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Spinal anatomy > Final!!! > Flashcards

Final!!! Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Which cervical vertebra has the shortest TVP

A

C2

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2
Q

All are areas where the cruciate pigment attach except

A

Attach to each lateral masses of C1

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3
Q

The greatest amount of flexion and extension in the facet joints of the c spine occurs at which of the following areas

A

C5/C6

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4
Q

The most common disc herniations occur in the C spin at which specific spinal level

A

C5/6

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5
Q

What position causes the least amount of intradiscal pressure on the lumbar spine

A

Supine lying

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6
Q

The primary function of the facet joint is to

A

Provide for and limit movement of the vertebral segment

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7
Q

Afferent nerve fibers transmit what type of impulse

A

Sensory

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8
Q

Motion of the vertebra is around the three axis of rotation X, Y, Z which of the following motions of the movement around the y axis

A

Right and left rotation

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9
Q

Which of the following ligaments fills the interval between the laminae of adjacent vertebrae

A

Ligamentum flavum

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10
Q

When one axon of a nerve cell comes together with the dendrite of another nerve cell, they form a functional communication called a

A

Synapse

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11
Q

Observing the lateral X ray film you notice that there is an approximately 63% anterior slippage of L4 upon L5 vertebra. This translates into which of the following meyerding grades?

A

Grade 3

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12
Q

All are true regarding an upper motor neuron lesion except

A

A-reflexia

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13
Q

All are ligaments of the sacrococcygeal articulation except

A

Posterior sacroiliac ligament

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14
Q

All of the following are extrinsic muscles of the spine except

A

Splenius cervicis

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15
Q

All are true regarding a lower motor neuron lesion except

A

Involves the brain and spinal cord only

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16
Q

Which of the following arteries is located between the basilar artery and the posterior communicating artery in the circle of Willis

A

Posterior cerebral artery

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17
Q

All of the following are ligaments of the atlanto-occipital articulations except

A

Transverse ligament

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18
Q

Which cervical vertebra has the largest spinous process

A

C2

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19
Q

The ligamentum nuchae is best described as

A

Union of the supraspinous and interspinous ligament in the C region

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20
Q

The most medial muscle of the erector spinae group is the

A

Spinalis

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21
Q

All are true regarding the occiput except

A

Has an articulation with the epistropheus

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22
Q

Which of the following suboccipital muscles do not help form the suboccipital triangle

A

Rectus capitis posterior minor

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23
Q

The tripod theory of weight bearing states that a typical spinal vertebra will bear the compressive load of weight placed on the top of it by which of the following means

A

The two superior articular facets (processes) and the vertebral body with bear the weight

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24
Q

The major of the axons are enveloped in one or two coverings of phospholipids called

A

Myelin

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25
What is the normal atlas dens interval for an adult
.5 mm to 3 mm
26
All are true regarding the posterior longitudinal ligament except
Runs from the occiput causally to the sacrum
27
What is the name of the area of the area of the end plate which has no cartilage
Apophyseal ring
28
What is the ligament that is a continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament in the upper cervical spine
Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane
29
The purpose of the uncinate process of the c spine is to
Prevent lateral slippage of vertebra above
30
Each of the following statements concerning the sacrum is correct except
It is composed of four fused vertebral segments in the adult
31
During right lateral flexion of the lumbar spine, the spinous process of L3 moves in which direction
Right
32
All are true regarding interneurons except
They are located on the dorsal root ganglion
33
A disc bulge is described as involving which of the following
More than 50 percent of the total disc circumference
34
The brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein pass between which two muscles
Anterior and middle scalene
35
Which lines of menus ration in the lumbar spine tells the doctor if the stress of the lumbar spine is more on the facets or on the disc
Fergusons weight bearing line
36
Hanh’s venous cleft is the opening in the vertebral body for what structure
Basivertebral vein
37
The major point of rotation of the C spine is which of the following?
Atlas rotating on the axis
38
What is the continuation fo the ligamentum flavum in the C spine
Posterior atlanto occipital membrane
39
All of the following are main arteries that supply the spinal cord except
Hemiazygous artery
40
The posterior spinal arteries are branches of which arteries
Vertebral arteries
41
When do the epiphyseal plates of the vertebral bodies close or fuse to the vertebral body
16 to 20
42
The dorsal ramus innervates
Skin and deep muscles of the back and neck
43
Which areas of the vertebra is the least reliable in palpation for a subluxation
Spinous process
44
All are true regarding the anterior longitudinal ligament except
Is named the tectorial membrane in the upper cervical spine
45
The atlas has how many articulations
5
46
What line of measurement tells the doctor that there is an anterior slippage or a posterior slippage of one vertebra upon another
Georges line
47
Which of the following range of motion is most pronounced in the lumbar spine
Flexion
48
All of the following are true regarding the articular capsule (capsular ligament) of the vertebra except
Covers the posterior lateral part of the Z joints, has 3 basic parts consisting of nervous, vascular and synovial layers, the articular capsule is stressed the most in rotation. All are TRUE
49
The zygopophysis of a typical thoracic vertebra is angled at what degree to the horizontal plane
60 degrees
50
The most common disc herniation to occur in the lumbar region is at what level
L4-L5 or L5 S1
51
Which of the following is associated with the term costal facets
Thoracic vertebra
52
What two ligaments in the lumbo sacral region replace the intertransverse ligaments of the thoracic and lumbar spine
Lumbosacral and iliolumbar ligament
53
All is true regarding the fovea dentalis except
Is an indentation on the body of the C2 vertebrae
54
All are true regarding the sacral plexus except
L2 through L4 branches combines to form the femoral nerve
55
Which of the following best describe the nerve supply to the multifidus, rotatores longi and rotatores brevis
Dorsal primary division of the spinal cord
56
True ribs articulate with the vertebrae at which two places
Costocoporeal and costotransverse articulation
57
What are sharpey’s fibers
Fibrous part of the annulus fibrosis that attaches to the end plate
58
What anatomical part of the vertebra makes up the floor of the IVF
Inferior notch of the vertebra
59
What is the purpose of the alar ligament
Attach to the superior lateral margins of the dens and limit rotation of the skull to the opposite side
60
All are classes or types within the spinal column except
Sutures
61
All are true regarding the intervertebral discs except
Made up of fibrocartilage,makes up 25% of the spinal column, largest avascular structures in the body, all are TRUE
62
How many articulations does the T10 vertebral segment have
10
63
The uncinate processes are characteristic of what are of the vertebral column
Cervical vertebra
64
If the plump line lies posterior to the external auditory meatus, the patient has
Anterior head carriage
65
In general the inferior facets of the lumbar face which way
90 degrees to the horizontal plane and rotated 45 degrees laterally to the vertical plane
66
Which ligament are primarily responsible for chronic whiplash symptoms, especially post traumatic headaches
Alar ligament
67
All is true regarding a lateral disc herniation except
It is less common than a central disc herniation
68
There are how many pairs of spinal nerves
31
69
The central nervous system is
Made up of brain and spinal cord
70
The lumbar vertebral segments allow for the least amount of what type of range of motion
Rotation
71
Which of the following ligaments is analogous to the ligamentum flavum
Posterior atlantoocipital ligament
72
All are ligaments of the atlanto-axial articulation except
Transverse ligament of Atlas, anterior atlantoaxial ligament, posterior Atalantoacial ligament, all of them are part of this articulation!
73
What is the definition of symphysis
2 bony surfaces connected by a disc or fibrocartilage
74
When one axon of a nerve cell comes together with the dendrite of another nerve cell, they form a functional communication called a
Synapse

Spinal anatomy (18 decks)

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