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HUBS191 > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

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1
Q

IgG

A

Opsonises/neutralises

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2
Q

Only Ig that crosses placenta

A

IgG

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3
Q

IgG targets

A

Virus and bacteria

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4
Q

Most abundant Ig in blood

A

IgG

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5
Q

IgA

A

Defence of mucous membranes

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6
Q

Ig present in breast milk

A

IgA

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7
Q

IgA targets

A

Virus and bacteria

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8
Q

IgA present in

A

Secretions

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9
Q

IgM

A

Activates complement
Acts as BCR

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10
Q

IgM targets

A

Extracellular bacteria

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11
Q

IgM location

A

Expressed in naive B cells

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12
Q

First Ig produced after exposure to antigen

A

IgM

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13
Q

IgE

A

Allergic reactions

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14
Q

IgE targets

A

Multicellular parasites

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15
Q

IgE found

A

In blood in low concentrations

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16
Q

Which Ig activates mast cells for parasite immunity and allergic response?

A

IgE

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17
Q

IgD

A

Acts as BCR with IgM

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18
Q

IgD location

A

Expressed on naive B cells

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19
Q

Epidermis made of

A

Dead cells
Keratin
Phagocytic cells

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20
Q

Dermis made of

A

Connective tissue
Collagen
Blood vessels
Phagocytic cells

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21
Q

Mucous membrane made of

A

Mucous layer
Epithelium
Fibrous connective tissue

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22
Q

Columnar cells have ___ cilia

A

200-300

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23
Q

Antimicrobial peptides found

A

On skin
Sometimes in mucous membranes

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24
Q

Humoral immunity relies on antibodies made by

A

B cells

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25
Cellular immunity relies on antibodies made by
T cells
26
Humoral and cellular immunities are innate/adaptive
Adaptive
27
Blood % that is plasma and formed elements
55% plasma 45% formed elements
28
Plasma made of
Proteins (including antibodies) Water Solutes
29
Formed elements made of
Platelets Red blood cells White blood cells
30
All adaptive immune cells are made through ____ lineage
Lymphoid
31
Neutrophils make up ___% of white blood cells
75%
32
Mast cells location
Line mucosal surfaces
33
Monocytes location
Blood
34
Macrophages 3 functions
Phagocytosis Release chemical messengers Info about pathogens to T cells (more dendritic)
35
Dendritic cells location
Blood and all areas in contact with environment
36
Cell wall bacteria building blocks
Liposaccharide Lipoteichoic acid
37
Nucleic acid bacteria building blocks
Unmethylated CpG DNA
38
Toll like receptors found
In and on innate cells
39
Fever signalled by
Pyrogen interleukin-1
40
Phagocytosed microbes killed by
Low pH H2O2 Nitric oxide Enzymes
41
All three complement pathways make
C3 convertase
42
C9 responsible for
Formation of MAC
43
C3a and C5a responsible for
Degranulation of mast cells to release inflammatory mediators
44
C3b function
Labels pathogens
45
Which receptors can change gene expression?
Chemokine Cytokine
46
Which receptors can activate molecules that direct cell movement?
Chemokine
47
MHC-I is for
Endogenous antigen
48
MHC-I found
On all nucleated cells
49
MHC-II is for
Exogenous antigen
50
MHC-II found
On antigen presenting cells
51
Antibodies broken into peptides ___ amino acids long
10-25
52
T cell activation occurs at
Lymph nodes
53
What is pumped into phagocytes?
Proteolytic enzymes Proteins
54
Peptide loading for MHC-I takes place
In ER
55
Peptide loading for MHC-II takes place
In phagolysosome
56
MHC-II is for CD
CD4
57
Memory T cells formed after
T cell activation
58
For adaptive, which response is more powerful?
Secondary
59
For innate, which response is more powerful?
Both the same
60
B cells have ____ BCRs
~100,000
61
BCR is membrane anchored via
Transmembrane domain
62
Three functions of antibody
Neutralisation Opsonisation Complement activation
63
Native antigen
Doesn’t have to be processed into a peptide
64
SCID patients lack
Functional B and T cells
65
Which system does SCID primarily affect?
Adaptive
66
HIV targets/kills
CD4 T cells
67
Autoimmune diseases mainly due to ________ system going wrong
Adaptive
68
FcR
Mast cell receptors
69
Isotope switching occurs
At lymph nodes
70
CTL kills infected cells using
Perforin Granzyme
71
Secondary immune responses are characterised by predominance of
IgG IgA IgE
72
Antibodies rearranged in
Bone marrow

HUBS191 (10 decks)

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