Eye and Ear

Question 1

white part of the eye

Answer 1

sclera

Question 2

sclera is covered by

Answer 2

conjunctiva

Question 3

iris and pupil are covered by

Answer 3

cornea

Question 4

junction between cornea and sclera

Answer 4

limbus or corneal scleral junction

Question 5

the eye’s outermost lens

Answer 5

the cornea

Question 6

cornea function

Answer 6

refracts light onto the lens

Question 7

lens function

Answer 7

further refracts light onto the retina

Question 8

percentage of focusing power provided by cornea

Answer 8

65-75

Question 9

myopia aka

Answer 9

near-sightedness

Question 10

hyperopia aka

Answer 10

far-sightedness

Question 11

cause of myopia

Answer 11

an eyeball that is too long or a cornea that is too curved resulting in the focal point falling short of the retina

Question 12

cause of hyperopia

Answer 12

an eyeball that is too short or a cornea that is too flat resulting in light focal point falling behind the retina

Question 13

presbyopia

Answer 13

age-related change in elasticity of lens resulting in hyperopia

Question 14

what is radial keratotomy

Answer 14

surgery to alter shape of cornea

Question 15

conjunctiva definition

Answer 15

thin, transparent mucosa that covers the exposed anterior portion of sclera and inner surface of eyelids

Question 16

conjunctiva functions

Answer 16

lubricates and keeps structures moist and provides barrier protection

Question 17

aqueous humor is produced by

Answer 17

ciliary body

Question 18

course of aqueous humor

Answer 18

produced continuously and flows toward lens, passing between it and iris to reach anterior chamber through pupil

Question 19

etiology of glaucoma

Answer 19

an obstruction prevents the normal drainage of aqueous humor , causing elevated intraocular pressure and compression on the optic nerve

Question 20

acute/closed angle glaucoma

Answer 20

flow of aqueous from posterior to anterior chamber is obstructed by iris tissue

Question 21

chronic/open angle glaucoma

Answer 21

drainage of aqueous through trabecular network is impaired

Question 22

which kind of glaucoma is more common

Answer 22

chronic/open angle

Question 23

what is it called when the pressure is increased but no visual impairment or optic nerve damage is present

Answer 23

ocular hypertension

Question 24

what regulates the shape of the lens during accommodation

Answer 24

ciliary body and zonular fibers

Question 25

light rays from a distant object are focused on the retina by a ____ lens

Answer 25

flattened

Question 26

2 layers of smooth muscle in the iris

Answer 26

dilator pupillae, sphincter pupillae

Question 27

what is the optic disc

Answer 27

where the axons from the ganglion cells of the retina exit the eye to form the optic nerve and retinal blood vessels enter and leave the eye

Question 28

what is the fovea

Answer 28

a small pit in the center of the macula that is responsible for high acuity vision

Question 29

what is the vestibule of the ear

Answer 29

central cavity of the bony labyrinth of the ear that contains uricle and saccule and mediates sense of equilibrium

Question 30

what are the semicircular canals

Answer 30

extend posteriorly from the vestibule and also regulate equilibrium, have a dilatation called ampulla

Question 31

what are the cochlea

Answer 31

coils around a central pillar of bone containing the cochlear duct, mediates sense of hearing