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ABA > FBA > Flashcards

FBA Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 components of informed consent?

A

Capacity, Information, Voluntariness

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2
Q

The purpose of conducting a functional assessment is to:

A

Obtain information of a particular behavior

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3
Q

What is the major assumption we make when conducting an FBA?

A

Behavior is functional

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4
Q

The major assumption we make when conducting an FBA followed what attitude of science?

A

Determinism/Lawfulness of Behavior

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5
Q

Systematically manipulating controlling variables is a part of which FBA method?

A

Functional Analysis

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6
Q

Observing the individual in the natural environment is a part of which FBA method?

A

Descriptive Assessment

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7
Q

Interviewing the individual and/others who know them best is a part of which FBA method?

A

Indirect Methods

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8
Q

What predictions do we hope to make about behavior when conducting an FBA?

A

Both conditions under which behavior is most likely to occur and consequences that maintain behavior

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9
Q

A mosquito be me on the arm. Now it itches! It feels better when I scratch it. Then a minute later it would itch again, so I scratch again?

A

Negative Reinforcement

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10
Q

What are the three levels of science?

A

Description, Prediction, Control

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11
Q

Behaviors with different topographies may serve similar functions

A

True

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12
Q

An FBA is the process of looking at relationships between the environment and behavior. (T/F?)

A

True

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13
Q

A functional analysis is the least rigorous method of behavior assessment. T/F?

A

False

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14
Q

The BACB recommends the use of ____________ to learn, maintain and generalize the skills needed to conduct FBAs.

A

Behavior Skills Training

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15
Q

The goal of a good FBA is to bring ___________ and __________ to otherwise chaotic and confusing situations.

A

Clarity and Understanding

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16
Q

It is acceptable for practitioners to conduct an FBA independently after attending a two-day workshop on the topic. T/F?

A

False

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17
Q

Behaviors that directly terminate aversive stimulation are maintained by __________

A

Automatic Negative Reinforcement

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18
Q

Current FBA research focuses on ____ of the behaviors and no the _______

A

Function and not the form

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19
Q

Jenny is a surrogate for her sister, Claudia. Claudia’s group home facilitator wants to implement an overcorrection procedure because she keeps dumping out her dresser drawers. Jenny has signed consent for the procedure but Claudia keeps yelling that she doesn’t want to do it when the staff tries to implement it. What is the next step?

A

They must discontinue the procedure.

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20
Q

Procedure when a neutral stimulus is presented with an unconditioned stimulus until that neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus that elicits the conditioned response-

A

Respondent Conditioning

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21
Q

The process of altering the frequency and/or strength of behavior through consequences

A

Operant Conditioning

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22
Q

A group of stimulu sharing common elements

A

Stimulus Class

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23
Q

A group of responses with the same function

A

Response Class

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24
Q

Statements that describe the occurrence of phenomena under study as a function of specific variables

A

Functional Relation

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25
Q

Ruling out simple explanations before considering more complex ones

A

Parsimony

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26
Q

The manipulation of environmental variables

A

Experimentation

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27
Q

Repeating an experiment under the same conditions

A

Replication

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28
Q

Practice of objective observation

A

Empiricism

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29
Q

The lawfulness of behavior

A

Determinism

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30
Q

MAS stands for what?

A

Motivation Assessment Scale

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31
Q

The MAS and QABF are two types of:

A

Behavior Rating Scales

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32
Q

What are the following dimensions of ABA

A

Applied, behavioral, technological

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33
Q

Respondent behaviors are ______ & _______

A

Involuntary and unlearned

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34
Q

Operant behaviors are _______ & _________

A

Voluntary and learned

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35
Q

What are some of the several limitations to indirect methods of assessment?

A

Poor reliability, subjective, not sufficient enough to identify functional relations

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36
Q

What are some of the strengths to indirect methods of assessment

A

No risk to individual, structured, useful as initial steps

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37
Q

Is the following a topographical or functional operational definition?

After voiding in the toilet, placing hand on flushing handle, pressing down with enough force that results in water exiting the toilet bowl, then releasing the handle.

A

Functional

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38
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of a good operational definition:

A

Clear, objective, complete

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39
Q

The FAI is a rating scale. T/F?

A

False

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40
Q

Healy, Brett, & Leader (2013) identify what three types of stimuli maintaining problem behavior?

A

Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and automatic reinforcement

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41
Q

Heather wants to increase a response class of staying in seat and engaging with work materials for a client of hers. Which would be the best measurement procedure to use?

A

Whole Interval Recording

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42
Q

The three components to informed consent are:

A

Information, capacity, voluntariness

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43
Q

The recognition that the environment selects behavior avoids the use of

A

Mentalism

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44
Q

Jessica doesn’t like to eat broccoli and will engage in a number of behaviors to avoid having to eat them, such as throw the bowl on the floor, scream, run away from the table, and cry. These are all related how?

A

Functional Response Class

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45
Q

Megan is a behavior analyst consultant within a school district and was recently asked to conduct an FBA on a student in the 5th grade. What should she do first?

A

Conduct indirect assessment

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46
Q

It is recommended that the same assessment tool be used across every client a behavior analyst is assessing so that the behavior analyst becomes familiar with the tool. T/F?

A

False

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47
Q

According to the BACB and the ethics around functional behavioral assessment in behavior analysis, who is qualified to conduct an FBA?

A

Graduate student, a BCBA, and a BcABA supervised by a BCBA

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48
Q

Consent must be gained for individual interventions separately. T/F?

A

True

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49
Q

The experimenter has demonstrated a functional relation.

A

Analytic

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50
Q

When the behavior change lasts over time, appears in different settings and spreads to other behaviors not directly treated.

A

Generality

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51
Q

To investigate behaviors of social significance.

A

Applied

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52
Q

Procedures are clearly described so they can be replicated.

A

Technological

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53
Q

Behaviors are measurable and improve behavior to a practical degree.

A

Behavioral

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54
Q

Results are meaningful and improve behavior to a practical degree.

A

Effective

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55
Q

Behavior change procedures derive from their relevant principles of behavior.

A

Conceptually Systematic

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56
Q

The practice of objective observation

A

Empiricism

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57
Q

A truck’s engine was too loud, so Alice slammed the door shut to stop the engine sound. Whenever Alice hears a truck driving close, she slams the door shut so she doesn’t hear the engine.
What is your hypothesized function (and principle) of Alice’s behavior?

A

Escape (Negative reinforcement)

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58
Q

all stimuli are within view, and the chosen stimulus during each trial is again presented in subsequent trials

A

Multiple Stimulus with Replacement

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59
Q

stimuli are presented one at a time, and the individual’s response to the stimuli is recorded.

A

Single Stimulus

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60
Q

All stimuli are within view, and the chosen stimulus during each trial is removed in subsequent trials

A

Multiple Stimulus Without Replacement

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61
Q

the individual is directed to make a choice of two stimuli, and the individual’s response is recorded

A

Paired Choice

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62
Q

Gregg doesn’t like music class, and as his class walks to the music room he tears papers off the wall and his teacher brings him back to the classroom instead of letting him go to music. Gregg tears papers off the wall every time he walks to music. What form of reinforcement is maintaining tearing paper behavior?

A

Social Negative Reinforcement (Avoidance)

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63
Q

Which assessment method answers, “When I see this, I see that”

A

Descriptive Assessment

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64
Q

An SD signals ___ of reinforcement, and an MO signals ___ of reinforcement.

A

Availability and effectiveness.

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65
Q

Who, from the professionals listed below, can conduct a direct observation for a descriptive assessment?

A

Classroom teacher, behavior analyst, paraprofessional. All the above

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66
Q

A correlation indicates there is a causal, functional relation. T/F?

A

False

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67
Q

A paired choice preference assessment is also known as what?

A

Forced-Choice

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68
Q

A scatterplot can identify temporal patterns between the behavior and the environment. T/F?

A

True

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69
Q

The purpose of a descriptive assessment is to complete systematic manipulations to identify the function of the target behavior. T/F

A

False

70
Q

An effect of the Motivating Operation on behavior can be described as what?

A

An increase in the value of a stimulus as a reinforcer that has been previously conditioned.

71
Q

Every time Sara’s mother asks her to make her bed Sara yells, “Leave me alone!” and stomps out of her room. Sara’s mother sighs and makes the bed herself.
What is your hypothesized function (and principle) of Sara’s problem behavior?

A

Escape (Social negative reinforcement)

72
Q

Motivating Operations are considered to be what?

A

Antecedent events

73
Q

As a general rule, it is safer to assume that a high preference item identified through a trial-based method of assessment is more likely to serve as a reinforcer than one identified via a survey method of assessment. T/F?

A

True

74
Q

In this type of preference assessment, the learner is exposed to many stimuli at one time and after selection of a stimulus, is given time to engages with this stimulus. After they have finished engagement with the stimulus, the stimulus is unavailable for the remainder of the trials.

A

MSWO

75
Q

Treatment effects might be enhanced as a function of conducting ____________ prior to each session.

A

Reinforcement Assessments

76
Q

Harry was hiking in the woods with his young daughter and happened upon a beehive. He suddenly became fearful that the bees were going to attack him so he yelled, “RUN!” to his daughter, grabbed her hand and booked it down the street. Seeing the beehive and bees serves as which of the following?

A

An MO

77
Q

What are the similarities between the Sd and the MO?

A

Both are antecedent events and both alter the probability of the response.

78
Q

If Chip yells during the contingent attention condition of the functional analysis, how would Pam respond to his behavior?

A

Reprimand and comfort

79
Q

Which assessment method answers “When I did this, I saw that?”

A

Functional Analysis

80
Q

Systematic manipulations are the method of setting up analog conditions to observe effects on behavior. T/F?

A

True

81
Q

In the Iwata et al., study, the authors used an reversal experimental design. T/F?

A

False

82
Q

What type of analysis test hypothesis of antecedents (triggers) on the occurrences of behavior, without contingently manipulating consequences?

A

Structural Analysis

83
Q

Pam is conducting a functional analysis with Chip, who yells. Pam is implementing a contingent attention condition. How could Pam set up the antecedent component to test for attention?

A

She should instruct Chip to play with toys and ignore him

84
Q

The control condition in a functional analysis can also be referred to as the alone condition. T/F?

A

False

85
Q

Which assessment method answers, “When I see this, I see that?”

A

Descriptive Assessment

86
Q

Response effort suggests the probability of a particular behavior being performed ________ as the effort to respond increases.

A

Decreases

87
Q

When conducting a trial-based functional analysis (e.g., Bloom et al., 2011), the experimental conditions are conducted under what type of environment?

A

In the client’s natural environment

88
Q

Partial interval time sampling data _______ behavior and whole interval time sampling data _________ behavior.

A

Overestimates; underestimates

89
Q

In a trial-based functional analysis, the researcher is simply recording the occurrence or nonoccurrence of the problem behavior during each pre-determined assessment trial. T/F?

A

True

90
Q

What type of research design was used in Iwata et al., study?

A

Multi-Element

91
Q

A functional analysis involves presenting new contingencies. T/F?

A

False

92
Q

Identify two variations to the methodology presented in the standard (i.e., traditional / extended) functional analysis that have been researched and published (note - you learned about more than two):

A

Latency-based, synthesized, brief, trial-based, and single

93
Q

What are the three components of informed consent

A

Voluntary, information, and capacity

94
Q

Which of the following item identified from a records review does not pertain directly to treatment of problem behavior?

A

Diagnosis

95
Q

Which item below is typically considered a disadvantage / limitation to descriptive assessment methodologies.

A

Time consuming

96
Q

The idea that the environment selects behavior is akin to which characteristic of science?

A

Selectionism

97
Q

In an MSWO preference assessment, the learner is presented with all stimuli upon the start of the assessment and ________

A

after a stimulus is chosen, it is not replaced back in the array

98
Q

A systematic manipulation includes which portion of the FBA process?

A

Functional analysis

99
Q

You are conducting a standard (extended) FA with your student, Jimmy. Jimmy engages in aggression in the form of hitting or slapping. One of the conditions of the
FA you are running is the escape condition. How will you set up the antecedent component to test for escape?

A

Present a demand to Jimmy

100
Q

The following is an operational definition used in a treatment procedure for Erik: when presented with a table work task (e.g. a worksheet , picture cards), Erik
will throw or swipe the items presented resulting in the table being cleared in front of him. An FA determined that the behavioral function was escape. Which is the
best measure to use for this behavior and the correct type of operant described?

A

Percent Opportunity/ Restricted Operant

101
Q

Indirect assessment methods are inherently weaker than descriptive and systematic methods. Limitations of indirect assessment methods include:

A

Poor reliability

102
Q

Mikayla conducted an FBA for her client, Frank. The target behavior for
reduction was aggression with a maintaining variable of attention. Which of the following intervention(s) would be appropriate and function-based?

A

Noncontingent Reinforcement

103
Q

A low-preference stimulus identified by a trial-based preference assessment method would indicate that the stimulus was chosen when?

A

Less than 50% of the time

104
Q

When implementing function-based interventions to reduce problem
behaviors, it is important to consider the MOs that have been established which have increased the value of the reinforcing stimuli for problem behavior. After identifying these MOs, we must seek to weaken them, which will have ______ effects on the behavior change.

A

Temporary Effects

105
Q

The next condition you are running in the standard FA for Jimmy is the attention condition. Recall that Jimmy’s target behavior for assessment is aggression in the
form of hitting and slapping. What will you do if Jimmy yells when you remove attention from him?

A

Do Nothing

106
Q

To answer the question, “When I see this, I see that,” we conduct a ________. To answer the question, “When I did this, I saw that,” we conduct a _________.

A

Descriptive assessment/ Functional Analysis

107
Q

Which condition is typically used as a control condition in a functional analysis?

A

Play

108
Q

An Sd signals _____ of reinforcement and an MO identifies the _______ of
reinforcement.

A

Availability; value

109
Q

A ______ is a type of verbal operant that specifies what the speaker wants or needs.

A

Mand

110
Q

Assessments that are categorized as behavioral, are done so because they:

A

Look at conditions under which behavior occurs

111
Q

When conducting functional behavior assessments, we must make certain assumptions. What is the major assumption we make?

A

Behavior is Functional

112
Q

An assumption of offering choices as an intervention strategy is:

A

As aversiveness of task decreases; problem behavior decreases

113
Q

Offering choices may function as an ___ for problem behavior because it ________ value of escape as a reinforcer.

A

AO; decreases

114
Q

Which of the following is not a verbal operant discussed by Skinner.

A

Coding

115
Q

What measurement would be the best to use when the target behavior is for reduction and there aren’t enough resources to record the behavior throughout the entire day?

A

Partial Interval

116
Q

Statements that describe the phenomenon under study as a function of specific variables refers to:

A

Functional Relation

117
Q

The difference between escape and avoidance (e.g., social negative
reinforcement: escape / avoidance) is:

A

Escape terminates a stimulus; avoidance postpones a stimulus

118
Q

Verbal Behavior is __________

A

Operant

119
Q

Skinner’s account of verbal behavior has been well received by all in the field of behavior analysis and other related fields. T/F?

A

False

120
Q

Which scientific value does Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior adhere to:

A

Pragmatism

121
Q

Which of the following is an example of a textual behavior:

A

Justin has mastered reading 150 sight words from the Dolch Sight Word List

122
Q

“Sam will take a shower in the morning before work, using soap and shampoo, so that he is clean.” This is an example of:

A

A functional definition of behavior

123
Q

The VB MAPP and the ABLLS-R are two behavioral assessments looking at:

A

Function of Verbal behavior

124
Q

When a behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement, when is problem behavior most likely to occur?

A

When no access to attention available & no access to preferred item provided

125
Q

When behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement, when is problem behavior least likely to occur:

A

When attention is available

126
Q

When problem behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement (attention), what intervention might be chosen to match this function:

A

Attention extinction, noncontingent attention, and enriched environments

127
Q

When a behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement (attention), what intervention is BEST chosen as the first intervention?

A

Noncontingent attention

128
Q

When a behavior is maintained by social negative reinforcement, when is problem behavior most likely to occur:

A

When work tasks are presented, During Non-preferred activity

129
Q

When behavior is maintained by social negative reinforcement, what
intervention might be chosen to match this function:

A

Offer choices

130
Q

One goal when choosing an intervention is to:

A

Increase effort for the problem behavior

131
Q

Another goal when choosing an intervention is to:

A

Increase opportunities to gain access to reinforcement for alternative behaviors & Put conditions in place that evoke alternative behaviors

132
Q

What might be an appropriate function-based intervention Suzie’s teacher may choose for her verbal protests?

A

Functional Communication Training

133
Q

Task difficulty may function as an ____ for problem behavior because it _____ the value of escape as a reinforcer.

A

EO & Increases

134
Q

An assumption of stimulus demand fading as an intervention strategy is:

A

Fewer demands decrease problem behavior

135
Q

Stimuli that are identified through trial based preference assessment are _____ likely to serve as a reinforcer than those identified through an interview preference
assessment.

A

More

136
Q

Which method of functional behavior assessment is the most rigorous procedure to identify causal relationship between behavior and environment?

A

Functional Analysis

137
Q

The three levels of science include

A

Description, prediction, and control

138
Q

Suzie’s verbal protests were observed to occur when a peer took a preferred toy of hers. Her peer gave Suzie the toy when she protested. What is the most probable function of this verbal protest?

A

Social positive reinforcement: Tangible

139
Q

A stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has not produced reinforcement in the past

A

S-Delta

140
Q

Describes reinforcement punishment that is delivered only after the target behavior has occurred

A

Contingent

141
Q

a behavior whose rate and form are governed by its consequences

A

operant

142
Q

statements that describe the occurrence of phenomena under study as a function of specific variables

A

functional relation

143
Q

a stimulus in the presence of which a response has been reinforced in the past

A

Sd

144
Q

Antecedent variable that alters the effectiveness of some variable as a reinforcer and then alters the frequency of a behavior that has been reinforced by the reinforcer in the past

A

Motivating Operation

145
Q

a behavioral principle describing a relationship between an antecedent stimulus and response when the rate, frequency, magnitude, latency, or duration of a response is altered in the presence of a stimulus

A

stimulus control

146
Q

meaning is found in action not talk about action

A

pragmatism

147
Q

manipulation of environmental variables to identify the variables of which a behavior is a function

A

experimentation

148
Q

simple explanations are ruled out before more complex are considered

A

parsimony

149
Q

When a behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement, when is problem behavior most likely to occur (choose all that apply):

A

when no access to attention

150
Q

When behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement, when is problem behavior least likely to occur (choose all that apply):

A

when preferred item is available

151
Q

When behavior is maintained by social positive reinforcement, what intervention might be chosen to match this function (choose all that apply):

A

attention extinction, non-contingent attention, enriched environment

152
Q

Fred’s teacher conducted an FBA and identified his behavior, ripping his paper, was potentially maintained by social negative reinforcement. If Fred’s teacher conducted an FA this hypothesis could be confirmed if Fred ripped his paper at higher rates during which condition?

A

Demand

153
Q

Fred’s teacher conducted an FBA and identified his behavior, ripping his paper, was potentially maintained by social negative reinforcement. A potential function-based treatment to consider for Fred’s behavior might be:

A

Escape Extinction

154
Q

Fred’s teacher conducted an FBA and identified his behavior, ripping his paper, was potentially maintained by social negative reinforcement. The function based treatment of an escape extinction is what?

A

Consequence intervention

155
Q

The high-p request sequence, if effective, produces an _____ effect of the problem behavior.

A

abative

156
Q

The high-p request sequence, if effective, _____ the value of reinforcement for noncompliance.

A

decrease

157
Q

A high-p request sequence is an example of a(n)

A

Antecedent intervention

158
Q

One way response effort can be considered when developing an intervention is: Reduce response effort to engage in ____________, and increase response effort to engage in __________.

A

alternative behavior; problem behavior

159
Q

Another way response effort can be considered when developing intervention is: Increase reinforcement for ____________ and decrease reinforcement for __________.

A

Alternative behavior; problem behavior

160
Q

Behavioral recommendation made at the culmination of an assessment, include which components (choose all that apply):

A

are function based, research based, include antecedent and consequence strategies, and include recommendations for measuring behavior change

161
Q

Tse et al (2007) conducted an assessment on a social skill training protocol. Prior to beginning the research, the authors hypothesized that social skill training would have a positive (increasing) effect on social skills but not on problem behavior. By the end of the study, the authors confirmed their hypothesis. T/F?

A

false

162
Q

The Social Skills Solutions (McKinnon & Krempa, 2002) assessment asks the interviewee to answer whether each behavioral component occurs under which of the following conditions:

A

1:1, group, natural setting

163
Q

Verbal behavior, as defined by Skinner, is a result of:

A

Operant Conditioning

164
Q

TPRA (Ross, Singer-Dudek, & Greer, 2005) is a tool used in training and supervision of behavioral services. TPRA is used to collect data on:

A

teacher performance rate and accuracy

165
Q

The major premise of Skinner’s analysis of verbal behavior, is that verbal behavior is what?

A

Functional

166
Q

Mary is a BCBA who is consulting to a public school classroom where she has written several programs for students to increase performance across a variety of academic skills. Mary is concerned that the data for the programs are highly variable. Mary’s first step in rectifying this issue should be:

A

Collect Data on treatment integrity

167
Q

Mand

A

Motivation, deprivation of activity

168
Q

Tact

A

Non-verbal stimulus, seeing swings when driving past

169
Q

Echoic

A

Verbal stimulus, verbal behavior with correspondence/formal similarity

170
Q

Intra-verbal

A

Verbal stimulus/ what do you find at the park?

171
Q

Textual

A

Verbal stimulus/ written word “swing”

ABA (29 decks)

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