Flashcards in Final Exam- Lecture Chap. 8 Deck (51):
1
A(n) ________ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually by parthenogenesis.
Komodo dragon
2
Ordinary cell division produces two daughter cells that are genetically identical. This type of cell division is important for all of the following functions EXCEPT ________.
production of sperm and eggs
3
The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the ________.
nucleus
4
Chromatin consists of ________.
DNA and protein
5
A duplicated chromosome consists of two ________.
sister chromatids
6
Sister chromatids are joined at the ________.
centromere
7
Which of the following occurs during interphase?
Chromosome duplication occurs.
8
The mitotic cell cycle results in the production of ________.
two cells, each with the same amount of genetic material and the same genetic information
9
Which of the following occurs during prophase?
The mitotic spindle begins to form.
10
Which of the following is a stage of mitosis?
telophase
11
The CORRECT sequence of stages of mitosis is ________.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
12
During metaphase, ________.
chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
13
Which of these events occurs during anaphase?
Sister chromatids become separate chromosomes.
14
During telophase, ________.
the events of prophase are reversed
15
A cell that completed the cell cycle without undergoing cytokinesis would ________.
have two nuclei
16
Cytokinesis typically begins during the ________ stage of mitosis.
telophase
17
What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?
Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do.
18
Which of the following will help prevent cancer and increase survival?
Seek early detection of tumors.
19
) Homologous chromosomes ________.
carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics
20
What chromosomes belong to a normal human male?
44 autosomes, one X chromosome, and one Y chromosome
21
What chromosomes belong to a normal human female?
44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes
22
Chromosomes that do NOT determine the sex of an individual are called ________.
autosomes
23
Sexual reproduction in humans ________.
allows a haploid sperm cell to fertilize a haploid egg cell
24
In meiosis, how does prophase I differ from prophase II?
During prophase I there is one diploid cell; during prophase II there are two haploid cells.
25
How much genetic material is present in a cell during prophase I compared to a cell that has completed meiosis II?
four times as much
26
During metaphase I, ________.
homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
27
Upon completion of telophase I and cytokinesis, there is(are) ________ cell(s).
two haploid
28
Which of the following is a characteristic seen in prophase I that does NOT occur in prophase II?
Crossing over occurs.
29
Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II ________ and in mitotic anaphase ________.
the cells are haploid and sister chromatids separate... the cells have the same number of chromosomes as the original cell and sister chromatids separate
30
One difference between mitosis and meiosis is ________.
) mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not
31
Genetic variation is accomplished by all but one of the following. Choose the exception.
the events of meiosis II
32
Which of the following is the best description of the events of anaphase I?
Homologous chromosomes randomly separate and migrate to opposite poles.
33
For a species with four pairs of chromosomes, ________ chromosome combinations are possible.
16
34
Crossing over during prophase I results in ________.
genetic recombination
35
A karyotype (a chromosome display) would be unable to determine ________.
eye color
36
How many chromosomes can a gamete possess as a result of nondisjunction?
n + 1 or n - 1
37
How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have?
2n − 1
38
Sexual reproduction appears to be absent in bdelloid rotifers. Which of these, if found in this group, would bring into question the idea that they reproduce ONLY asexually?
cells in which meiosis occurs
39
Which of these describes the type of reproduction that is most adaptive in a rapidly changing environment with many different parasitic diseases present?
sexual reproduction because the diversity of genotypes increases the likelihood that there is one which can survive in a new environment
40
Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ________.
* strand of DNA, diff levels- swirl down
DNA and histone proteins
41
As shown in the following figure, plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because ________. *** looks like a butt
plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not
42
This diagram of the human life cycle shows that ________. +++ Black couple and cycle
meiosis produces haploid sperm and egg cells
43
What is the chromosome number found in humans cells after meiosis I is completed?
22 autosomes and a sex chromosome
44
The above figure shows that ________. ** side ways xmas tree
meiosis results in the formation of four haploid daughter cells
45
The 2n number for the cell depicted here is ________.
two
46
The karyotype above shows ________.
** black square with many pairs of chromosomes
trisomy 21, a cause of Down syndrome
47
Which of these could lead to the mistake evident in the karyotype?
a nondisjunction in meiosis II in gamete formation
48
) Amanda's abnormal number of sex chromosomes resulted from ________.
nondisjunction
49
With respect to her sex chromosomes, Amanda would be designated as ________.
XO
50
) What percentage of Amanda's gametes would likely have the normal number of chromosomes?
50 percent
51