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Clinical Medicine > Exam #4: Lower Extremity Lab > Flashcards

Exam #4: Lower Extremity Lab Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order for examination of the lower extremity?

A

1) Inspection
2) Palpation
3) ROM
4) Strength

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2
Q

Which should be evaluated first, active or passive ROM?

A

Active first, then passive (passive will have ~5 degree increase)

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3
Q

What is the normal angle between the tibia and femur?

A

15 degrees

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4
Q

What is the normal ROM for flexion at the knee?

A

130 degrees of flexion

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5
Q

What is normal ROM for extension at the knee?

A

Full extension/ 10-15 degrees of hyperextension

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6
Q

What is the normal ROM for internal rotation?

A

20-30 degrees

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7
Q

What is the normal ROM for external rotation?

A

30-40 degrees

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8
Q

What is the Ballottement test?

A

Test for large effusion or excess fluid in the knee

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9
Q

What does the bulge sign assess for?

A

Minor effusions of the knee

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10
Q

What does the McMurray test evaluate for?

A

Torn meniscus (medial) in the knee on the posterior side

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11
Q

What does the anterior drawer test for?

A

ACL tear

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12
Q

What does the posterior drawer test for?

A

PCL tear

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13
Q

What does the Lachman test for?

A

ACL

*This test is done with less flexion compared to the Anterior drawer; thus, hamstrings are more relaxed & may be a better test

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14
Q

What does the Varus stress test, test for?

A

LCL

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15
Q

What does the Valgus stress test, test for?

A

MCL

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16
Q

What does the Apley compression test evaluate for?

A

Torn medial or lateral menisci

17
Q

What does the Apley distraction test evaluate for?

A

Ligamentous injury to the knee

18
Q

What is a claw toe?

A

Hyperextension of the MTP joint with flexion of the toe’s proximal and distal joints

19
Q

What is a clubfoot?

A

A fixed congenital defect of the ankle and foot

20
Q

What is hallux valgus?

A

Lateral deviation of the great toe with overlapping of the second toe

21
Q

What is Legg-Calve Perthes Disease?

A

AVN of the femoral head

22
Q

What is a mallet toe?

A

Flexion deformity of the DIP joint of the foot

23
Q

What is metatarsus adductus?`

A

Most common deformity of the foot, marked by the middle bones of the foot pointing toward the body

24
Q

What is Osgood Schlatter Disease?

A

Overuse injury of adolescents that causes painful swelling of the knee due to apophyseal traction of the anterior aspect of the tibial tubercle

25
Q

What is pes cavus?

A

High arch

26
Q

What is pes planus?

A

Fallen arches

Clinical Medicine (27 decks)

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