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Gross Anatomy > Lower Extremity Muscles > Flashcards

Lower Extremity Muscles Flashcards

(195 cards)

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1
Q

Iliacus

Origin

A

Iliac fossa

Sacrum

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2
Q

Iliacus

Insertion

A

Lesser trochanter/femur

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3
Q

Iliacus

Action

A
  1. Flexion of femur at hip joint
  2. Helps maintain posture
  3. Assist flexion/ vert. Column
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4
Q

Iliacus

Nerve supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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5
Q

Psoas Major

Origin

A

Bodies and transverse processes/ lumbar vertebrae

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6
Q

Psoas Major

Insertion

A

Lesser trochanter/ femur

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7
Q

Psoas Major

Action

A
  1. Flexion of femur and hip joint
  2. Helps maintain posture
  3. Assist flexion/ vert column
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8
Q

Psoas Major

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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9
Q

Psoas Minor

Origin

A

Bodies/ lumbars

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10
Q

Psoas Minor

Insertion

A

Iliopubic eminence/pubis

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11
Q

Psoas Minor

Action

A

Flexion of pelvic bone

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12
Q

Psoas Minor

Nerve Supply

A

L1 (sometimes L2)

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13
Q

Sartorius

Origin

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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14
Q

Sartorius

Insertion

A

Superior medial shaft/ tibia

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15
Q

Sartorius

Actions

A
  1. Flexion of hip and knee joint
  2. Abducts femur
  3. Medially rotates leg
  4. Laterally rotates femur
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16
Q

Sartorius

Nerve supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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17
Q

Rectus Femoris

Origin

A
  1. Anterior inferior iliac spine

2. Acetabulum/pelvic bone

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18
Q

Rectus Femoris

Insertion

A

Base of patella

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19
Q

Rectus Femoris

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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20
Q

Rectus Femoris

Action

A

Flexion at hip joint

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21
Q

Vastus Lateralis

Origin

A
  1. Greater trochanter/ femur

2. Linea aspera/ femur

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22
Q

Vastus Lateralis

Insetion

A

Base of patella

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23
Q

Vastus Lateralis

Nerve Supply

A

Femoral (L2, L3, L4)

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24
Q

Vastus Medialis

Origin

A
  1. Intertrochanteric line/ femur

2. Linea aspera/ femur

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25
Vastus Medialis | Insetion
Base of patella
26
Vastus Medialis | Nerve Supply
Femoral (L2, L3, L4)
27
Vastus Intermedius | Origin
Anterior-lateral aspect/femur | Linea aspera/ femur
28
Vastus Intermedius | Insertion
Base of patella
29
Vastus Intermedius | Nerve Suppy
Femoral (L2, L3, L4)
30
Actions of Quadriceps | Rectus Femoris, Vastus Lateralis, Vastus Medialis, Vastus Intermedius
1. Extend leg at knee joint | 2. Tonus of muscles- strengthen knee joint
31
Articularis Genu | Action
Retracts synovial membrane of knee joint to help stabilize the knee
32
Gracilis | Origin
1. Ramus/ ischium | 2. Inferior ramus/ pubis
33
Gracilis | Insertion
Superior medial shaft/ tibia
34
Gracilis | Action
1. Adduct femur | 2. Flexion of leg
35
Gracilis | Nerve supply
Obturator (L2, L3, L4)
36
Pectineus | Origin
Superior ramus (pubis pectin)/ pubis
37
Pectineus | Insertion
1. Pectineal line/ femur | 2. Linea aspera/ femur
38
Pectineus | Actions
1. Adducts femur | 2. Flexion at hip joint
39
Pectineus | Nerve Supply
Femoral (L2, L3, L4) | Obturator (L2, L3, L4)
40
Adductor Longus | Origin
Superior ramus/ pubis
41
Adductor longus | Insertion
Linea aspera/ femur
42
Adductor Longus | Nerve supply
Obturator (L2, L3, L4)
43
Adductor Longus | Action
Adducts femur
44
Adductor Brevis | Origin
Inferior ramus/ pubis
45
Adductor Brevis | Insertion
Pectineal line/ femur | Linea aspera/ femur
46
Adductor Brevis | Action
Adducts femur
47
Adductor Brevis | Nerve supply
Obturator (L2, L3, L4)
48
Adductor Magnus | Origin
Rami/ ischium and pubis
49
Adductor Magnus | Insertion
Linea aspera/ femur | Adductor tubercle/ femur
50
Adductor Magnus | Actions
Adducts femur | Extends femur at hip joint
51
Adductor Magnus | Nerve supply
Obturator (L2, L3, L4) | Sciatic (L4-S3)
52
Tensor Fascia Lata | Origin
Crest of ilium
53
Tensor Fascia Lata | Insertion
Iliotibial tract
54
Tensor Fascia Lata | Actions
Flexes femur Abducts femur Medially rotates femur Helps stabilize knee joint
55
Gluteus Maximus | Origin
Posterior gluteal line/ilium Sacrum and coccyx Posterior ligaments of the sacroiliac joint
56
Gluteus Maximus | Insertion
Gluteal tuberosity/ femur | Iliotibial tract
57
Gluteus Maximus | Action
Extends femur Laterally rotates femur Helps stabilize pelvic bone Stabilize knee joint
58
Gluteus Maximus | Nerve supply
Inferior gluteal (L5, S1, S2)
59
Gluteus Medius | Origin
External surface/ ilium
60
Gluteus medius | Insertion
Greater trochanter/ femur
61
Gluteus Medius | Action
Abducts femur Medially rotates femur Helps keep pelvic bone steady
62
Gluteus Medius | Nerve supply
Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
63
Gluteus Minimus | Origin
External surface/ ilium
64
Gluteus Minimus | Insertion
Greater trochanter/ femur
65
Gluteus Minimus | Action
Abducts femur Medially rotates femur Helps keep pelvic bone steady
66
Gluteus Minimus | Nerve supply
Superior gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
67
Tensor Fascia Lata | Nerve supply
Superior gluteal nerve
68
Piriformis | Origin
Anterior surface/ sacrum
69
Piriformis | Insertion
Greater trochanter/ femur
70
Piriformis | Action
Laterally rotates femur
71
Piriformis | Nerve supply
S1, S2
72
Superior Gemellus | Origin
Spine/ ischium
73
Superior Gemellus | Insertion
Greater trochanter/ femur
74
Superior Gemellus | Action
Laterally rotates femur
75
Superior gemellus | Nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
76
Obturator Internus | Origin
Internal surface/ obturator membrane
77
Obturator Internus | Insertion
Greater trochanter/ femur
78
Obturator Internus | Action
Laterally rotates femur
79
Obturator Internus | Nerve Supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
80
Inferior Gemellus | Origin
Ishial tuberosity
81
Inferior Gemellus | Insertion
Greater trochanter/ femur
82
Inferior Gemellus | Action
Laterally rotates femur
83
Inferior gemellus | Nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
84
Obturator Externus | Origin
External surface obturator membrane
85
Obturator Externus | Insertion
Trochanteric fossa/ femur
86
Obturator Externus | Action
Laterally rotates femur
87
Obturator Externus | Nerve supply
Obturator nerve
88
Quadratus Femoris | Origin
Ischial tuberosity
89
Quadratus Femoris | Insertion
Quadrate tubercle/ femur
90
Quadratus Femoris | Action
Laterally rotates femur
91
Quadratus Femoris | Nerve supply
L4, L5, S1, S2
92
Semitendinosus | Origin
Ischial tuberosity
93
Semitendinosus | Insertion
1. Medial condyle/ tibia | 2. Proximal post. Shaft/ tibia
94
Semitendinosus | Action
1. Flexion leg at knee 2. Stabilize hip 3. Extend femur 4. Medially rotate leg
95
Semitendinosus | Nerve supply
Sciatic nerve
96
Semimembranosus | Origin
Ischial tuberosity
97
Semimembranosus | Insertion
Medial condyle/ tibia
98
Semimembranosus | Action
1. Flexion leg at knee 2. Stabilize hip 3. Extend femur 4. Medially rotate leg
99
Semimembranosus | Nerve supply
Sciatic nerve
100
Biceps Femoris | Origin
Long head:ischial tuberosity Short head: linea aspera
101
Biceps Femoris | Insertion
1. Head/ fibula | 2. Lateral condyle/ tibia
102
Biceps Femoris | Action
Long Head: flexion leg at knee, stabilize hip, extend femur, laterally rotate leg Short Head: flexion leg and knee, laterally rotate leg
103
Biceps Femoris | Nerve Supply
Sciatic nerve
104
Tibialis Anterior | Origin
1. Shaft/ tibia | 2. Interosseous membrane
105
Tibialis Anterior | Insertion
1. First metatarsal | 2. Medial cuneiform
106
Tibialis Anterior | Action
1. Inverts and dorsal flexes foot | 2. Supports medial longitudinal arch
107
Tibialis Anterior | Nerve supply
Deep fibular nerve
108
Extensor Digitorum Longus | Origin
1. Lateral condyle/tibia 2. Shaft/fibula 3. Interosseous membrane
109
Extensor Digitorum Longus | Insertion
Distal phalanges/ digits 2-5
110
Extensor Digitorum Longus | Action
1. Extends digits 2-5 | 2. Dorsal flexes foot
111
Extensor Digitorum Longus | Nerve supply
Deep fibular nerve
112
Fibularis Tertius | Origin
Shaft/ fibula
113
Fibularis Tertius | Insertion
Fifth metatarsal
114
Fibularis Tertius | Action
Everts and dorsal flexes foot
115
Fibularis Tertius | Nerve supply
Deep fibular nerve
116
Extensor Hallucis Longus | Origin
1. Shaft/ fibula | 2. Interosseous membrane
117
Extensor Hallucis Longus | Insertion
Distal phalanx digit 1
118
Extensor Hallucis Longus | Action
1. Extend digit 1 | 2. Dorsal flexes foot
119
Extensor Hallucis Longus | Nerve supply
Deep fibular nerve
120
Fibularis Longus | Origin
Shaft and head/ fibula
121
Fibularis Longus | Insertion
1. First metatarsal | 2. Medial cuneiform
122
Fibularis Longus | Action
1. Everts and plantar flexes foot | 2. Supports lateral and transverse arches
123
Fibularis Longus | Nerve Supply
Superficial fibular nerve
124
Fibularis Brevis | Origin
Shaft/fibula
125
Fibularis Brevis | Insertion
Fifth metatarsal
126
Fibularis Brevis | Action
1. Everts and plantar flexes foot | 2. Supports lateral arch
127
Fibularis Brevis | Nerve supply
Superficial fibular nerve
128
Gastrocnemius | Origin
Lateral and medial condyles and epicondyle / femur
129
Gastrocnemius | Insertion
Tuberosity/ calcaneus
130
Gastrocnemius | Action
1. Plantar flexes foot | 2. Flexes leg
131
Gastrocnemius | Nerve supply
Tibial nerve
132
Soleus | Origin
1. Soleal line/ tibia | 2. Shaft and head/ fibula
133
Soleus | Insertion
Tuberosity/ calcaneus
134
Soleus | Action
Inverts and plantar flexes foot | Stabilizes ankle
135
Soleus | Nerve supply
Tibial nerve
136
Plantaris | Origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge/ femur
137
Plantaris | Insertion
Tuberosity/ calcaneus
138
Plantaris | Action
Plantar flexes foot
139
Plantaris | Nerve supply
Tibial nerve
140
Popliteus | Origin
Lateral condyle/femur
141
Popliteus | Insertion
Posterior proximal shaft/ tibia
142
Popliteus | Action
1. Medially rotates tibia (to unlock knee and allow leg flexion) 2. Stabilizes knee (prevents hyperextension)
143
Popliteus | Nerve supply
Tibial nerve
144
Flexor Digitorum Longus | Origin
Shaft/ tibia
145
Flexor Digitorum Longus | Insertion
Distal phalanges/ digits 2-5
146
Flexor Digitorum Longus | Action
1. Flexes digits 2-5 2. Plantar flexes foot 3. Supports medial and lateral arches
147
Flexor Digitorum Longus | Nerve supply
Tibial nerve
148
Flexor Hallucis Longus | Origin
1. Interosseous membrane | 2. Shaft/ fibula
149
Flexor Hallucis Longus | Insertion
Distal phalanx digit 1
150
Flexor Hallucis Longus | Action
1. Flexes digit 1 2. Plantar flexes foot 3. Supports medial arch
151
Flexor Hallucis Longus | Innervation
Tibial nerve
152
Tibialis Posterior | Origin
1. Interosseous membrane | 2. Shaft/ fibula and tibia
153
Tibialis Posterior | Insertion
1. Navicular 2. Cuneiform 3. Cuboid 4. Metatarsals 2-4
154
Tibialis Posterior | Action
1. Inverts and plantar flexes foot | 2. Supports medial arch
155
Tibialis Posterior | Nerve supply
Tibial nerve
156
Extensor Digitorum Brevis | Origin
Calcaneus
157
Extensor Digitorum Brevis | Insertion
Tendons of extensor digitorum longus of digits 2-4
158
Extensor Digitorum Brevis | Action
Extends digits 2-4
159
Extensor Digitorum Brevis | Nerve supply
Deep fibular nerve
160
Extensor Hallucis Brevis | Origin
Calcaneus
161
Extensor Hallucis Brevis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx digit 1
162
Extensor Hallucis Brevis | Action
Extends digit 1
163
Extensor Hallucis Brevis | Nerve supply
Deep fibular nerve
164
Abductor Digiti Quinti | Origin
Calcaneus
165
Abductor Digiti Quinti | Insetion
Proximal phalanx digit 5
166
Abductor Digiti Quinti | Action
1. Abducts digit 5 | 2. Supports lateral arch
167
Abductor Digiti Quinti | Nerve Supply
Lateral plantar nerve
168
Abductor Hallucis | Origin
Calcaneus
169
Abductor Hallucis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx digit 1
170
Abductor Hallucis | Action
1. Abducts digit 1 | 2. Supports medial arch
171
Abductor Hallucis | Nerve supply
Medial plantar nerve
172
Flexor Digitorum Brevis | Origin
Calcaneus
173
Flexor Digitorum Brevis | Insertion
Middle phalanges/ digit 2-5
174
Flexor Digitorum Brevis | Action
1. Flexes digits 2-5 | 2. Supports medial and lateral arch
175
Flexor Digitorum Brevis | Nerve supply
Medial plantar nerve
176
Lumbricals | Origin
Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
177
Lumbricals | Insertion
1. Tendons of extensor digitorum longus | 2. Proximal phalanx digit 2-5
178
Lumbricals | Action
1. Flexes MP joints of digits 2-5 | 2. Extends IP joints of digits 2-5
179
Lumbricals | Nerve supply
First lumbrical- medial plantar nerve | 2-4 lumbrical- lateral plantar nerve
180
Quadratus Plantae | Origin
Calcaneus
181
Quadratus Plantae | Insertion
Tendons of flexor digitorum longus
182
Quadratus Plantae | Action
Assists flexion of digits 2-5
183
Quadratus Plantae | Nerve supply
Lateral plantar nerve
184
Adductor Hallucis | Origin
1. Oblique head; metatarsals 2-4 and tendons of fibularis longus 2. Transverse head; lateral 4 MP joints
185
Adductor Hallucis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx digit 1
186
Adductor Hallucis | Action
1. Adducts digit 1 2. Flexes digit 1 3. Supports transverse arch
187
Adductor Hallucis | Nerve supply
Lateral plantar nerve
188
Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis | Origin
1. Cuboid 2. 5th metatarsal 3. Tendon of fibularis longus
189
Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx digit 5
190
Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis | Action
Flexes digit 5
191
Flexor Digiti Quinti Brevis | Nerve supply
Lateral plantar nerve
192
Flexor Hallucis Brevis | Origin
1. Cuboid | 2. Cuneiforms
193
Flexor Hallucis Brevis | Insertion
Proximal phalanx digit 1
194
Flexor Hallucis Brevis | Action
1. Flexes digit 1 | 2. Supports medial arch
195
Flexor Hallucis Brevis | Nerve supply
Medial plantar nerve

Gross Anatomy (18 decks)

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