Exam Three - visual motor

Question 1

duction

Answer 1

eye movement of one eye

Question 2

intorsion

Answer 2

medial rotation of the eye around its axis

Question 3

extorsion

Answer 3

top of eye rotates away from the nose

Question 4

dextroversion

Answer 4

move both eyes to the right

Question 5

levoversion

Answer 5

both eyes move left

Question 6

version

Answer 6

both eyes move

Question 7

vergence

Answer 7

eyes moving in opposite directions
convergences and divergences

Question 8

extraocular muscles

Answer 8

1 - lateral rectus
2 - superior rectus
3 - superior oblique
4 - medial rectus
5 - inferior rectus
6 - inferior oblque

Question 9

what muscles do CN 3 innervate

Answer 9

medial, superior, and inferior rectus
inferior oblique

Question 10

what muscle does CN4 innervate

Answer 10

superior oblique

Question 11

what muscle does CN 6 innervate

Answer 11

lateral rectus

Question 12

lateral rectus action

Answer 12

pulls eye laterally

Question 13

medial rectus action

Answer 13

pulls eyes medially

Question 14

superior rectus action

Answer 14

brings eye laterally and up

Question 15

inferior rectus action

Answer 15

brings eye laterally and down

Question 16

inferior oblique

Answer 16

brings eye medially and up

Question 17

superior oblique action

Answer 17

brings eye medially and down

Question 18

3 muscles of the eye lid

Answer 18

1 - levator palperbral (CN3)
2 - orbicularis oculi (CN2)
3 - tarsal muscles

Question 19

where does CN3 nucleus arise from

Answer 19

midbrain

Question 20

what composes the oculomotor complex

Answer 20

1 - oculomotor nucleus
2 - caudal central nucleus
3 - Edinger-westphal nucleus

Question 21

what is right next to the MLF

Answer 21

trochlear nucleus

Question 22

abducens has connections with oculomotor via ______ for conjugate movements for lateral gaze

Answer 22

MLF

Question 23

functional classes of human eye movement

Answer 23

1 - vestibular
2 - visual fixation
3 - optokinetic
4 - smooth pursuit
5 - nystagmus quick phases
6 - saccades
7 - vergence

Question 24

this holds images of the seen world steady on the retina during brief rotations or translations. compensatory for high frequency head movements

Answer 24

vestibular

Question 25

this holds images of a stationary object on the fovea by minimizing ocular drifts

Answer 25

visual fixation

Question 26

this holds images of seen world steady on the retina during sustained head rotations

Answer 26

optokinetic

Question 27

this resets the eyes during prolonged rotation and direct gaze towards the oncoming visual scene

Answer 27

nystagmus

Question 28

this brings images of objects of interest onto the fovea

Answer 28

saccades

Question 29

this moves the eyes in opposite directions so that images of a single object are placed or help simultaneously on the fovea

Answer 29

vergence

Question 30

retinal slip

Answer 30

difference between eye velocity and head velocity

Question 31

for normal vision retinal slip must be less than

Answer 31

2deg/sec

Question 32

retinal error induces this

Answer 32

saccadic eye movement which brings fovea to the target

Question 33

T or F: cervico-ocular reflex has a low gain

Answer 33

T note: it may help people with labrinthine dysfunction

Question 34

optokinetic system

Answer 34

supplements the translation of the VOR combo of saccade and smooth pursuit eye movements to hold gaze on an object during self-motion

Question 35

smooth pursuit

Answer 35

a type of voluntary eye movement in which the eyes move smoothly to follow a moving object

Question 36

T or F: smooth pursuit is affected by vestibular loss

Answer 36

F

Question 37

damage to the smooth pursuit system is often caused by

Answer 37

cerebellar lesions

Question 38

what is one important function of saccades

Answer 38

visual search of environment

Question 39

where is the horizontal gaze center located

Answer 39

paramedian pontine reticular formation

Question 40

where is the vertical gaze center located

Answer 40

midbrain rostral interstitial nucleus

Question 41

activation of the gaze centers results in

Answer 41

oblique saccadic movement

Question 42

the ___ and _____ provide complementary pathways for the control of saccades

Answer 42

frontal eye lids superior colliculus

Question 43

3 physiological nystagmus causes

Answer 43

1 - vestibular induced 2 - visually induced 3 - extreme end point induced

Question 44

2 pathological nystagmus

Answer 44

spontaneous and positional

Question 45

what is the purpose of vergence

Answer 45

view near objects

Question 46

what are the 2 primary stimuli for vergence

Answer 46

1 - disparity 2 - retinal blur

Question 47

T or F: vergence movement is mainly performed unconsciously

Answer 47

T

Question 48

What CN are you testing when doing far to near vision

Answer 48

CN2 and 3

Question 49

unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy: lesion on GSE components

Answer 49

ptosis affected eye will abduct and depress

Question 50

unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy: lesion on GVE components

Answer 50

loss of pupillary light reflex resting pupil is large

Question 51

mydriasis

Answer 51

dilated pupils

Question 52

what may cause CN3 palsy

Answer 52

congenital ischemia aneurysm tumor

Question 53

this accounts for most causes of acquired vertical stabismus

Answer 53

CN4 palsy

Question 54

CN4 palsy

Answer 54

vertical and torsional diplopia that is worse when looking down the effected eye will elevate and extort

Question 55

this is the most common ocular motor palsy

Answer 55

CN6 palsy

Question 56

CN6 palsy

Answer 56

medially directed eye that cannot abduct horizontal diplopia

Question 57

strabismus

Answer 57

misalignment of visual axes diplopia

Question 58

any interruption in the sympathetic system to the eye will result in this

Answer 58

Horner's syndrome

Question 59

T or F: symptoms of horner's syndrome occur on the contralateral side of lesion

Answer 59

F: ipsilateral

Question 60

symptoms of horner's syndrome

Answer 60

ptosis, miosis, anhidrosis, enophthalamus

Question 61

anhidrosis

Answer 61

abnormal condition of no sweat

Question 62

enophthalamus

Answer 62

sunken eyes