Flashcards in Exam 5-Stimulants Deck (56)
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1
What are the two main systems that are indicated for the use of stimulants?
CNS and respiratory systems...stimulants are primarily used as an antidote for depression in these systems..."ANALEPTIC"
2
Which class of stimulants are primarily used for asthma to reverse respiratory depression (bronchodilators)?
Xanthenes
3
Which class of stimulants are primarily for hyperkinetic children?
Centrally acting sympatho-mimetics (amphetamine)
4
Which class of stimulant is primarily used for diagnostic purposes?
convulsants
5
What are the three examples of Xanthenes? (thank the lord Jesus for these!)
aminophylline, theophylline, and caffeine
6
I love this shit- 12 oz can of Coke = ____ mg caffeine
50 mg
7
I love this shit- 1 cup coffee = ___ mg caffeine
85 mg
8
I love this shit- 1 cup tea = ___ mg caffeine + _______
50 mg caffeine + theophylline!
9
___-____ mg of caffeine or theophylline is needed to increase cortical activity (1 to 4 cups of coffee) (while the OTC pill forms have ____-____ mg of caffeine
50-200 mg...100-200 mg
10
Stimulant potency....Cerebral cortex = ___-___ mg (small dose produces effect = more potent)...Brain stem = >___ mg (greater dose required)...Spinal cord = _____ mg (highest dose required) = can lead to convulsions, SHAKINESS
50-200 mg....250 mg...1000 mg
11
Pharm effects of stimulants-Blood vessel _____...especially _____ and ______ blood vessels
dilation...coronary and peripheral
12
Pharm effects of stimulants- _____ receptor effect
beta-2
13
Caffeine ________ peripheral resistance and can therefore cause _____tension, but guess what _______ more potent than caffeine!! WHAA
decreases...hypotension... theophylline
14
HMMMMM while Caffeine dilates the peripheral and coronary vessels, it CONSTRICTS _______ blood vessels which is great for treating a _______!!
cerebral...headache!!!
15
Xanthenes also cause cardiac muscle stimulation via _____ receptors.. the overall effect is ______ cardiac output
beta 1...increased
16
Did you know? theophylline = inhibits _____ which increases perfusion
ADH
17
GOOD TO KNOW! Caffeine will cause arrhythmias in someone who is at risk for them, but does not produce them in a normal heart *
arrhythmias
18
Xanthene Pharm Effects- the Beta-2 effect. these drugs will _______ smooth muscle and will therefore broncho_______
relax...bronchoDilate
19
Xanthene Pharm Effects-Which xanthene is such a potent bronchodilator tha it is used to treat asthma?
Theophylline
20
Xanthene Pharm Effects- the ONLY instance where caffeine was more influential then theophylline is ______ contraction. This can lead to _____ in the neck.
skeletal muscle contraction..tension
21
Xanthene Pharm Effects- _______ by increasing GFR, inhibiting ADH and increasing perfusion to kidney
Diuresis
22
Xanthene Pharm Effects- _______ by increasing GFR, inhibiting ADH and increasing perfusion to kidney
Diuresis
23
The only two cases where caffeine is equal to or greater than in potency/efficacy of theophylline is _____ and _____.
CNS (equal), Skeletal Muscle (greater than)
24
The only two cases where caffeine is equal to or greater than in potency/efficacy of theophylline is _____ and _____.
CNS (equal), Skeletal Muscle (greater than)
25
Adverse reactions of Xanthenes-_____tenison and _____ forming.
hypotension and habit forming
26
Adverse reactions of Xanthenes-_____tenison and _____ forming.
hypotension and habit forming
27
Caffeine toxicity NOOOOO! ____ mg required to produce toxicity.
300 mg
28
INTERESTING! _____ or more cups of caffeine daily produces physical dependence (_____ mg /day > 6 cups of coffee = 510 mg)
5...600 mg
29
Caffeine- ______ syndrome begins within 24 hours of discontinuance and you can develop ______ to the effects. NOOOOOOO
withdrawl...tolerance
30
