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HUBS191 > Exam Endochrine > Flashcards

Exam Endochrine Flashcards

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1
Q

BGL range fasting

A

3.5-6 mmol/L

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2
Q

BGL range non-fasting

A

3.5-8 mmol/L

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3
Q

Sodium range

A

135-145 mmol/L

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4
Q

Calcium range

A

2.2-2.6 mmol/L

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5
Q

Potassium range

A

3.5-5 mmol/L

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6
Q

ECF osmolarity

A

275-300 mmol/L

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7
Q

TSH

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone

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8
Q

ACTH

A

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

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9
Q

PRL

A

Prolactin

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10
Q

FSH

A

Follicle-stimulating hormone

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11
Q

LH

A

Luteinising hormone

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12
Q

MSH

A

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

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13
Q

Tyrosine turns into

A

Catecholamines
Thyroid hormones

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14
Q

Tryptophan turns into

A

Serotonin
Melatonin

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15
Q

Catecholamines

A

Adrenaline
Noradrenaline
Dopamine

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16
Q

Peptide hormone length

A

3-49 amino acids

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17
Q

Protein hormone length

A

50-200 amino acids

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18
Q

Protein and peptide hormones synthesised

A

On ribosomes of RER

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19
Q

Posterior pituitary gland made from

A

Neural tissue
Pituicytes

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20
Q

hGH made by

A

Somatotrophs in anterior

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21
Q

hGH causes liver to form

A

IGFs

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22
Q

ADH stimulus

A

Increased ECF osmolarity

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23
Q

Neurogenic diabetes insipidus caused by

A

Insufficient ADH secretion

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24
Q

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus caused by

A

Kidneys not responding well to ADH

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25
Which diabetes insipidus is genetic?
Nephrogenic
26
GHIH stimulus
Increased BGL, fatty acids, and somatomedins Aging
27
Calcitonin secreted by
Parafolicular cells
28
Calcitonin stimulus
Increased ECF Ca++ conc
29
TRH
Thyrotropin releasing hormone
30
What controls thyroid hormone secretion?
TRH
31
TRH stimulus
Low metabolic rate Prolonged cold exposure
32
TRH causes release of
TSH
33
TSH
Thyroid stimulating hormone
34
Thyroid hormones act on
Mitochondria Nucleus
35
Graves’ disease
Autoimmune hypothyroidism
36
PTH stimulus
Low blood Ca++ conc
37
PTH produced by
Chief/principal cells in parathyroid glands
38
Stimulates formation of calcitriol
PTH
39
Calcitriol a.k.a
Active vitamin D
40
7-dehydrocholesterol ->
Cholecalciferol (with UV)
41
Cholecalciferol a.k.a
Vitamin D
42
Cholecalciferol ->
25HCC (in liver)
43
25HCC ->
1.25DHCC
44
1.25DHCC a.k.a
Active vitamin D
45
Rickets and osteomalacia caused by
Lack of vitamin D
46
Zona glomerulosa produces
Aldosterone
47
Outer layer of cortex
Zona glomerulosa
48
Middle layer of cortex
Zona fasciculata
49
Inner layer of cortex
Zona reticularis
50
Aldosterone stimulus
High K+ Low Na+ Angiotensin II
51
Zona fasciculata secretes
Glucocorticoids
52
Zona reticularis secretes
Adrenal androgens
53
Chromaffin cells in medulla secrete
Catecholamines
54
nAChRs
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in chromaffin cells
55
Neurotransmitter released onto nAChRs
ACh
56
Adrenal medulla tumor
Phaeochromocytoma
57
CRH
Corticotrophin releasing hormone
58
ACTH
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone
59
CRH -> ________ -> ________
CRH -> ACTH -> cortisol
60
CRH secreted by
Hypothalamic neurons
61
ACTH secreted by
Corticotrope cells in anterior pituitary
62
Cushing’s syndrome due to
Excess glucocorticoids
63
Cushing’s disease due to
Overproduction if ACTH
64
Adenoma
Benign
65
Carcinoma
Malignant
66
Addisons disease caused by
Adrenal gland not producing enough hormones
67
Insulins effect on skeletal muscle without exercise
Increased glycogen synthesis Increased protein synthesis
68
Insulins effect on fat
Inhibits lipolysis
69
Insulins effect on liver
Inhibits glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

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