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Gross Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

(192 cards)

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1
Q

Pectoralis Major

Origin

A
  1. Clavicle
  2. Sternum & upper ribs
  3. Tendon of the External Oblique Muscle
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2
Q

Pectoralis Major

Insertion

A

Greater tubercle

Inter-tubercular groove/ humerus

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3
Q

Pectoralis Major

Action

A

Entire muscle: adduction & medial rotation of humerus, forced inspiration by elevating rib cage when humerus is fixed
Clavicular portion: flexes humerus @ shoulder joint
Sternocostal Portion: extends humerus @ should joint

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4
Q

Pectoralis Major

Nerve Supply

A

Medial Pectoral Nerve

Lateral Pectoral Nerve

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5
Q

Pectoralis Minor

Origin

A

Ribs 3-5

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6
Q

Pectoralis Minor

Insertion

A

Coracoid process/ scapula

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7
Q

Pectoralis Minor

Action

A

Involved w/ protraction/abduction of scapula

Elevates rib cage- involved w/ forced inspiration

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8
Q

Pectoralis Minor

Nerve Supply

A

Medial Pectoral Nerve

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9
Q

Subclavius

Origin

A

First Rib

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10
Q

Subclavius

Insertion

A

Subclavian groove/ clavicle

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11
Q

Subclavius

Action

A

Moves clavicle medically

Acts as protective cushion between clavicle and subclavian vessels

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12
Q

Subclavius

Nerve Supply

A

Nerve to subclavius

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13
Q

Trapezius

Origin

A
  1. Superior nuchel line/occiput
  2. External occipital protuberance
  3. Ligamentum Nuchae
  4. Spines of C7-T12
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14
Q

Trapezius

Insertion

A
  1. Clavicle

2. Acromion process of spine/ scapula

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15
Q

Trapezius

Action

A
  1. Stabilizes scapula
  2. Upper portion elevates scapula
  3. Middle @ lower portions adducts scapula; depresses scapula
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16
Q

Trapezius

Nerve Supply

A

Motor: spinal accessory nerve (XI Cranial)
Sensory: C3, C4

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17
Q

Rhomboid Major

Origin

A

Spines/ Upper Thoracics

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18
Q

Rhomboid Major

Insertion

A

Vertebral border/ scapula

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19
Q

Rhomboid Major

Action

A
  1. Elevate & adducts scapula

2. Helps stabilize scapula

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20
Q

Rhomboid Major

Nerve Supply

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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21
Q

Rhomboid Minor

Origin

A

Spines/ C7 & T1

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22
Q

Rhomboid Minor

Insertion

A

Vertebral border/ scapula

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23
Q

Rhomboid Minor

Action

A
  1. Elevate & adducts scapula

2. Helps stabilize scapula

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24
Q

Rhomboid Minor

Nerve Supply

A

Dorsal Scapular Nerve

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25
Levator Scapula | Origin
Transverse processes/ upper cervical vertebrae
26
Levator Scapula | Insertion
Upper medial border and superior angle/ scapula
27
Levator Scapula | Action
1. Elevate scapula 2. Adducts scapula 3. Stabilize scapula
28
Levator Scapula | Nerve Supply
Dorsal Scapular Nerve
29
Latissimus Dorsi | Origin
1. Spines/ lower thoracic and lumber vertebrae 2. Thoracodorsal fascia 3. Crest of ilium 4. Lower ribs
30
Latissimus Dorsi | Insertion
Intertubercular groove (lesser tubercle)
31
Latissimus Dorsi | Action
1. Extends, adducts, medially rotate humerus | 2. Involved in forced expiration
32
Latissimus Dorsi | Nerve Supply
Thoracodorsal Nerve
33
Serratus Anterior | Origin
Upper 8 or 9 ribs
34
Serratus Anterior | Insertion
Vertebral border/ scapula
35
Serratus Anterior | Action
1. Abduction/ protraction of scapula 2. Stabilizes scapula 3. Involved w/ forced inspiration (only when humerus abducted)
36
Serratus Anterior | Nerve Supply
Long thoracic
37
Deltoid | Origin
1. Anterior/clavicular portion from clavicle 2. Middle/acromial portion from acromion process of scapula 3. Posterior/ spinous portion
38
Deltoid | Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity/ humerus
39
Deltoid | Action
1. Anterior portion: flexes, medially rotates arm 2. Middle portion: abducts arm 3. Posterior portion: extends, laterally rotates arm
40
Deltoid | Innervation
Axillary Nerve
41
Supraspinatus | Origin
Supraspinous fossa/ scapula
42
Supraspinatus | Insertion
Greater tuberosity/ humerus
43
Supraspinatus | Action
1. Initiates abduction of arm 2. Helps laterally rotate humerus 3. Helps stabilize shoulder joint
44
Supraspinatus | Nerve Supply
Suprascapular Nerve
45
Infraspinatus | Origin
Infraspinous fossa/ scapula
46
Infraspinatus | Insertion
Greater tuberosity/ humerus
47
Infraspinatus | Action
1. Laterally rotates humerus | 2. Stabilizes shoulder joint
48
Infraspinatus | Nerve Supply
Suprascapular Nerve
49
Subscapularis | Origin
Subscapular fossa/ scapula
50
Subscapularis | Insertion
Lesser tuberosity/ humerus
51
Subscapularis | Action
1. Medially rotate humerus | 2. Stabilize shoulder joint
52
Subscapularis | Nerve Supply
Upper and lower subscapular nerve
53
Teres Major | Origin
Inferior angle/ scapula
54
Teres Major | Insertion
Intertubercular groove (lesser tuberosity)
55
Teres Major | Action
1. Adducts humerus 2. Stabilizes shoulder joint 3. Medially rotates humerus
56
Teres Major | Innervation
Lower subscapular Nerve
57
Teres Minor | Origin
Axillary border/ scapula
58
Teres minor | Insertion
Greater tuberosity/ humerus
59
Teres Minor | Action
1. Laterally rotates humerus | 2. Stabilizes shoulder joint
60
Teres Minor | Innervation
Axillary Nerve
61
Biceps Brachii | Origin
Short head: coracoids process scapula | Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle/ scapula
62
Biceps Brachii | Insertion
1. Tuberosity/ radius | 2. Shaft/ ulna
63
Biceps Brachii | Action
Flexion of forearm | Supinates radius
64
Biceps Brachii | Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve
65
Coracobrachialis | Origin
Coracoid process/ scapula
66
Coracobrachialis | Insertion
Shaft/ humerus
67
Coracobrachialis | Action
1. Flexion, weak adduction of arm | 2. Stabilizes shoulder joint
68
Coracobrachialis | Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve
69
Brachialis | Origin
Shaft/ humerus | Long head: infraglenoid tubercle/ scapula
70
Brachialis | Insertion
Ulnar tuberosity | Coronoid process/ ulna
71
Brachialis | Action
Flexes forearm
72
Brachialis | Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve
73
Triceps Brachii | Origin
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle/scapula | Medial and lateral head: shaft/humerus
74
Triceps Brachii | Insertion
Olecranon process/ulna
75
Triceps Brachii | Action
Extension of forearm
76
Triceps Brachii | Innervation
Radial Nerve
77
Pronator Teres | Origin
1. Medial epicondyle/ humerus | 2. Coronoid process/ ulna
78
Pronator Teres | Insertion
Pronator ridge/ radius
79
Pronator Teres | Action
1. Pronates forearm at superior radioulnar joint | 2. Assists flexion at elbow joint
80
Pronator Teres | Innervation
Median Nerve
81
Flexor Carpi Radialis | Origin
Medial epicondyle/ humerus
82
Flexor Carpi Radialis | Insertion
2nd metacarpal w/ small slip to 3rd metacarpal
83
Flexor Carpi Radialis | Innervation
Median Nerve
84
Palmaris Longs | Origin
Medial epicondyle/ humerus
85
Palmaris Longus | Insertion
Palmer aponeurosis
86
Palmaris Longus | Action
1. Helps flex hand | 2. Tightens palmer aponeurosis of palm/helps with palmar grip
87
Palmaris Longus | Innervation
Median nerve
88
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Origin
1. Medial epicondyle/ humerus | 2. Olecranon process ulna
89
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Insertion
Pisiform, hamate, & 5th metacarpal
90
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Action
1. Equal prime mover for flexion of hand @ wrist joint | 2. Adducts hand
91
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris | Nerve
Ulnar Nerve
92
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Origin
Shaft/radius | Medial epicondyle/ humerus
93
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Insertion
Middle phalanges/ digits 2-5
94
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Action
1. Flexes the PI joints of digits 2-5 | 2. Helps flex hand
95
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis | Innervation
Median Nerve
96
Flexor Digitorum Profundus | Origin
Interosseous membrane shaft/ ulna
97
Flexor Digitorum Profundus | Insertion
Distal phalanges/ digits 2-5
98
Flexor Digitorum Profundus | Action
1. Flexes the DIP joints of digits 2-5 | 2. Helps flex hand
99
Flexor Digitorum Profundus | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve & Median Nerve
100
Flexor Pollicis Longus | Origin
Interosseous membrane shaft/ radius
101
Flexor Pollicis Longus | Insertion
Distal phalanx/ digit 1
102
Flexor Pollicis Longus | Action
Flexes thumb (digit 1) @ IP joint
103
Flexor Pollicis Longus | Innervation
Median Nerve
104
Pronator Quadratus | Origin
Distal anterior shaft/ ulna
105
Pronator Quadratus | Insertion
Distal anterior shaft/ radius
106
Pronator Quadratus | Action
1. Pronation of forearm @ the inferior radial-ulnar joint | 2. Helps stabilize inferior-radial-ulnar joint
107
Pronator Quadratus | Innervation
Median Nerve
108
Brachioradialis | Origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge/humerus
109
Brachioradialis | Insertion
Styloid process/ radius
110
Brachioradialis | Action
1. Helps flex forearm | 2. Pronates, supinates forearm
111
Brachioradialis | Innervation
Radial Nerve
112
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Origin
Lateral epicondyle/ humerus
113
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Insertion
2nd metacarpal
114
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Action
1. Extend hand | 2. Abduct hand
115
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus | Innervation
Radial Nerve
116
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Origin
Lateral epicondyle/ humerus
117
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Insertion
3rd Metacarpal
118
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Action
1. Extend hand | 2. Abduct hand
119
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis | Innervation
Radial Nerve
120
``` Extensor Digitorum (Maximus) Origin ```
Lateral epicondyle/ humerus
121
``` Extensor Digitorum (Maximus) Insertion ```
Middle phalanx/digits 2-5
122
``` Extensor Digitorum (Maximus) Action ```
1. Extends digits 2-5 | 2. Extend hand
123
``` Extensor Digitorum (Maximus) Innervation ```
Radial Nerve
124
Extensor Digiti Minimi | Origin
Lateral epicondyle/ humerus
125
Extensor Digiti Minimi | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/ digit 5
126
Extensor Digiti Minimi | Action
Extend digit 5
127
Extensor Digiti Minimi | Innervation
Radial Nerve
128
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Origin
Shaft/ulna | Lateral epicondyle/ humerus
129
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Insertion
5th metacarpal
130
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Action
1. Extend hand | 2. Helps adduct hand
131
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris | Innervation
Radial Nerve
132
Supinator | Origin
1. Lateral epicondyle/ humerus | 2. Supinator crest/ulna
133
Supinator | Insertion
Shaft/radius
134
Supinator | Action
Supinates forearm
135
Supinator | Innervation
Radial Nerve
136
Abductor Pollicis Longus | Origin
Interosseous membrane | Shaft/ulna and radius
137
Abductor Pollicis Longus | Insertion
1st metacarpal
138
Abductor Pollicis Longus | Action
Abducts digit 1 @ CM joint | Extends digit 1
139
Abductor Pollicis Longus | Innervation
Radial Nerve
140
Extensor Pollicis Brevis | Origin
Interosseous membrane | Shaft/radius
141
Extensor Pollicis Brevis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/digit 1
142
Extensor Pollicis Brevis | Action
Extends digit 1 @ MP joint
143
Extensor Pollicis Brevis | Innervation
Radial Nerve
144
Extensor Pollicis Longus | Origin
Interosseous membrane | Shaft/ulna
145
Extensor Pollicis Longus | Insertion
Distal phalanx/digit 1
146
Extensor Pollicis Longus | Action
Extends digit 1 @ IP joint
147
Extensor Pollicis Longus | Innervation
Radial Nerve
148
Extensor Indicis | Origin
Interosseous membrane | Shaft/ulna
149
Extensor Indicis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/digit 2
150
Extensor Indicis | Action
Extends digit 2
151
Extensor Indicis | Innervation
Radial Nerve
152
Anconeus | Origin
Lateral epicondyle/ humerus
153
Anconeus | Insertion
Olecranon process | Posterior proximal shaft/ ulna
154
Anconeus | Action
Extends forearm
155
Anconeus | Innervation
Radial Nerve
156
Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Origin
Trapezium | Scaphoid
157
Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/digit 1
158
Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Action
Abducts digit 1 @ MP joint
159
Abductor Pollicis Brevis | Innervation
Median Nerve
160
Opponens Pollicis | Origin
Trapezium
161
Opponens Pollicis | Insertion
1st metacarpal
162
Opponens Pollicis | Action
Medially rotates 1st metacarpal
163
Opponens Pollicis | Innervation
Median Nerve
164
Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Origin
Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate bones
165
Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/ digit 1
166
Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Action
Flexes digit 1 @ MP joint
167
Flexor Pollicis Brevis | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve | Median Nerve
168
Adductor Pollicis | Origin
1. Trapezoid, capitate, 2nd & 3rd metacarpals | 2. 3rd metacarpal
169
Adductor Pollicis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/digit 1
170
Adductor Pollicis | Action
Adducts digit 1
171
Adductor Pollicis | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve
172
Abductor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Origin
Pisiform
173
Abductor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/digit 5
174
Abductor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Action
Abducts digit 5
175
Abductor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve
176
Flexor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Origin
Hamate
177
Flexor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Insertion
Proximal phalanx/digit 5
178
Flexor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Action
Flexes digit 5 @ MP joint
179
Flexor Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve
180
Opponens Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Origin
Hamate
181
Opponens Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Insertion
5th metacarpal
182
Opponens Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Action
Laterally rotates 5th metacarpal
183
Opponens Digiti Quinti/ Minimi | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve
184
Lumbricales | Origin
Tendons of flexor digitorum Profundus muscle
185
Lumbricales | Insertion
Tendons of extensor digitorum muscle
186
Lumbricales | Action
1. Flexes MP joints | 2. Extends IP joint
187
Lumbricales | Innervation
1st & 2nd lumbricales-Median Nerve | 3rd & 4th lumbricales-Ulnar Nerve
188
Dorsal interossei | Origin
2nd, 3rd, 4th metacarpals
189
Dorsal interossei | Insertion
Proximal phalanx of digits 2,3,4
190
Dorsal interossei | Action
Abducts digits 2-4 Flex MP joints Extend IP joints
191
Dorsal interossei | Innervation
Ulnar Nerve
192
Flexor Carpi Radialis | Action
1. Equal prime mover for flexion of hand @ wrist joint | 2. Assists in abduction of hand

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