Flashcards in facial bones study guide Deck (98)
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How many facial bones are there
14
1
Know what facial bones there are two of
◾️nasal
◾️lacrimal
◾️zygomatic
◾️palatine
◾️inferior nasal conchae
◾️maxillary
2
Which bones make the bridge of the nose
Nasal bones
3
Which facial bones are the smallest in the skull
Lacrimal
4
What is the purpose of the lacrimal foramen
Where the tear duct passes
5
Which facial bones are the largest immovable bones
Maxillary
6
The body of the maxilla contains the
Maxillary sinus
7
Where is the infraorbital foramen located? What bone is it on? What structure is it located under?
➡️located on the maxillary bone under each orbit
8
What is the alveolar process?
Inferior borders of spongy bone that support roots of teeth
9
The anterior nasal spine is part of what bone
Maxillary
10
The anterior nasal spine correlates with what landmark
Midline junction of maxillary
Acanthion
11
The prominence of the cheeks is formed by the
Zygomatic
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Which process is part of the zygomatic bone
Temporal process
13
The zygomatic arch is formed by which two processes
Temporal and zygomatic
14
The L shaped facial bones are
Palatine
15
Which facial bone is scroll shaped
Inferior nasal conchae
16
The vomer forms what part of the nasal septum
Inferior nasal septum
17
What is the largest bone and densest bone of the face
Mandible
18
What portion is the body of the mandible
Horizontal
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What portion is the rami of the mandible
Vertical
20
The angle of the mandible is also known as the
Gonion
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The bump on the lower front of the mandible is called
Mental protuberance
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The area where the right and left halves of the mandible have fused is called
Symphysis
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Where the mental foramina located
Halfway between superior/inferior borders below 2nd premolar teeth
24
The mandibular notch is located between what two structures
Coronoid and condylar process
25
In the mandible which process is anterior and which is posterior?
➡️anterior-coronoid
➡️posterior- condylar
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The condyle of the mandible articulates with what to form the TMJ?
Mandibular fossa of temporal bone
27
What shape is the hyoid bone?
U shaped
28
Where is the hyoid bone located?
Base of tongue
29
Does the hyoid bone attach to any other bone?
No
30
Can you do lateral facial bones upright or lying on the table?
Semi prone or seated upright
31
If you do the lateral facial bones on the table what position will the patients body be in?
Semiprone
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On the lateral facial bone the MSP is _____ to the IR when doing a lateral skull
Parallel
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The interpupillary line is _______ to the IR when doing a lateral skull
Perpendicular
34
The IOML is _____ to the IR when doing a lateral skull
Parallel
35
How do you place the film for lateral facial bones
Lengthwise
36
A right lateral demonstrates _____ side and the left lateral demonstrates the ____ side
◾️right
◾️left
37
What bone should be in the center of the lateral facial bone image
Zygomatic bone
38
What is superimposed on the lateral facial bones image
Mandibular rami and orbital roofs
39
What is touching the IR on the lateral facial image
Side of head
40
What is the CR for lateral facial bones
Perpendicular; enters pt on lateral surface of zygomatic bone halfway between the outer canthus and EAM
41
What structures do you see on the lateral facial bones
⚫️all facial bones entirely
⚫️zygomatic bone in center
⚫️SI mandibular rami
⚫️SI orbital roofs
⚫️no rotation of sella turcia
42
In the parietocanthial (waters) projection what will touch the IR
Chin
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In the parietocanthial (waters) projection Where will the CR enter/exit?
Perpendicular; exit acanthion
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In the parietocanthial (waters) projection the MML should be ____ to IR
Perpendicular
45
In the parietocanthial (waters) projection the OML should be ____ to the IR
37 angle
46
In the parietocanthial (waters) projection the MSP should be ____ to the IR
Perpendicular
47
In the parietocanthial (waters) projection where should the petrous ridges be seen
Below maxillary sinuses
48
In the parietocanthial (waters) projection you should collimator to the
Facial bones
49
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection what will touch the IR
Back of head
50
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection where will the CR enter/exit?
Enters acanthion
51
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection the MML should be ____ to the IR
Perpendicular
52
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection the OML should be ___ to the IR
37 angle
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In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection the MSP should be ____ to the IR
Perpendicular
54
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection where should the petrous ridges be seen
Immediately below maxillary sinus
55
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection you should collimator to the
Facial bones
56
In the acanthioparietal (reverse waters) projection for trauma what do you do differently
Adjusting the CR so that it enters the acanthion while remaining parallel with the MML
57
What's the difference in the waters and reverse waters images?
In the reverse waters the facial bones will be more magnified due to increased OID
58
How do you know this a Pa axial skull
Petrous ridges in the lower third of orbits
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In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) the OML is ____ to IR
Perpendicular
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In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) the MSP is _____ to the IR
Perpendicular
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In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) what is touching the IR
Forehead and nose
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In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) where does the CR exit
Nasion
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In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) do you angle the cr if so hoe much and what direction?
15 caudal
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In the PA axial skull (Caldwell) what structures do you see on this image?
Petrous ridges in the lower third
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In the lateral nasal bones what patient position is used for this
Semi prone can be done upright
66
In the lateral nasal bones what lines do you use
◾️MSP parallel to tabletop
◾️IPL perpendicular to tabletop
◾️IOML parallel to IR
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In the lateral nasal bones MSP ____ to tabletop
Parallel
68
In the lateral nasal bones IPL ___ to tabletop
Perpendicular
69
In the lateral nasal bones IOML ___ to IR
Parallel
70
In the lateral nasal bones what's the CR
Perpendicular to bridge of nose
Enters 1/2 distal to nasion
71
In the lateral nasal bones what needs to be included on the image
◾️anterior nasal spine
◾️nasal bones
◾️nasal septum
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In the lateral nasal bones what type of technique will you use
Finger
73
In the lateral nasal bones is it done tabletop or Bucky?
Tabletop
74
In the SMV(Submentovertical) the IOML ___ with IR
Parallel
75
In the SMV(Submentovertical) MSP is ____ to IR
Perpendicular
76
In the SMV(Submentovertical) what is touching the IR
Top of head
77
In the SMV(Submentovertical) where does the CR enter or exit? You need to know both
Enters MSP of throat at a level 1 inch posterior to outer canthus/midway between condyles if mandible
Exit vertex
78
In the SMV(Submentovertical) the CR should pass at a level approximately ____ to the outer canthus
1 inch posterior
79
In the SMV(Submentovertical) preferably do this with the patient seated upright or supine?
Upright
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In the SMV(Submentovertical) what structures do you see
◾️zygomatic arches free from overlying structures
◾️zygomatic arches symmetric and without foreshadowing
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In the SMV(Submentovertical) do you decrease or increase exposure factors
Decrease
82
In the tangential zygomatic arch the IOML ___ to the IR
Parallel
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In the tangential zygomatic arch MSP ___ to IR
15 toward side being examined
84
In the tangential zygomatic arch what is touching the IR
Top of head
85
In the tangential zygomatic arch the CR should pass at a level approximately to ____ the outer canthus
1 inch posterior
86
In the tangential zygomatic arch the cr is centered over the
Zygomatic arch
87
In the tangential zygomatic arch preferably do this with the patient upright or supine
Upright
88
In the tangential zygomatic arch what structures do you see on this image?
◾️zygomatic arches free of overlying structures
◾️zygomatic arch not over exposed
89
In the tangential zygomatic arch rotate the MSP ____ degrees ___ the side being examined. Then tilt the top of the head _____ degrees _____ from the side being examined. Why do we do this?
In the tangential zygomatic arch rotate the MSP 15 degrees toward the side being examined. Then tilt the top of the head 15 degrees away from the side being examined.
To ensure the CR is tangent to the lateral surface of the skull
90
In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches OML is ____ or the IOML is _____ to IR
Perpendicular
91
In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches MSP is _____ to IR
Perpendicular
92
In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches what is touching the IR
Back of the head
93
In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches where does the CR enter
Enter glabella
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In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches if using OML then the cr angle will be ___
30
95
In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches if using the IOML thence angle will be
37
96
In the AP axial (Townes method) for zygomatic arches what structures do you see on this image
⚫️no overlap of zygomatic arches by mandible
⚫️no rotation evident because arches are symmetric
⚫️zygomatic arches projected lateral to mandibular rami
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