FINAL Respiratory

Question 1

Breathing. Moves air through a series of passages into and out of lungs

Answer 1

Ventilation

Question 2

Exchange of gases between lungs and blood

Answer 2

External respiration

Question 3

Transports the gases to and from tissue cells

Answer 3

Blood

Question 4

Exchange of gases between blood and tissue cells

Answer 4

Internal respiration

Question 5

External nares. Openings through which air enters the nasal cavity.

Answer 5

Nostrils

Question 6

Openings from the nasal cavity into the pharynx

Answer 6

Internal nares

Question 7

Separates nasal cavity from oral cavity

Answer 7

Palate

Question 8

Several air-filled cavities in the bones of the skull

Answer 8

sinuses

Question 9

Air-filled cavities in frontal, maxillae, ethmoid, and sphenoid bones. Surround nasal cavity and open into it.
Reduce weight of skull, produce mucus, influence voice quality, act as resonating chambers
- Produces mucus, drains into nasal cavity.

Answer 9

Paranasal sinuses

Question 10

What is the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity that produces mucus which traps microorganisms, dust, and other foreign particles. Contains cilia that propels mucus toward the pharynx, where it is swallowed.

Answer 10

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 11

What networks under mucous membrane warm and moisten the air before it reaches the respiratory tract?

Answer 11

capillary networks

Question 12

Posterior to nasal cavity and extends to uvula

Answer 12

Nasopharynx

Question 13

Posterior to oral cavity. Receives air, food, and water from oral cavity.

Answer 13

Oropharynx

Question 14

Most inferior portion of pharynx

Answer 14

Laryngopharynx

Question 15

Open into nasopharynx and help to equalize the air pressure on both sides of tympanic membrane

Answer 15

Auditory (eustachian tubs)

Question 16

Adenoids. Collections of lymphoid tissue located in the posterior wall

Answer 16

Pharyngeal tonsils

Question 17

Opening between oral cavity (oropharynx). Bordered by masses of lymphoid tissue (tonsils)

Answer 17

Fauces

Question 18

Forms a projection in the neck. Known as Adams apple

Answer 18

Thyroid cartilage

Question 19

Forms the base of the larynx and is attached to the trachea

Answer 19

Cricoid cartilage

Question 20

Opening between the true vocal cords, leads to trachea

Answer 20

Glottis

Question 21

Supported by 15-20 C-shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage

Answer 21

Trachea

Question 22

During swallowing, what bulges into the soft part of the trachea?

Answer 22

esophagus

Question 23

Divide to form secondary (lobar) bronchi

Answer 23

primary bronchi

Question 24

Branch into smaller respiratory bronchioles leading to microscopic alveolar ducts.

Answer 24

Terminal bronchioles

Question 25

Alveolar ducts and alveoli consist of what kind of epithelium?

Answer 25

simple squamous epithelium

Question 26

Lungs are separates by what, which contains the heart?

Answer 26

mediastinum

Question 27

What lung is shorter, broader, and greater in volume, and is divided into 3 lobes? What lung has only 2 lobes and s longer and narrower and contains cardiac notch?

Answer 27

- right lung - left long

Question 28

Indentation on medial surface for apex of heart

Answer 28

Cardiac notch

Question 29

Double-layered serous membrane that encloses the lungs

Answer 29

Pleura

Question 30

Small space between the visceral and parietal pleura. Contains a thin film of serous fluid (acts as a lubricant and reduces friction)

Answer 30

Pleural cavity

Question 31

Prevents the surfaces of the alveoli from adhering together. One of the reasons that premature infants may have respiratory difficulty is because their lungs do not yet produce enough of this.

Answer 31

surfactant

Question 32

Respiratory Center. Controls rate and depth of breathing.

Answer 32

Pons and Medulla oblongata

Question 33

True or False? - Increase in body temperature, fever, and strenuous exercise means increase in breathing rate

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Aging with harmful substances inhaled throughout life, can lead to deterioration of cilia, leading to what 2 conditions? When immune system diminishes what could that also lead to?

Answer 34

- emphysema and chronic bronchitis - pneumonia