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Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Clear, straw-colored Liquid Portion of blood

A

Plasma

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2
Q

Accounts for about 55% of the blood volume

A

Plasma

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3
Q

The two major components of blood are:

A
  1. Plasma 2. Formed Elements
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4
Q

Transport Oxygen and some Carbon Dioxide Account for over 99% of Formed Elements

A

Erythrocytes (RBC)

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5
Q

Part of the Body’s Defense System

A

Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)

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6
Q

Cellular Fragments that help to control blood loss

A

Platelets (Thrombocytes):

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7
Q

Platelet plug formation whereas platelets release an vasoconstricting substance called:

A

Serotonin

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8
Q

Averaged size adult will have a blood volume of about __ Liters

A

5

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9
Q

Males have a range of how many liters of blood?

A

5-6

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10
Q

Females have a range of how many liters of blood?

A

4-5

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11
Q

Simple test that is employed to measure the Percentage of RBCs

A

Hematocrit (HCT)

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12
Q

Normal valves of a female Hematocrit test would be in what percentile range?

A

37%-47%

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13
Q

Normal valves of a male Hematocrit test would be in what percentile range?

A

40%-54%

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14
Q

Platelets sticking to other Platelets is called:

A

Aggregation

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15
Q

Triggered when blood contacts damaged blood vessel walls or tissues Outside blood vessels

A

Extrinsic Clotting Mechanism

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16
Q

The cells which produce antibodies are called:

A

Plasma Cells

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17
Q

Where is the heart located?

A

It is located within the Mediastinum and rests on the Diaphragm

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18
Q

Loose fitting sac around the heart is called:

A

Fibrous Pericardium

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19
Q

Forms the inner lining of the Fibrous Pericardium

A

Parietal Pericardium

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20
Q

Protective inner lining of the Heart containing Purkinje Fibers

A

Endocardium

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21
Q

Composed of vessels that lead from the Heart to the Body Cells except for the Lungs and back to the Heart It includes the Aorta and its branches

A

Systemic Circuit

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22
Q

Composed of the vessels that carry blood from Right Ventricle to the Lungs, to the Pulmonary Capillaries where gas exchange takes place

A

Pulmonary Circuit

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23
Q

The first blood vessel to branch off:

A

Coronary Artery

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24
Q

Circulatory route that begins at the Right Ventricle and ends at the Left Atrium is:

A

Pulmonary Circuit

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25
Blood pressure is controlled in part by the mechanisms that regulate \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Cardiac Output (CO) and Peripheral Resistance (PR) B/P = CO X PR
26
Equal to the sum of the Formed Elements and Plasma Volumes in the Vascular System
Blood Volume
27
Refers to the rhythmic expansion and recoil of an arterial wall due to the Ventricular contraction
Pulse
28
Responsible for Draining Lymph from all over the body, except for the Upper Right Quadrant of the body
Thoracic Duct
29
What is the correct order of the lymphatic pathway?
30
In an Elderly Person, the Thymus Gland Is Often Largely Replaced by:
Adipose Tissue
31
Stimulate Maturation of the T Cells
Thymosins
32
The Largest Organ of the Lymphatic System is?
Spleen
33
Protect against many types of Pathogens
Nonspecific (Innate) Defenses
34
Caused by the release of endogenous pyrogen (Interleukin-1) from both Macrophages and Lymphocytes
Fever
35
“First Line of Defense”
Mechanical Barriers
36
Caused by the release of endogenous pyrogen (Interleukin-1) from both Macrophages and Lymphocytes
Fever
37
First cells to arrive at the scene Engulf Bacteria, Dead Cells, and Cellular Debris
Neutrophils
38
Indentation in the Medial Border Entrance to the Renal Sinus
HIlum
39
A group of proteins in plasma and other body fluids that stimulates inflammation
Complement
40
Proteins that provide broad protection against bacteria, yeasts and some viruses
Collectins
41
42
Posterior 1/3 (root) of the Tongue
Linguinal Tonsils
43
Located in the posterior, superior wall of the Pharynx above the Soft Palate
Pharyngeal Tonsils (Adenoids)
44
Sharp edges to bite off relatively large pieces of food
Incisors
45
Cone-Shaped: Useful in grasping food
Cuspids (Canines)
46
Flattened Surface: Useful in grinding
Bicuspids and Molars
47
The 3 events of homeostatis of events in order:
1. Blood Vessel Spasm 2. Platelet Plug formation 3. Coagulation
48
Hormone that is released from the Intestinal wall if the Chyme contains a high Fat content Also causes peristalsis of the Stomach to be Inhibited
Cholecystokinin
49
–Stimulates the maturation of a Follicle –Promotes secretion of Estrogens by the Granulosa Cells of the Follicles
FSH
50
51
–Stimulates Ovulation –Promotes the formation of the Corpus Luteum from the ruptured Follicle –Also promotes Progesterone secretion
LH
52
What is the common ion found in the blood?
Sodium
53
If you decrease the Volume of a gas its Pressure à Increases If you increase the Volume of a gas, its Pressure à Decreases What law is this?
Boyle's Law
54
Which wave represents Ventricular Depolarization
QRS Complex
55
Which wave represents : Ventricular Repolarization
T wave
56
Which wave represents Atrial Depolarization
P Wave
57
The period when the entire Heart returns to its resting or Polarized state
Baseline
58
Microscopic branches off Arterioles that will connect to Capillaries
Metarterioles
59
Refers to the resistance the vessels offer to the Flow of blood Friction between the blood and the walls of the blood vessels & it opposes blood flow
Peripheral Resistance
60
–Fluid leaves the arteriolar ends of the Capillaries & enters Interstitial Spaces via Filtration
Hydrostatic Pressure (Blood Pressure)
61
Thirst Center is located in the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Hypothalamus
62
63
Account for nearly 90% of the positively charged ions in the Extracellular Fluids
Sodium Ions
64
Found in the secretions of Exocrine Glands: tears, saliva, breast milk, nasal fluid, gastric juice, bile ... Defends against bacteria and viruses
IgA
65
Produced First during an Infection (Blood transfusion)
IgM
66
Found on the surface of most B Cells, especially those of infants Functions as the Antigen receptor of B Cells Important in Activating B Cells
IgD
67
Associated with allergic reactions and promotes Inflammation
IgE

AP II (8 decks)

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