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spring 2015 > skull anatomy test study guide > Flashcards

skull anatomy test study guide Flashcards

0
Q

How many bones are cranial bones?

A

8

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1
Q

How many bones make up the skull?

A

22

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2
Q

How many bones are facial bones?

A

14

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3
Q

The cranial bones are divided into two categories, what are they?

A

Calvaria and floor

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4
Q

Which bones are bones of the Calvaria?

A

◾️frontal
◾️occipital
◾️right parietal
◾️left parietal

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5
Q

Which bones are cranial floor bones?

A

◾️ethmoid
◾️sphenoid
◾️right temporal
◾️left temporal

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6
Q

Know what the Squama is on all bones?

A 
The main portion of the bone. Body of bone.
◾️occipital
◾️frontal
◾️parietal
◾️temporal
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7
Q

What’s the dipole?

A

Inner layer of spongy bone separating two outer plates of compact tissue

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8
Q

What are sutures?

A

Joints between the cranial bones

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9
Q

What are fontanelles?

A

Areas of incomplete ossification in infant skulls.

➡️There are 6.

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10
Q

Where’s the coronal suture?

A

Between frontal and parietal bones

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11
Q

Where is the sagittal suture?

A

On top of head between two parietal bones

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12
Q

Where’s the squamosal suture?

A

Between temporal bone and parietal bones

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13
Q

Where’s the lambdoidal suture?

A

between occipital and parietal bone

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14
Q

What is the Bregma?

A

Junction of coronal and sagittal sutures

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15
Q

What is the lambda?

A

Junction of sagittal and lambdoidal sutures

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16
Q

When adult cranial size is usually achieved?

A

By age 12

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17
Q

What are the 3 general regions of the cranial floor?

A

◾️anterior cranial fossa
◾️ middle cranial fossa
◾️posterior cranial fossa

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18
Q

What’s the glabella?

A

Smooth elevated arch between the supercillary arches

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19
Q

What are the orbital plates?

A

Roofs of the orbit

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20
Q

What’s the supraorbital foramen?

A

Opening in the center of the margin

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21
Q

What’s the supercillary arch?

A

Located where the eyebrows are

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22
Q

What are the supraorbital margins?

A

Superior part of orbit

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23
Q

What’s the frontal eminence?

A

Rounded elevation on either side

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24
Q

What’s the Squama?

A

Forms forehead and anterior part of cranial vault

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25
Q

What are the frontal bone parts?

A 
◾️glabella
◾️orbital plates
◾️supraorbital foramen
◾️supercillary arch
◾️supraorbital margins 
◾️frontal eminence
◾️Squama
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26
Q

What are some ethmoid parts?

A 
◾️superior and middle nasal conchae
◾️labyrinths
◾️perpendicular plate
◾️Cristi galli
◾️Cribiform plate
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27
Q

What’s the superior and middle nasal conchae?

A

Two thin scroll shaped projections

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28
Q

What’s the labyrinths?

A

Contains the ethmoid sinuses or air cells

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29
Q

What’s the perpendicular plate?

A

Vertical portion that forms the superior portion of bony nasal septum

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30
Q

What’s the Cristi galli?

A

Projects superiorly from midline

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31
Q

What’s the cribiform plate?

A

Horizontal portion with many small holes in it for transmission of the olfactory nerves

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32
Q

What is the parietal bone surrounded by?

A

4 sutures of the skull

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33
Q

What is the parietal eminence?

A

Prominent bulge near center of external surface of each bone

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34
Q

What shape is the sphenoid?

A

Wedge shaped or bat

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35
Q

Where does the pituitary gland sit?

A

By the anterior and posterior clinoid processes

➡️sella turcia

36
Q

What’s the pterygoid hamulus?

A

Help form the nasal cavity

37
Q

What’s the pterygoid process?

A

Help form the nasal cavity

38
Q

What’s the posterior clinoid process?

A

Top borders of dorsum sellae

39
Q

What’s the dorsum sellae?

A

Posterior part of sella turcia

40
Q

What’s the tuberculum sellae?

A

Anterior part of sella turcia

41
Q

What’s the sella turcia?

A

A deep depression on superior surface of the body

42
Q

What are the greater wings?

A

arise from the sides of the body and curve laterally

The bigger ones

43
Q

What are the lesser wings?

A

Triangular shaped and the most anterior horizontal part of the sphenoid

44
Q

What’s the clivus?

A

Slanted area of bone posterior and inferior to dorsum

➡️pons of brains lay on it

45
Q

What’s the body?

A

Center part of sphenoid contains the 2 sphenoid sinuses

46
Q

What’s the anterior clinoid process?

A

Two bony processes that project posteriorly from the medial ends of lesser wings

47
Q

What’s the optic foramen?

A

Located under lesser wings and projects into posterior orbit

➡️opens into the apex of the orbit

48
Q

What are some parts of the sphenoid?

A 
◾️pterygoid hamulus
◾️pterygoid process
◾️posterior clinoid process
◾️dorsum sellae
◾️tuberculum sellae
◾️sella turcia
◾️greater wings
◾️lesser wings
◾️clivus
◾️body
◾️anterior clinoid process
◾️optic foramen
49
Q

What are some parts of the occipital bone?

A

◾️occipitoatlantal joint
◾️foramen magnum
◾️basilar portion
◾️occipital condyles

50
Q

What’s the occipitoatlantal joint?

A

Only bony articulations between the skull and the neck

51
Q

What’s the foramen magnum?

A

Large opening through which medulla oblongata passes as it exits

52
Q

What’s the basilar portion?

A

Where occipital condyles fuse at to complete the foramen magnum

➡️occipital bone

53
Q

What are the occipital condyles?

A

They project anteriorly from each side of squama

54
Q

What’s some parts of the temporal bone?

A 
◾️petromastoid portion
◾️zygomatic process
◾️styloid process
◾️tympanic portion
◾️IAM
◾️petrous portion
◾️mastoid process
◾️EAM
◾️mandibular fossa
55
Q

What’s the petromastoid portion?

A

The petrous and mastoid portions together

➡️contains the organs of hearing and balance

56
Q

What’s the zygomatic process?

A

Prominent arched process that projects anteriorly to articulate with the zygoma and complete the zygomatic arch
➡️part of the zygomatic arch

57
Q

What’s the styloid process

A

Slender pointed bone projecting from the EAM

58
Q

What’s the tympanic portion?

A

Below the squama and in front of mastoid and petrous portions

59
Q

What’s IAM.?

A

Internal auditory meatus. Located at the medial end of the petrous ridge

➡️correlates with EAM but is inside the skull

60
Q

What is the Petrous portion?

A

Located internally, pyramid in shape, and the thickest densest bone in the cranium

➡️densest bone in the cranium

61
Q

What’s the mastoid process?

A

Large bony prominence located directly behind the EAM and contains the mastoid air cells

62
Q

What’s the EAM?

A

Outer opening into the ear

63
Q

What’s the mandibular fossa?

A

Receives condyles of mandible to form the tempormandibular (TMJ)

64
Q

Where’s the mastoid tip?

A

Bump behind the ear

65
Q

What is the ear?

A

The organ of hearing

66
Q

What’s the TEA? (Top of ear attachment)

A

Where ear attaches to head

67
Q

What’s the EAM?

A

External auditory meatus, opening into the ear

68
Q

What’s the mental point of the mandible?

A

Tip of chin

69
Q

What’s the gonion?

A

Angle of mandible

70
Q

What’s the EOP?

A

External occipital protuberance; bump on back of head

71
Q

What’s the acanthion?

A

Junction of the upper lip and nose

72
Q

What’s the supraorbital margin?

A

Upper border of orbit

73
Q

What’s the infraorbital margin?

A

Lower border of the orbit

74
Q

What’s the nasion?

A

Located at the junction of nose and frontal bones between the eyes depression

75
Q

What’s the outer canthus?

A

Outside corner of the eye

76
Q

Inner canthus?

A

Inside corner of eye

77
Q

Where’s the glabella?

A

Between eyebrows

78
Q

What’s the angle of mandible?

A

Gonion

79
Q

What’s the mentomeatal line? (MML)

A

Mental point ➡️ EAM

80
Q

What’s the acanthiomeatal line?(AML)

A

Acanthion➡️EAM

81
Q

What’s the IPL(interpupillary line)?

A

Perpendicular line between pupils of eyes

82
Q

What’s the glabellomeatal line? GML

A

Glabella➡️EAM

83
Q

What’s the infraorbital line? (IOML)

A

From infraorbital margin ➡️ EAM

84
Q

What’s the orbitomeatal line? OML

A

Outer canthus ➡️ EAM

85
Q

What’s the MSP?

A

Divides body into equal right and left halves

86
Q

What’s MCP?

A

Divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts

87
Q

Look over these diagrams

A

Pg 286
➡️20-34
➡️20-35

spring 2015 (43 decks)

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