Neck

Question 1

2 fascias of neck

Answer 1

superficial and deep cervical fascia

Question 2

location of superficial fascia

Answer 2

between skin and deep cervical fascia

Question 3

contents of superficial fascia

Answer 3

superficial veins (including external jugulars), lymph nodes, adipose tissue, platysma muscle

Question 4

layers of deep cervical fascia

Answer 4

investing layer, prevertebral layer, pretracheal layer, carotid sheaths

Question 5

investing layer

Answer 5

surrounds all structures in the neck

Question 6

contents of prevertebral layer

Answer 6

vertebral column, deep muscles of neck

Question 7

contents of pretracheal layer

Answer 7

viscera of neck (pharynx, esophagus, thyroid gland, trachea)

Question 8

posterior part of pretracheal layer aka

Answer 8

buccopharyngeal fascia

Question 9

contents carotid sheaths

Answer 9

neurovascular bundles (common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve)

Question 10

location of pretracheal space

Answer 10

between investing layer and pretracheal layer

Question 11

location of retropharyngeal space

Answer 11

between buccopharyngeal layer and prevertebral layer

Question 12

location of third space

Answer 12

within anterior prevertebral fascia covering vertebral bodies

Question 13

boundaries of anterior triangle

Answer 13

anterior border of sternocleidomastoid, inferior mandible, midline of neck

Question 14

boundaries of posterior triangle

Answer 14

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid, anterior border of trapezius, clavicle

Question 15

function of suprahyoid muscles

Answer 15

raise the hyoid bone toward mandible during swallowing

Question 16

innervation of suprahyoid muscles

Answer 16

facial or trigeminal nerve

Question 17

function of infrahyoid muscles

Answer 17

depress hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing and vocalization

Question 18

innervation of infrahyoid muscles

Answer 18

ansa cervicalis

Question 19

location of scalene muscles

Answer 19

in posterior triangle

Question 20

function of scalene muscles

Answer 20

accessory muscles of respiration, neck flexion

Question 21

innervation of scalene muscles

Answer 21

branches of cervical spinal nerves

Question 22

what passes between anterior and middle scalene muscles

Answer 22

brachial plexus and subclavian artery

Question 23

location of thyroid gland

Answer 23

visceral compartment of neck inferior to thyroid cartilage, isthmus crosses anterior surfaces of second and third tracheal cartilages

Question 24

components of thyroid gland

Answer 24

two lobes and an isthmus

Question 25

thyroid gland is surrounded by

Answer 25

pretracheal fascia

Question 26

blood supply to thyroid gland

Answer 26

superior thyroid artery, inferior thyroid artery

Question 27

venous drainage from thyroid gland

Answer 27

internal jugular or brachiocephalic

Question 28

first branch of external carotid artery

Answer 28

superior thyroid artery

Question 29

inferior thyroid artery location

Answer 29

branch of thyrocervical trunk off the subclavian artery

Question 30

thyroid gland is closely associated with

Answer 30

recurrent laryngeal nerves

Question 31

course of recurrent laryngeal nerves near thyroid gland

Answer 31

pass deep to the lateral lobes of thyroid and enter larynx

Question 32

parathyroid glands location

Answer 32

deep surface of lateral lobes of thyroid gland

Question 33

parathyroid glands function

Answer 33

produce parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium levels

Question 34

where does the common carotid artery split

Answer 34

the level of the thyroid cartilage

Question 35

course of internal carotid artery

Answer 35

does not give off any branches and enters skull to supply brain

Question 36

branches of external carotid

Answer 36

superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occipital, posterior auricular, maxillary

Question 37

terminal branch of external carotid

Answer 37

superficial temporal

Question 38

cervical plexus is formed from

Answer 38

anterior rami of C1-C4 spinal nerves

Question 39

location of cervical plexus

Answer 39

posterior triangle

Question 40

function of cervical plexus

Answer 40

supplies motor and sensory innervation to structures in neck and trunk

Question 41

two important motor branches of cervical plexus

Answer 41

phrenic nerve, ansa cervicalis

Question 42

phrenic nerve origin

Answer 42

C3-C5

Question 43

ansa cervicalis origin

Answer 43

C1-C3

Question 44

ansa cervicalis function

Answer 44

motor innervation to infrahyoid muscles

Question 45

sensory innervation of cervical plexus

Answer 45

skin of neck, upper thorax, scalp, ear

Question 46

where do sensory nerves of cervical plexus enter the skin

Answer 46

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle (Erb's point)

Question 47

site of cervical nerve block

Answer 47

Erb's point

Question 48

major sensory branches of cervical plexus

Answer 48

lesser occipital, greater auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular