Exam 3 Vocab Flashcards by Emily Thomas

The process of taking in, as in a colored object which absorbs certain rays of light and reflects other rays giving the object its recognizable color

Absorption

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Group of chemicals used in addition to vascular and cavity embalming fluids; includes but is not limited to hardening compounds, preservative powders, sealing agents, mold preventative agents, and pack applications

Accessory Chemical

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Dyes which aid in restoring a life-like surface pigmentation to a body and also stain the body tissue cells

Active Dyes
Staining Dyes
Cosmetic Dyes

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Ingredient of embalming fluids that retards the natural postmortem tendency of blood to become more viscous or prevents adverse reactions between blood and other embalming chemicals

Anticoagulant Fluid

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A non-toxic disinfectant suitable for the use on animal tissue

Antiseptic

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The concentrated, preservative, embalming chemical that will be diluted with water to form the arterial solution for injection into the arterial system during vascular embalming; The purpose is for inactivating saprophytic bacteria and rendering the body tissues less susceptible to decomposition

Arterial (Vascular) Embalming

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A carcinogen potentially produced when formaldehyde and sodium hypochlorite come into contact with each other; normally occurs only in a controlled laboratory setting and requires a catalyst

Bischloromethyl Ether (BCME)

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A chemical which lightens a skin discoloration

Bleaching

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A chemical which affects the stabilization of the acid-base (pH) balance within embalming solutions and in the embalmed tissues

Buffers

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A compound of hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen; sugars, starches and glycogen

Carbohydrate

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Embalming chemicals which are injected into the cavities of the body following the aspiration in cavity embalming. Can also be used as the chemical in hypodermic and surface embalming

Cavity fluid

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Substances that bind metallic ions such as EDTA; used as an anticoagulant in embalming solutions

Chelate

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Dehydration caused by using too harsh of an arterial solution to embalm a dead human body

Chemical Evaporation

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Chemical and physical agents that bring about coagulation

Coagulating Agents

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The injection of a specialized chemical in conjunction with the routine arterial chemical

Coinjection

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A fluid used primarily to supplement and enhance the action of vascular solutions

Coinjection Fluid

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Embalming fluid that contains dyes and coloring agents intended to restore a more natural skin tone through the embalming process

Cosmetic Fluid

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Dye that helps to cover internal discolorations such as jaundice

Counter Staining Compound

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Chemicals having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one

Deodorants
Masking Agents
Perfuming Agents

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Substances which will, upon being dissolved, impart a definite color to the embalming solution
Classified as to their capacity to permanently impart color to the tissue of the body into which they are injected

Dyes (Coloring Agent)

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Embalming where an absorbent material is saturated with an embalming chemical and placed in direct contact with the tissue

Embalming Pack

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Embalming chemical in powder form; typically used for surface treatment of the remains

Embalming Powder

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Removal of particles (liquid or solid) from a solution, as it passes through a membrane or other partial barrier

Filtration

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Rigidity of tissue due to chemical reaction

Firming

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The act of making tissue rigid. The solidification of a compound

Fixation

An agent employed in the preparation of tissues for the purpose of maintaining the existing form of the structure. Many agents are used, the most important one being formalin

Fixative

A supplemental piece of equipment attached to the embalming machine which measures the flow of fluids in both gallons per hour and ounces per minute

Flow Meter

The movement of the arterial solution through the capillaries into the intercellular spaces, from an intravascular to an extravascular position

Fluid Diffusion

The movement of the arterial solution from the point of injection through the blood vascular

Fluid Distribution

A common dye which is used to test for blood circulation

Fluorescein

Intravascular blood discoloration that occurs when arterial solution enters an area, but due to blockage, blood and embalming solution are unable to drain from the area

Flush (Flushing)

That amount of formaldehyde necessary to overcome any nitrogen residue and cause the body proteins to become coagulated

Formaldehyde Demand

Colorless, strong smelling gas that when used in solution is a powerful preservative and disinfectant; a potential occupational carcinogen

Formaldehyde HCHO CH2O

Grey Discoloration of the body caused by the reaction of formaldehyde from the embalming process with hemoglobin to form methyl hemoglobin

Formaldehyde Grey

A mixture of formaldehyde gas dissolved in water with 40% by volume, 37% by weight, and contains 7% methyl alcohol to prevent polymerization

Formalin

A process in which a gaseous agent is used to destroy rodents or insects, which act as disease carriers

Fumigation

Chemical agents capable of destroying, and/or inhibiting the growth of saprophytic or pathogenic fungi, including molds

Fungicides

Embalming fluids with a high formaldehyde content used on extremely difficult cases in which the embalmer may encounter or on cases in which the embalmer desires a great degree of rigidity generally 30-36 + index

High Index Arterial Fluid

Special vascular arterial fluid with a high HCHO content

High Preservation Demand Fluid

Chemical that increases the ability of embalmed tissue to retain moisture

Humectant

Absorbing moisture readily

Hygroscopic

A solution having a greater concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

Hypertonic Solution

A solution having a lesser concentration of dissolved solute than the solution to which it is compared

Hypotonic Solution

The strength of embalming fluids indicated by the number of grams of pure formaldehyde gas dissolved in 100 ml of water; Usually refers to a percentage

Index

Injection of very strong arterial fluid, often waterless, under relatively high pressure into head and face through both common carotid arteries to effect preservation and disinfection while minimizing swelling

Instant Tissue Fixation (Head Freeze)

Combination of iodine and a solubilizing agent or carrier that liberates free iodine in solution; a chemical disinfectant

Iodophor

A solution having an equal concentration of dissolved solute to that of a standard of reference

Isotonic Solution

A special vascular fluid with special bleaching and coloring qualities of use on bodies with jaundice; usually a low formaldehyde content

Jaundice Fluid

Substance used to kill insect larvae

Larvicide

Type of sealing compounds used to brush over incisions, cavities, raw surfaces, and areas where any pinpoint leakage may occur

Liquid Adhesive Collodions Solutions

Chemicals added to the embalming solution to deal with varying demands predicated upon the embalming fluid to be used, type of embalming, the environment

Modifying Agents

Those agents which will prohibit the growth of mold

Mold Preventative

A type of arterial fluid which contains inactive dyes that will not impart a color change upon the body tissues of the deceased

Non-Cosmetic Fluid/Passive Dye

A cosmetic medium able to cover or hide skin discolorations

Opaque Cosmetics

Preservation of the body's surface, or excisions and cavities, or of areas that received inadequate arterial preservative

Osmotic Embalming aka Surface Embalming

Liquids or gels, usually available in spray or pack form, which are generally used in cases of skin slip, ulcerations, and other surface involvements

Pack Application/Surface Application

Substances which temporarily or permanently inhibits an enzyme's action

Paralyzer/Inactivator

Chemicals found in embalming arterial formulations having the capability of displacing an unpleasant odor or of altering an unpleasant odor so that it is converted to a more pleasant one; Historically called reodorants

Perfuming Agents/Masking Agents/Deodorants

Pure or drinkable water

Potable Water

Contaminated, undrinkable water

Non-Potable Water

Degree of acidity or alkalinity

Potential of Hydrogen (pH)

Those sealing compounds which are used within vascular incisions, wounds, ulcerations, or other moist areas of the body

Powders

A substance bringing about precipitation The oxilates formerly used in water conditioning chemicals are now illegal because of the poisonous nature to the embalmer

Precipitant

The injection of a specialized chemical prior to the injection of a routine arterial chemical

Preinjection

Fluid injected primarily to prepare the vascular system and body tissues for the injection of the preservative vascular solution. This solution is injected before the preservative vascular solution is injected

Preinjection Fluid

The science of treating the body chemically as to temporarily inhibit deecomposition

Preservation

Chemicals which inhibit saprophytic bacteria, render unsuitable for nutrition the media upon decomposition which such bacteria thrive, and which will arrest by altering enzymes and lysins of the body as well as converting the decomposable tissue to a form less susceptible to decomposition aka fixers

Preservative

Amount of preservative required to effectively preserve remains depends on the condition of the tissues as determined in the embalming analysis

Preservative Demand aka Formaldehyde Demand

Chemical in powder form; typically used for surface embalming of the remains

Preservative Powder

As related to decomposition the conversion of fatty tissues of the body into a soapy waxy substance called adipocere or grave wax

Process of Soap Formation (Saponification)

Substance that easily loses electrons and there-by causes other substances to be reduced; formaldehyde is a strong one

Reducing Agent

An amorphous, nonvolatile solid or soft side substance, a natural exudation from plants any of a class of solid or soft organic compounds of natural or synthetic origin

Resinous Substance

Supplemental fluid, used with the regular arterial solution whose purpose is to retain body moisture and retard dehydration

Restorative Fluid AKA Humectant

Material used to provide a barrier or seal against any type of leakage of fluid or blood

Sealing Agents

A chemical that can "fence off" or "tie up" metal ions so they cannot react with other chemicals

Sequestering Agents

Injection that results in the distribution of embalming fluid primarily to the body surface, with little preservation and disinfection of deeper tissues

Shell Embalming

Drug-induced edema wherein the excess fluid is located within the cell. Upon palpation, there is no noticeable depression

Solid Edema

The substance that is dissolved in a solution

Solute

Liquid containing dissolved substance

Solution

A liquid holding another substance in solution

Solvent

Fluid injected for purposes other than preservation and disinfection

Supplemental Fluid

Cloth, wet or dry, folded and applied firmly to a body part

Surface Compress

An absorbent material, compress, saturated with an embalming chemical and placed in direct contact with the tissue

Surface Pack

AKA surface tension reducer, wetting, penetrating, or surface-active agent

Surfactant

Chemical that reduces the molecular cohesion of a liquid so it can flow through smaller apertures

Surfactant

A general term | The solidification of a solution into a gelatinous mass. Agglutination is a specific form of coagulation

Tissue Coagulation

Liquids that serve as a solvent for the numerous ingredients that are incorporated into embalming fluids

Vehicle

The resistance to the flow of a liquid; the thickness of a liquid

Viscosity

An agent used to remove chemical constituents from municipal water supplies that could interfere with drainage and preservation

Water Conditioner

Preparation room equipment which is a complete water system containing a hydro aspirator, water outlet, goose neck filler for the embalming machine and a snap on hose

Water Control Unit

Quality of water containing certain substances, especially soluble salts of calcium and magnesium

Water Hardness

Injection of an arterial solution composed of a preservative embalming fluid which is diluted with supplemental chemicals such as humectants, water conditioners, and co-injections

Waterless Embalming

A condition resulting from the use of an embalming solution containing insufficient amount of preservative to meet the preservation demand of the tissues; the interstitial spaces are overly filled, engorged with water

Water-Logged

AKA wetting agent

Surfactant

Exam 3 Vocab Flashcards

(94 cards)