FINAL Nervous

Question 1

• What is the main part of a neuron?
• What transmits impulse to the cell body of a neuron?
• What transmits impulse away from the cell body of a neuron?
• What are short branches at the distal end of an axon?
• What are the small sacs that contain neurotransmitters?
• What is an enlargement that contains vesicles located at the distal end of a telodendria?
• White fatty substance that surrounds nerve fibers
• Short unmyelinated spaces between segments of myelin in a myelinated nerve fiber
• A layer of Schwann cells that surrounds a nerve fiber in he PNS
• Space between the synaptic knob of a neuron and cell membrane of an adjacent neuron

Answer 1

• Cell body
• Dendrite
• Axon
• Telodendria
• Synaptic vesicles
• Synaptic knob
• Myelin sheath
• Node of Ranvier
• Neurilemma
• Synaptic cleft

Question 2

A myelin sheath is formed around axons within the central nervous system by:
a. microglia
b. Schwann cells
c. astrocytes
d. oligodendrocytes

Answer 2

d. oligodendrocytes

Question 3

Gray matter is made up of:
a. neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers
b. collagenous fibers
c. myelinated fibers
d. ganglia and unmyelinated fibers

Answer 3

a. neuron cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers

Question 4

How many pairs of cranial nerves are in the body?
a. 8
b. 10
c. 12
d. 31

Answer 4

c. 12

Question 5

How many pairs of spinal nerves are in the human body?
a. 9
b. 12
c. 31
d. 206

Answer 5

c. 31

Question 6

Nerves that carry both sensory and motor fibers are known as:
a. sensory nerves
b. motor nerves
c. mixed nerves
d. interneurons

Answer 6

c. mixed nerves

Question 7

The cerebral cortex consists of:
a. gray matter
b. myelinated nerve fibers
c. white matter
d. ganglia

Answer 7

a. gray matter

Question 8

The function of a neuron is to:
a. transmit nerve impulses
b. synthesize myelin
c. regenerate nerve fibers
d. protect nerves from damage
e. all are correct

Answer 8

a. transmit nerve impulses

Question 9

The peripheral nervous system is made up of:
a. cranial nerves and spinal nerves
b. effectors and ganglia
c. cranial nerves and the brain
d. reflex arcs

Answer 9

a. cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Question 10

The spinal cord extends from the base of the skull to the:
a. sacrum
b. first lumbar vertebra
c. coccyx
d. fourth lumbar vertebra

Answer 10

b. first lumbar vertebra

Question 11

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system (NS)?
a. Sympathetic NS and parasympathetic NS
b. Brain and spinal cord
c. Central NS and peripheral NS
d. Somatic NS and autonomic NS

Answer 11

c. Central NS and peripheral NS

Question 12

What is a group of nerve cell bodies located outside the brain?
a. Horn
b. Plexus
c. Ganglia
d. Terminal

Answer 12

c. Ganglia

Question 13

What is the band of white fibers that connects the cerebral hemispheres?
a. Insula
b. Vermis
c. Corpus callosum
d. Arbor vitae

Answer 13

c. Corpus callosum

Question 14

What is the function of ascending tracts of the spinal cord?
a. Carry sensory impulses from body parts to the brain
b. Carry both sensory and motor impulses to the brain
c. Carry motor impulses from the brain to muscles and glands
d. Make up reflex arcs

Answer 14

a. Carry sensory impulses from body parts to the brain

Question 15

What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?
a. Provides centers for sight, smell, and hearing
b. Regulates emotional responses
c. Forms conduction tracts between the higher brain centers and spinal cord
d. Provides a communication network between the central nervous system and the body

Answer 15

d. Provides a communication network between the central nervous system and the body

Question 16

What is the name given to a chemical that transmits a nerve impulse across a synaptic cleft from on neuron to another?
a. Depolarizer
b. Neurotransmitter
c. Cholinesterase
d. Ion

Answer 16

b. Neurotransmitter

Question 17

What is the name of the interconnected fluid-filled cavities in the brain?
a. Central canals
b. Fossa
c. Ventricles
d. Dorsal columns

Answer 17

c. Ventricles

Question 18

What is the name of the region of communication between two neurons?
a. Action potential
b. Threshold stimulus
c. Synapse
d. Internet

Answer 18

c. Synapse

Question 19

What makes up a neuron?
a. Neuroglia
b. Axon and dendrites
c. Cell body, dendrites, axon
d. Schwann cells

Answer 19

c. Cell body, dendrites, axon

Question 20

What makes up the central nervous system?
a. Reflex arcs
b. Brain and spinal cord
c. Cranial nerves and spinal nerves
d. Somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system

Answer 20

b. Brain and spinal cord

Question 21

What makes up the white matter of the brain?
a. Unmyelinated fibers
b. Neuron cell bodies
c. Myelinated fibers
d. Gyri

Answer 21

c. Myelinated fibers

Question 22

What type of neurons carry impulses from sense receptors to the central nervous system?
a. Interneurons
b. Sensory neurons
c. Efferent neurons
d. Motor neurons

Answer 22

b. Sensory neurons

Question 23

Which of the following are under control of the medulla?
a. Adjustment of heart rate
b. Regulation of blood pressure
c. Regulation of breathing
d. Vomiting
e. All are correct

Answer 23

e. All are correct

Question 24

Which of the following divides the cerebrum into two hemispheres?
a. Transverse fissure
b. Central sulcus
c. Longitudinal fissure
d. Sagittal sulcus

Answer 24

c. Longitudinal fissure

Question 25

Which of the following functions are controlled by the cerebral cortex? a. Intelligence b. Language c. Personality d. Memory e. All are correct

Answer 25

e. All are correct

Question 26

Which of the following functions in body coordination, posture, and balance? a. Cerebrum b. Cerebellum c. Pons d. Middle ear

Answer 26

b. Cerebellum

Question 27

Which of the following is an advantage of a spinal reflex if you touch a hot stove? a. It prevents you from touching the stove again. b. It allows you to heal faster. c. It makes you forget about the pain. d. It allows you to withdraw the affected part before you are aware of pain.

Answer 27

d. It allows you to withdraw the affected part before you are aware of pain.

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neuroglia? a. They support and protect neurons. b. They nourish neurons. c. They conduct nerve impulses. d. They are capable of mitosis.

Answer 28

c. They conduct nerve impulses.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the autonomic nervous system? a. It is under involuntary control. b. It is responsible for conscious body movements. c. It supplies motor impulses to visceral organs. d. It is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Answer 29

b. It is responsible for conscious body movements.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the dura mater? a. Tightly bound to the brain b. Outermost layer of the meninges c. Consists of tough, white fibrous connective tissue d. Contains sinuses that collect venous blood

Answer 30

a. Tightly bound to the brain

Question 31

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? a. Prepares the body for stress. b. Increases activity in the digestive tract. c. Increases blood flow to skeletal muscle. d. Increases heart rate.

Answer 31

b. Increases activity in the digestive tract.

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus? a. Regulates body temperature. b. Regulates sleep/wake cycles. c. Involved with the onset of puberty. d. Regulates secretions of hormones from the pituitary gland.

Answer 32

c. Involved with the onset of puberty.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the cerebrum? a. Parietal b. Cerebellum c. Temporal d. Frontal

Answer 33

b. Cerebellum

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT an example of reflexes? a. Coughing b. Reaction to pain stimuli c. Sneezing d. Chewing

Answer 34

d. Chewing

Question 35

Which of the following regulates rhythmic cycles in the body? a. Cerebellar peduncles b. Pituitary gland c. Alarm clock d. Pineal gland

Answer 35

d. Pineal gland

Question 36

Which of the following serves as a relay station for sensory impulses going to the cerebral cortex? a. Thalamus b. Infundibulum c. Epithalamus d. Cerebral peduncles

Answer 36

a. Thalamus

Question 37

Which of the following structures does NOT make up the brain stem? a. Pons b. Medulla c. Diencephalon d. Midbrain

Answer 37

c. Diencephalon

Question 38

Which of the following structures of the meninges is filled with cerebrospinal fluid and contains blood vessels? a. Subarachnoid space b. Pia mater c. Arachnoid d. Dura mater

Answer 38

a. Subarachnoid space

Question 39

The response to a stimulus is called a. action potential b. threshold stimulus c. resting membrane potential d. synapse

Answer 39

a. action potential

Question 40

The resting membrane potential measures about: a. -70 mV b. -60 mV c. -55 mV d. -40 mV

Answer 40

a. -70 mV