Factors affecting obedience ~ Personality Flashcards
(34 cards)
1
Q
Dispositional factors
A
- people being more prone to obedience due to nature factors
2
Q
Rotters locus of control
A
- the idea that some people feel like they are entirely in control of their actions
- wheras others are victims of fate
3
Q
internal locus of control
A
- those who feel they are in control of what happens to them
4
Q
external locus of control
A
- those who feel helpless to control events
5
Q
internal locus of control traits
A
- perceive themselves as having personal control over their behaviour
- are more likely to take responsibility
- what happens to them is a product of their own ability and effort
- can succeed in stressful situations
- active seekers of information
- not likely to rely on others
- achievement oriented
- better leaders
- more likely to resist pressure
- less likely to obey / conform
6
Q
External locus of control traits
A
- behaviour is caused by external influences, e.g luck
- they are helpless in difficult situations
- more likely to be affected by authority figures with a high social status
- more likely to obey / conform
7
Q
Social influence research shows that people with strong moral convictions and those who have an internal locus of control are less likely to be influenced by others - how does this suggest we should encourage children to behave
A
- to act on moral principles
- develop a sense of responsibility
- resist against unjust influence
8
Q
Holland & Blass
A
- Used Milgrams procedure to study relationship between locus of control & obedience
- no relationship
9
Q
Blass reanalysed data - what was found
A
- people with internal locus of control were more likely to resist obeying than those with external locus of control
- participants with internal locus of control were especially resistant to obedience if they suspected they were being coerced by experimenter
10
Q
Blass - findings
A
- high internals = 37% disobedience
- high externals = 23% disobedience
11
Q
Evidence = Holland & Blass
A
- internal locus of control think independently and so are less likely to be coerced and blindly follow experimenter
- they will take more responsibility over their actions and will not take blame for administering shocks
- so they refuse
12
Q
Comparisons to agency theory
A
- autonomous state and internal locus of control are similar
- more likely to take responsibility
13
Q
Applications - locus of control
A
- understanding someones locus of control can help predict behaviour and how they may respond to authority
- those with an external locus of control follow orders without question and even when situations may be ethically questionable
- important in assigning leadership roles / group dynamics, e.g military
14
Q
A
15
Q
authotarian personality - who created
A
- adorno
16
Q
authoritarian personality - background
A
- nazis who took prejudice and obedience to an extreme level
- investigating anti semitism
- trying to understand treatments of Jewish people
- finding a link between collective ideologies
17
Q
link between authoritarian personality and obedience
A
- people with authoritarian personality
- more likely to be obedient
18
Q
who did adorno research
A
- childhood personalities of 2000 college students
- USA
- American white
- non Jewish middle class people
- teachers/nursed
19
Q
Adorno research methods
A
- Case studies e.g nazis
- F-scale
- clinical interview = situational factors
20
Q
what would adornos clinical interviews reveal
A
- childhood
- whether they were brought up by strict parents / guardians
21
Q
f - scale
A
- fascism scale
- determined likelihood for authoritarian personality
22
Q
examples of items on the f scale
A
- obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn
- when a person has a problem or worry or is best for him not to think about it but keep busy with more cheerful things
23
Q
Authoritarian personality - origin
A
- childhood influences
- punitive strict parents
- parents which demanded obedience
- strict discipline
- expectation of loyalty
- conditional love depends on child’s behavior
24
Q
How do people with authoritarian personality deal with strict parents
A
- displace anger onto safer targets
- minority groups
- those seen as being weak and unable to fight
- scapegoating
- outwardly idolize parents
- unconsciously loath them
25
traits high authoritarian personality
- value strength
- perceive world to be full of people who need to be defended
- obedience towards higher authority
- hatred to socially inferior people
26
Scoring high on f - scale traits
- conventionalism = rigid beliefs
- suspicious
- hostility to out groups
- intolerance of ambiguity
- submission to authority
- belief people can be divided into weak and strong
- authoritarian aggression
- obsessions with ranks
27
authoritarian aggression
- belief that anyone who challenges authority should be dealt with
- with aggression
28
evidence - authoritarian personality Elms procedure
- interviewed 2 groups of participants who participated in milgram
- 20 who stopped the experiment
- 20 who had completed the experiment
-
29
Elms results = obedient
- less close to fathers
- described fathers negatively
- punished by beatings of deprivation = love or dinner
- military work (had mostly shot at men)
- more authoritarian
29
30
elms - defiants
- received spankings or very little punishment
- defiants didn’t shoot at men if doing military work
31
elms overall results
a
32
f - scale
- psychometric test
- determines a person likelihood to be an authoritarian personality
33
example of an item that could occur on the f-scale
- obedience and respect for authority are the most important virtues children should learn
- some day it will probably be shown that astrology can explain a lot of things
