Female Pathology, Cervix Vulva Vagina Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Female Pathology, Cervix Vulva Vagina Deck (16)
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1
Q

internal os of the cervix is lined with _____ epithelium and the external os is lined with ____ epithelium

A

columnar; squamous

2
Q

pap smears are best at visualizing what type of cells?

A

squamous (not glandular)

3
Q

risk factors for cervical neoplasia

A
  1. early age at first intercourse
  2. multiple sexual partners
  3. smoking
  4. HIV
  5. persistent infection by high-risk strains of HPV
4
Q

what are the low-risk HPV strains and what do they cause? what are the high-risk HPV strains and what do they cause?

A

low-risk: 6, 11 –> condyloma

high-risk: 16, 18 –> cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

5
Q

histology of HPV infection

A

koilocytes (binucleate cells with halo)

6
Q

what is p16 a histological marker for? what is another marker for this?

A

HPV; Ki-67

7
Q

invasive carcinoma of the cervix is most commonly of what kind of cell?

A

squamous cell carcinoma

8
Q

what are the components of cervical cancer screening?

A

cytology (“Pap Smear”) +/- high-risk HPV testing –> colposcopy for screen-positive women

9
Q

at what age should males and females get HPV vaccines?

A

11-12

10
Q

dx: shiny (thin epidermis), painful, pruritic disease of the vulva

A

lichen sclerosus

11
Q

dx: leukoplakia on vulva secondary to chronic inflammation

A

lichen simplex chronicus

12
Q

lichen ____ = epithelial thickening, secondary to chronic irritation, can appear as _____,
lichen ____ = thin epidermis, shiny, painful, pruritic
lichen ____ has small risk to develop into ____ carcinoma

A

simplex chronicus; leukoplakia; sclerosus; sclerosus; squamous cell

13
Q

vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, high grade (VIN-__ and VIN-__) are associated with HPV subtypes _____, histology shows _____, and it can progress to _____

A

2; 3; 16 and 18; full thickness dysplasia; invasive squamous cell carcinoma

14
Q

dx: red, scaly plaques on vulva, histology shows large pale cells in the epidermis, positive with mucin stain or low molecular cytokeratin

A

extramammary Paget’s disease

15
Q

vaginal cancer associated with DES exposure

A

clear cell carcinoma

16
Q

dx: girl <4 years old with clear, grape-like, polypoid mass emerging from vagina

A

sarcoma botryoides (embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma)