Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Gross Anatomy > Exam 4 Remaining Material > Flashcards

Exam 4 Remaining Material Flashcards

1
Q

Crural fascia

A

Deep and superficial fascia of leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Crural fascia thickens to form ___ which functions to __

A

Retinacula

Keep tendons that cross ankle joint in place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Superior and inferior extensor retinacula

A

Bind tendons of anterior leg muscles and prevents tendons from bowstringing when foot is dorsal flexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fibular retinacula

A

Bind down tendons of lateral leg muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

Bind down tendons of deep posterior leg muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Interosseous membrane connects interosseous borders of __ and ___

A

Tibia and fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Functions of interosseous membrane

A
  1. Serves at attachment for muscles

2. Stabilizes tibia and fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Movements of foot at ankle joint

A

Plantar flexion

Dorsal flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Movements of foot at subtalar joint

A

Eversion (pronation)

Inversion (supination)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arches of foot

A

Medial longitudinal
Lateral longitudinal
Transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Deep fibular nerve supplies what anterior leg muscles?

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius
Extensor Hallucis longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Compartment syndrome

A

Result from increased pressure within myofascial compartment, resulting in ischemia and pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acute compartment syndrome

A

Commonly occurs due to trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Chronic compartment syndrome

A

Exercise related

AKA: external compartment syndrome (ECS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Compartments of leg most frequently affected in chronic compartment syndrome

A

Anterior and deep posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Shin splints

A

Pain along tibia, involving tibialis anterior

AKA: medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Segmental innervation of common fibular nerve

A

L4, L5, S1, S2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Common fibular nerve divides into

A

Superficial fibular nerve

Deep fibular nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Branches of common fibular nerve

A
  1. Sural communicating
  2. Lateral sural cutaneous
  3. Articular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sural communicating nerve joins ___ to supply ___

A

Sural branch of tibial nerve

Supply skin on posterior aspect of leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lateral sural cutaneous branch supplies

A

Skin on proximal lateral posterior aspect of leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Articular branch supplies

A

Knee joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Injury to common fibular nerve may result in

A 
Loss of dorsal flexion (foot drop)
Loss of eversion of foot
Loss of extension of toes 
Diminished foot inversion 
Loss of sensation over dorsum of foot and lateral aspect of leg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Deep fibular nerve segmental innervation

A

L4, L5, S1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Branches of deep fibular nerve
1. Muscular (To muscles of anterior compartment of leg and dorsum of foot) 2. Articular (Inferior tibiofibular and ankle joints) 3. Cutaneous (Webspace between first and second digits)
26
Ski boot syndrome
Compression neuropathy of deep fibular nerve as it leaves anterior compartment and becomes superficial at anterior aspect of ankle
27
Anterior tibial artery supplies
Structures of anterior compartment of leg
28
Smaller terminal branch of popliteal artery
Anterior tibial artery
29
Anterior tibial artery continues on dorsum of foot to become
Dorsal pedis artery
30
Segmental innervation of superficial fibular nerve
L4, L5, S1
31
Branches of superficial fibular nerve
1. Motor- supplies fibularis longus and Brevis | 2. Cutaneous- skin of distal part of anterior leg and dorsum of foot
32
Superficial fibular nerve may be damaged via
Ankle sprains
33
There are ___ vessels found directly in lateral leg compartment
0
34
Muscles of lateral leg compartment receive vascular supply from branches of
Anterior tibial artery | Fibular branch of posterior tibial artery
35
Gastrocnemius + soleus
Triceps surae
36
Thickest and strongest tendon in body
Achilles Tendon
37
All posterior leg muscles are supplied by
Tibial nerve
38
Achilles Tendonitis
Microscopic tears in collagen fibers of tendons, just proximal to attachment on calcaneus
39
Achilles Tendonitis is more common in
People with flat feet
40
Why are flat feet more prone to Achilles Tendonitis
Foot is more hyper-everted
41
Rupture of Achilles’ tendon will cause an individual to have difficulty
Carrying out plantar flexion
42
Calcaneal tendon reflex tests segmental innervation of
S1 | S2
43
Contracture of calf muscles may occur after wearing high heeled shoes due to
Origin and insertion of muscles coming closer together
44
Plantaris is missing in about
5% of population
45
Poplietus helps form
Floor of Popliteal fossa
46
Most medial of deep posterior leg muscles
Flexor digitorum longus
47
Most lateral of deep posterior leg muscles
Flexor hallucis longus
48
Muscle found between flexor digitorum and hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior
49
Tibial nerve segmental innervation
L4-S3
50
Motor supply of tibial nerve
Posterior leg muscles
51
Sural nerve supplies
Skin on most of posterior leg and lateral plantar aspect of foot
52
Medial calcaneal cutaneous supply
Skin over calcaneal tuberosity
53
Tibial nerve articular supply
Knee and ankle joints
54
3 things that may occur with damage to tibial nerve
1. Unable to flex toes 2. Weakened plantar flexion 3. Weakened inversion of foot
55
Damage to tibial nerve caused by
Deep laceration in posterior leg or posterior dislocation of knee
56
Posterior tibial artery supplies
Posterior leg and plantar surface of foot
57
Posterior tibial artery enters plantar surface and splits into
Medial and lateral plantar arteries
58
Largest and most important branch of posterior tibial artery
Fibular artery
59
Fibular artery supplies
Muscles of deep posterior and lateral leg compartment
60
Peripheral arterial disease
Narrowing or occlusion of posterior tibial artery
61
Sign of peripheral arterial disease
Absence or diminished pulse
62
Superior tibiofibular joint articulations
Head of fibula with fibular articular facet
63
Superior tibiofibular joint classification
Plane gliding joint
64
Superior tibiofibular joint nerve supply
Common fibular nerve
65
Ligaments of Superior Tibiofibular joint
Anterior and posterior tibiofibular | Interosseous membrane
66
Inferior tibiofibular joint AKA
Tibiofibular syndesmosis
67
Articulation of inferior tibiofibular joint
Fibular notch of tibia and lateral malleolar facet of fibula
68
Nerve supply to inferior tibiofibular joint
Deep fibular and tibial
69
Ligaments of inferior tibiofibular joint
Anterior and posterior tibiofibular | Interosseous membrane
70
Bones of articulation of ankle joint
Distal end of tibia, lateral malleolar fossa of fibula, body of talus
71
Mortise
Name used to describe articulating surfaces of tibia, fibula and talus
72
Ankle joint classification
Ginglymus
73
Nerve supply to ankle joint
Deep fibular and tibial nerve
74
Capsular ligament of ankle joint
Thin and weak anteriorly and posteriorly
75
4 parts of deltoid ligament
1. Anterior tibiotalar 2. Tibionavicular 3. Tibiocalcaneal 4. Posterior tibiotalar
76
Lateral ligaments of ankle joint
1. Anterior talofibular 2. Calcaneofibular 3. Posterior talofibular
77
Movements of ankle joint
Planter flexion | Dorsal flexion
78
Ankle joint is strongest when
Dorsal flexed Ligaments in max tension because talus is forced between medial and lateral malleolus
79
Most commonly injured ligaments in ankle sprain
1. Anterior talofibular | 2. Calcaneofibular
80
High ankle sprain
Sprain at inferior tibiofibular joint
81
Pott’s fracture occurs when
Foot is forcibly everted
82
Pott’s fracture can result in:
1. Tearing of deltoid ligament, can lead to avulsion fracture of medial malleolus 2. Fracture of shaft of fibula 3. Fracture of lateral malleolus
83
Functions of foot
1. Supports body weight 2. Provides leverage of locomotion 3. Serve as spring to absorb shock
84
Structures held in place by superior and inferior extensor retinacula
Tendons of anterior leg muscles Anterior tibial vessels Deep fibular nerve
85
Structures held in place by fibular retinacula
Tendons of lateral leg muscles Motor branches of superficial fibular nerve
86
Structures held in place by flexor retinaculum
Tendons of deep posterior leg muscles Posterior tibial blood vessels Tibial nerve
87
Skin on plantar surface of foot thicker in these areas:
1. Calcaneal tuberosity 2. Lateral margin 3. Metatarsal heads
88
Plantar aponeurosis
Thickened portion of deep fascia found under plantar surface skin
89
Function of plantar aponeurosis
1. Hold parts of foot together 2. Help protect plantar surface of foot from injury 3. Help support longitudinal arches
90
Function of plantar muscles
1. Help maintain arches | 2. Assist in function of leg muscles
91
Dorsal muscles of foot
1. Extensor digitorum brevis | 2. Extensor hallucis brevis
92
Medial plantar supplies what muscles
Abductor hallucis Flexor digitorum brevis Flexor hallucis brevis 1st lumbrical
93
Lateral plantar nerve supplies
``` Quadratus plantae Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Adductor hallucis 2, 3, 4 lubricales Interossei muscles ```
94
Deep fibular nerve supplies what muscles of the foot
Extensor digitorum brevis | Extensor hallucis brevis
95
Saphenous nerve cutaneous supply
Medial aspect of head of 1st metatarsal
96
Deep and superficial fibular nerve cutaneous supplies
Dorsum of the foot
97
Medial plantar nerve cutaneous supply
Medial 3/4 of plantar surface of foot
98
Lateral plantar nerve cutaneous supply
Lateral 1/4 plantar surface of foot
99
Sural nerve cutaneous supply
Lateral aspect of foot
100
Calcaneal branch of tibia
Posterior aspect of heel (calcaneal tuberosity)
101
These vessels help form the plantar arterial arch
Medial and lateral plantar arteries
102
Dorsum of foot supplied by what artery
Dorsal pedis artery
103
Most important intertarsal joints of the foot
1. Subtalar 2. Calcaneocuboid 3. Talonavicular
104
Flexion and extension of digits occurs at what joints
Metatarsophalangeal and interphalangeal
105
Major ligaments of intertarsal joints
1. Plantar calcaneonavicular 2. Long plantar 3. Plantar calcaneocuboid
106
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligaments runs from
Sustenaculum tali to tuberosity of navicular
107
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament function
Major support of medial longitudinal arch, especially when downward forces of body weight are applied to talus
108
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament can be injured by
Acute twisting injury to foot
109
Long plantar ligament runs from
Plantar surface of calcaneus to cuboid and base of 3, 4, 5 metatarsals
110
Long plantar ligament function
Maintains medial longitudinal arch
111
Plantar calcaneocuboid runs from
Calcaneus to cuboid
112
Plantar calcaneocuboid function
Helps maintain medial longitudinal arch
113
Bones involved in medial longitudinal arch
Calcaneus, talus, navicular, medial cuneiform, 1st and 2nd metatarsals
114
Bones of lateral longitudinal arch
Calcaneus, cuboid, 4th and 5th metatarsals
115
Bones of transverse arch
Base of metatarsals, cuboid and cuneiforms
116
Passive factors in maintaining arches of foot
1. Shape of articulated bones 2. Plantar aponeurosis 3. Long plantar ligament 4. Plantar calcaneocuboid ligament 5. Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
117
Dynamic supports in maintaining arches of foot
1. Active contraction of intrinsic foot muscles 2. Flexor hallucis and digitorum longus (long. Arches) 3. Fibularis longus and tibialis posterior (transverse arch)

Gross Anatomy (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions