

Answer 21

-dissatisfaction with appearance
-less popular
-later: more satisfied and more popular