FINAL Cardiovascular

Question 1

All of the following are characteristics of erythrocytes except:
a. biconcave disk shape
b. produced in red bone marrow
c. engulfs bacteria by phagocytosis
d. lack of nucleus

Answer 1

c. engulfs bacteria by phagocytosis

Question 1

All of the following are characteristics of fibrin except:
a. forms of mesh
b. adheres to damaged tissue
c. traps blood cells and platelets
d. forms fibrous connective tissue

Answer 1

d. forms fibrous connective tissue

Question 2

All of the following are characteristics of myocardium except:
a. forms the bulk of the heart wall
b. provides the force needed to eject blood from the heart
c. forms the valves of the heart
d. composed of cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 2

c. forms the valves of the heart

Question 3

All of the following are characteristics of the SA node except:
a. initiates impulses without neural stimulation
b. initiates an impulse four to five times per minute
c. known as the “pacemaker” of the heart
d. located in the right atrium

Answer 3

b. initiates an impulse four to five times per minute

Question 4

All of the following are examples of lymphatic organs except:
a. tonsils
b. liver
c. spleen
d. thymus

Answer 4

b. liver

Question 5

All of the following are examples of non-specific defense mechanisms except:
a. intact skin
b. antibodies
c. hydrochloric acid in the stomach
d. mucous membranes

Answer 5

b. antibodies

Question 6

All of the following are functions of the blood except:
a. carries oxygen and nutrients to cells
b. regulates body metabolism
c. carries hormones from endocrine glands to target tissues
d. regulates body temperature

Answer 6

b. regulates body metabolism

Question 7

All of the following are functions of the spleen except:
a. serves as a reservoir for blood
b. destroys old erythrocytes
c. filters the blood
d. produces digestive enzymes

Answer 7

d. produces digestive enzymes

Question 8

All of the following describe the location of the heart except:
a. posterior to the sternum
b. between the lungs
c. posterior to the vertebral column
d. in the thoracic cavity

Answer 8

c. posterior to the vertebral column

Question 9

Cell-mediated immunity is most effective against:
a. virus-infected cells
b. cancer cells
c. fungi
d. protozoan parasites
e. all are correct

Answer 9

e. all are correct

Question 10

Heart murmurs are caused by:
a. buildup of cholesterol on the walls of the coronary arteries
b. blood clots
c. snoring
d. faulty heart valves
e. all are correct

Answer 10

d. faulty heart valves

Question 11

How much blood is in the body of an adult male?
a. 2 to 3 L
b. 4 to 5 L
c. 5 to 6 L
d. 10 to 12 L

Answer 11

c. 5 to 6 L

Question 12

Lymph is derived from:
a. erythrocytes
b. plasma
c. hormones
d. leukocytes

Answer 12

b. plasma

Question 13

Microscopic arteries are known as:
a. capillaries
b. arterioles
c. venules
d. veins

Answer 13

b. arterioles

Question 14

One complete heartbeat is known as a/an:
a. ECG cycle
b. cardiac cycle
c. sinus rhythm
d. ventricular contraction

Answer 14

b. cardiac cycle

Question 15

The superior vena cava returns blood to the heart from the:
a. abdomen
b. thorax
c. head
d. lower extremities

Answer 15

c. head

Question 16

Thrombocytes are also known as:
a. platelets
b. factor VIII
c. thromboplastin
d. prothrombin

Answer 16

a. platelets

Question 17

Thrombocytes develop from large cells known as:
a. macrophages
b. megakaryocytes
c. fibroblasts
d. osteoblasts

Answer 17

b. megakaryocytes

Question 18

What antibodies are present in an individual with type A+ blood?
a. A antibodies
b. A and B antibodies
c. B antibodies
d. B and Rh antibodies

Answer 18

c. B antibodies

Question 19

What are the names of the two arteries that branch off the aorta to supply the heart with oxygen and nutrients?
a. Pulmonary veins
b. Carotid arteries
c. Coronary arteries
d. Inferior vena cava

Answer 19

C. Coronary arteries

Question 20

What causes the “lubb” heart sound?
a. Opening of the atrioventricular valves
b. Opening of the semilunar valves
c. Closing of the atrioventricular valves
d. Closing of the semilunar valves

Answer 20

c. Closing of the atrioventricular valves

Question 21

What condition is caused by a lack of vitamin B12 in the body?
a. Irone deficiency anemia
b. Hemolytic anemia
c. Aplastic anemia
d. Pernicious anemia

Answer 21

d. Pernicious anemia

Question 22

What is another name for pharyngeal tonsils?
a. Uvula
b. Adenoids
c. Vocal cords
d. Internal naris

Answer 22

b. Adenoids

Question 23

What is another name for the epicardium?
a. Pericardial cavity
b. Visceral pericardium
c. Fibrous pericardium
d. Parietal pericardium

Answer 23

b. Visceral pericardium

Question 24

What is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 from the intestines? a. Vitamin K b. Intrinsic factor c. Bile d. Hydrochloric acid e. All are correct

Answer 24

b. Intrinsic factor

Question 25

What is the correct pathway that the impulse takes through the ventricles? a. Atrioventricular (AV) bundle, bundle branches, conduction myofibrils b. Bundle branches, AV bundle, conduction myofibrils c. Conduction myofibrils, bundle branches, AV bundle d. AV bundle, conduction myofibrils, bundle branches

Answer 25

a. Atrioventricular (AV) bundle, bundle branches, conduction myofibrils

Question 26

What is the function of erythropoietin? a. Stimulates leukocyte production b. Destroys worn-out red blood cells c. Stimulates erythrocyte production d. Stimulates thrombocyte production e. All are correct

Answer 26

c. Stimulates erythrocyte production

Question 27

What is the function of leukocytes? a. Defend the body against disease. b. Initiate the clotting mechanism c. Transport carbon dioxide d. Transport nutrients to the cells

Answer 27

a. Defend the body against disease.

Question 28

What is the function of lymph nodes? a. To filter and cleanse lymph before it enters the blood b. To produce lysosome c. To produce antibodies d. To filter and cleanse the blood

Answer 28

a. To filter and cleanse lymph before it enters the blood

Question 29

What is the function of lymphatic vessels? a. To carry fluid away from the tissues and returns it to the venous system b. To carry blood to the head and neck c. To carry fluid from the venous system to the tissues d. To carry fluid from the brain to the spinal cord

Answer 29

a. To carry fluid away from the tissues and returns it to the venous system

Question 30

What is the function of the tonsils? a. To filter and warm the air entering the trachea b. To produce T cells c. To protect against pathogens that enter the body though the mouth and nose d. To provide natural immunity for the body

Answer 30

c. To protect against pathogens that enter the body though the mouth and nose

Question 31

What is the life span of a red blood cell? a. 30 days b. 60 days c. 120 days d. 1 year

Answer 31

c. 120 days

Question 32

What is the name given to the pointed end of the heart? a. Base b. Crown c. Apex d. Septum

Answer 32

c. Apex

Question 33

What is the name of the loose-fitting sac that encloses the heart? a. Pericardium b. Pleura c. Endocardium d. Peritoneum

Answer 33

a. Pericardium

Question 34

What is the name of the valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle? a. Mitral valve b. Tricuspid valve c. Bicuspid calve d. Aortic semilunar valve

Answer 34

b. Tricuspid valve

Question 35

What is the name of the valve located in the right ventricle at the base of the pulmonary trunk? a. Pulmonary semilunar valve b. Tricuspid valve c. Bicuspid valve d. Aortic semilunar valve

Answer 35

a. Pulmonary semilunar valve

Question 36

What is the name of the yellow pigment that results from the breakdown of red blood cells? a. Globin b. Bilirubin c. Heme d. Bile

Answer 36

b. Bilirubin

Question 37

What is the partition that separates the right and left atria? a. Interventricular septum b. Foramen ovale c. Fossa ovalis d. Interatrial septum

Answer 37

d. Interatrial septum

Question 38

What is the term for a substance produced by the body that inactivates or destroys an invading antigen? a. Antibody b. Enzyme c. Vaccine d. Toxin

Answer 38

a. Antibody

Question 39

What is the term for the ability of the body to counteract the effects of pathogens and other harmful substances? a. Inflammation b. Infection c. Resistance d. Susceptibility

Answer 39

c. Resistance

Question 40

What is the term for the stoppage of bleeding? a Hemolysis b. Hemostasis c. Anticoagulants d. Fibrinolysis

Answer 40

b. Hemostasis

Question 41

What makes up the buffy coat? a. White blood cells and platelets b. Red blood cells and platelets c. Plasma and platelets d. Serum and plasma

Answer 41

a. White blood cells and platelets

Question 42

What percentage of the blood is made up of plasma? a. 35% b. 45% c. 55% d. 65%

Answer 42

c. 55%

Question 43

Which of the following carries blood toward the heart? a. Arteries b. Veins c. Arterioles d. Capillaries

Answer 43

b. Veins

Question 44

Which of the following causes an increase in the number of neutrophils? a. Parasitic infections b. Viral infections c. Acute infections d. Fungal infections

Answer 44

c. Acute infections

Question 45

Which of the following converts fibrinogen to fibrin? a. Prothrombin b. Prothrombin activator c. Thrombin d. Vitamin K

Answer 45

c Thrombin

Question 46

Which of the following heart chambers receives deoxygenated blood from the body? a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle

Answer 46

a. Right atrium

Question 47

Which of the following is a characteristic of specific defense mechanisms? a. Acts against all harmful invading agents. b. Triggers the inflammatory process c. Act against specific invading pathogens d. Provides a mechanical and chemical barrier against invading pathogens

Answer 47

c. Act against specific invading pathogens

Question 48

Which of the following is a characteristic of the thymus? a. Consists of a two-lobed organ b. Produces thymosin c. Responsible for maturation of T lymphocytes d. All are correct

Answer 48

d. All are correct

Question 49

Which of the following is a function of the lymphatic system? a. Returns excess interstitial fluid to the blood b. Provides a defense against invading microorganisms c. Assist in the absorption of fat and fat-soluble vitamins d. All are correct

Answer 49

d. All are correct

Question 50

Which of the following is necessary for red blood cell production? a. Iron b. Vitamin B12 c. Folic acid d. All are correct

Answer 50

d. All are correct

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a plasma protein? a. Albumins b. Urea c. Globulins d. Fibrinogen

Answer 51

b. Urea

Question 52

Which of the following is part of the pulmonary circuit? a. Oxygen is distributed to the tissues b. Blood is pumped from the left ventricle and into the aorta c. Deoxygenated blood is returned from the tissues to the right atrium d. Oxygen is picked up in the lungs

Answer 52

d. Oxygen is picked up in the lungs

Question 53

Which of the following is the first response of the body to a blood vessel injury? a. Serotonin is secreted b. The blood vessels constricts c. Increased activity of procoagulants d. The formation of a platelet plug

Answer 53

b. The blood vessels constricts

Question 54

Which of the following occurs when the ventricles are contracting? a. Semilunar valves are closed b. Atria are relaxed c. Atrioventricular valves are open d. Ventricles are filling with blood

Answer 54

b. Atria are relaxed