Flashcards in physics chapter 4 part 1 Deck (58)
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Define electrostatics
The study of stationary electric charges
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Define electrodynamics
The study of electric charges in motion aka electricity
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Know three ways an object can be electrified
◾️friction
◾️contact
◾️induction
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Define electric potential
The ability to do work because of separation of charges
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Define current
An expression of the flow of electrons in a conductor
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Define resistance
The property of an element in a circuit that resists or impedes the flow of electricity
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What is electric potential measured in?
Volts
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Define volt
The potential difference that will maintain a current of 1 ampere in a circuit with a resistance of 1 ohm
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What is volt an expression of?
The difference in electric potential between two points
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What is current measured in?
Amperes
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Define ampere (& it's relationship to volt definition)
May be defined as 1 coulomb flowing by a given point in 1 second.
◾️The amount of current flowing with an electric potential of 1 volt in a circuit with a resistance of 1 ohm.
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What surrounds electrical current?
Magnetic field
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What are the 2 types of current?
◾️direct current
◾️alternating current
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What is DC?
Type of current that flows in only one direction
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How do electrons flow with DC?
Negative terminal to positive terminal
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What type of current supplies the X-ray tube?
Pulsating direct current
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What's AC?
Current that changes direction in cycles as the electric potential of the source changes
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What is resistance measured in?
Ohms
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Define ohm
The electrical difference equal to the resistance between two points along a conductor that produces a current of 1 ampere when a potential difference of 1 volts applied
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Know ohms law
Stated that the potential difference (voltage) across the total circuit or any part of that circuit is equal to the current (ampere) multiplied by the resistance
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What 4 things the amount of resistance in a conductor depends on?
◾️material
◾️length
◾️cross sectional area
◾️temperature
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What's a conductor?
Materials with an abundance of free electrons that allow a relatively free flow of electricity
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What are some examples of a conductor?
◾️copper
◾️gold
◾️water
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What's an insulator?
Has no free electrons and therefore not good conductors of electricity
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Examples of insulators
◾️rubber
◾️glass
◾️ceramic
◾️wood
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What's an electric circuit?
Closed pathway composed of wires and circuit elements through which electricity may flow
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What must happen for electricity to flow?
The pathway for electricity must be closed
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What's a closed circuit?
The pathway for electricity must be closed for electricity to flow
Switch is on
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What is an open circuit?
A circuit In which the pathway is broken, such as when a switch is turned off
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