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flukes Flashcards

1
Q

S. japonicum

Common Name

A

Oriental Blood Fluke

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2
Q

S. japonicum

Reservoir host

A

Humans and other mammals (dogs,pigs, cats, carabaos, rodents, monkeys)

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3
Q

S. japonicum

Habitat

A

Superior mesenteric vein of the small intestine

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4
Q

S. japonicum

IH

A

Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi

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5
Q

S. japonicum

Adult Stages size

A

Largest

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6
Q

S. japonicum

Location of Ovary

A

Middle (pyramidal)

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7
Q

S. japonicum

Egg Production

A

Greatest (3000 eggs per worm pair per day)

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8
Q

S. japonicum

Integumentary Tuberculations

A

None

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9
Q

S. japonicum

Eggs

A

Oval with recurved hook or lateral knob
Smallest

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10
Q

S. japonicum

Testes

A

6-8
Arranged in a single file

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11
Q

Life span

A

up to 30 years

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12
Q

Schistosomes

Final host

A

Human

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13
Q

Schistosomes

Infective stage

A

Forked tail cercaria

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14
Q

Schistosomes

MOT

A

Skin penetration

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15
Q

S. japonicum

Disease

A
  • Oriental Schistosomiasis
  • Snail Fever
  • Schistomiasis japonica
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16
Q

S. japonicum

Location

A

Asia
- China
- Indonesia
- Japan
- Phillipines

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17
Q

S. mansoni

Common Name

A

Manson’s Blood Fluke

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18
Q

S. mansoni

Reservoir host

A

Humans, non-human primates

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19
Q

S. mansoni

Habitat

A

Inferior mesenteric vein of the colon

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20
Q

S. mansoni

IH

A

Biomphalaria

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21
Q

S. mansoni

Adult Stages size

A

Smallest

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22
Q

S. mansoni

Location of Ovary

A

Anterior 1/2

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23
Q

S. mansoni

Egg Production

A

190-200 eggs/day

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24
Q

S. mansoni

Integumentary Tuberculations

A

Prominent
rough

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25
# S. mansoni Eggs
Eliptical with lateral spine
26
# S. mansoni Testes
8-9 arranged in a zigzag row
27
# S. mansoni Disease
Intestinal Bilharziasis
28
# S. mansoni Location
Africa and in some parts of South - America - Africa - Madagascar - West indies - Suriname - Brazil - Venezuela
29
# S. mansoni Treatment
Praziquantel
30
# S. haematobium Common Name
Vesical Blood Fluke
31
# S. haematobium Reservoir host
Humans
32
# S. haematobium Habitat
Vesical, prostatic, uterine plexuses of the venous circulation
33
# S. haematobium IH
Bulinus
34
# S. haematobium Adult Stages
medium
35
# S. japonicum Treatment
Praziquantel
36
# S. haematobium Location of Ovary
Posterior 1/2
37
# S. haematobium Egg Production
30 eggs/day
38
# S. haematobium Integumentary Tuberculations
Fine
39
# S. haematobium Eggs
Eliptical with terminal spine
40
# S. haematobium Testes
4-5 arranged in groups.
41
# S. haematobium Disease
- Urinary Bilharziasis - Egyptian Hematuria
42
# S. haematobium Location
Middle East - Africa - Middle east - India - Portugal
43
# S. haematobium Treatment
Praziquantel Metrifonate
44
# Paragonimus westermani Common Name
Oriental Lung Fluke
45
# Paragonimus westermani Final Host
Humans
46
# Paragonimus westermani Reservoir Host
Dogs, cats, field rats (Paratenic host - Boars and Pigs)
47
# Paragonimus westermani Habitat
Lungs
48
# Paragonimus westermani Life span
20 years
49
# Paragonimus westermani 1st Intermediate Host | 2
- Antemelania/Brotia asperata - Antemelania dactylus
50
# Paragonimus westermani 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- Sundathelphusa philippina/Parathelphusa grapsoides (freshwater crab) - cray fish. (in other countries)
51
# Paragonimus westermani MOT
Ingestion of undercooked crabs
52
# Paragonimus westermani Body color
Reddish brown
53
# Paragonimus westermani Body Shape
coffee bean shaped
54
# Paragonimus westermani Tegument
tegument is covered by spines (Found in pairs or threes,enclosed in fibrotic capsules of the lungs)
55
# Paragonimus westermani Intestinal Ceca
Wavy
56
# Paragonimus westermani Testes
lobed opposite
57
# Paragonimus westermani Ovary
Lobed (6 long unbranched lobes)
58
# Paragonimus westermani Embryonation
2-3 weeks up to 7 weeks (moist soil or water)
59
# Paragonimus westermani Egg color
golden brown
60
# Paragonimus westermani Egg distinct features | 3
- abopercular thickening; opposite to operculum - opercular shoulder; on the edge of the operculum - Wide flat operculum thickening
61
# Paragonimus westermani Epidemiology
Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, China and the Philippines
62
# Paragonimus westermani Drug of choice
Praziquantel Bithionol (Alternative)
63
# Fasciolopsis buski Common Name
Giant Intestinal Fluke
64
# Fasciolopsis buski Final Host
Humans
65
# Fasciolopsis buski Reservoir Host
Dogs, pigs, and Rabbit
66
# Fasciolopsis buski Habitat
Duodenum and Jejunum (Small Intestine)
67
# Fasciolopsis buski Size
Largest Intestinal Fluke of Man
68
# Fasciolopsis buski Life span
1year
69
# Fasciolopsis buski 1st Intermediate Host | 2
- Genus Segmentina - Genus Hippeutis
70
# Fasciolopsis buski 2nd Intermediate Host | 5
- Trapa bicornis (water caltrop) - Eliocharis tuberosa (water chestnut) - Ipomea aquatica (water morning glory) - Ipomea obscura (kangkong) - Nymphaea lotus (lotus)
71
# Fasciolopsis buski MOT
Ingestion of undercooked/raw water plants
72
# Fasciolopsis buski Body color
Flesh-colored
73
# Fasciolopsis buski Body Shape
Elongated and oval in shape
74
# Fasciolopsis buski Tegument
No spines
75
# Fasciolopsis buski Sucker
Ventral sucker is larger than the oral sucker
76
# Fasciolopsis buski Intestinal Ceca
simple
77
# Fasciolopsis buski Testes
- Dendritic - in tandem
78
# Fasciolopsis buski Ovary
Branched
79
# Fasciolopsis buski Embryonation
3 to 7 weeks. (freshwater)
80
# Fasciolopsis buski Egg color
Light brown
81
# Fasciolopsis buski Egg distinct features | 3
- Large - Indistinguishable from Fasciola; hence, if reported, it’s reported as Fascoplopsis/Fasciola - Hen’s egg appearance
82
# Fasciolopsis buski Epidemiology
South East Asia, China, Korea, India and Bangladesh
83
# Fasciolopsis buski Drug of choice
Praziquantel
84
# Echinostoma ilocanum Common Name
Garrison’s Fluke
85
# Echinostoma ilocanum Final Host
Humans
86
# Echinostoma ilocanum Reservoir Host
Dogs, Pigs, Cats, Rats (important)
87
# Echinostoma ilocanum Habitat
Small Intestine
88
# Echinostoma ilocanum Size
Smaller than F. buski
89
# Echinostoma ilocanum Life span
1 year
90
# Echinostoma ilocanum 1st Intermediate Host | 2
- Gyrraulus convexiusculus - Hippeutis umbilicalis
91
# Echinostoma ilocanum 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- Pila luzonica (kuhol) - Vivipara angularis (susong pampang)
92
# Echinostoma ilocanum MOT
Ingestion of Snail
93
# Echinostoma ilocanum Body color
Reddish gray
94
# Echinostoma ilocanum Body Shape
tapers at the posterior end
95
# Echinostoma ilocanum Tegument
Plaque-like scales, scaley tegument
96
# Echinostoma ilocanum Sucker | 2
- Characteristic circumoral disk (49-51 collar spines) - Ventral sucker is larger than the oral sucker
97
# Echinostoma ilocanum Intestinal Ceca
simple
98
# Echinostoma ilocanum Testes
- deeply bilobed - in tandem
99
# Echinostoma ilocanum Ovary
Lobed
100
# Echinostoma ilocanum Embryonation
6-15 days (freshwater)
101
# Echinostoma ilocanum Egg color
Straw colored
102
# Echinostoma ilocanum Egg distinct features | 3
- Smaller than F. buski - Less prominent operculum; dot like in appearance - ovoid
103
# Echinostoma ilocanum Epidemiology
Northern luzon, leyte, samar, provinces in the philippines
104
# Echinostoma ilocanum Drug of choice
Praziquantel
105
# Heterophyes heterophyes Common Name
Von Siebold’s Fluke
106
# Heterophyes heterophyes Final Host
Man, birds, various fish eating mammals
107
# Heterophyes heterophyes Reservoir Host
Dogs, Cats and Birds
108
# Heterophyes heterophyes Habitat
Small Intestine
109
# Heterophyes heterophyes Size
Smallest fluke of man
110
# Heterophyes heterophyes Life span
<1 year
111
# Heterophyes heterophyes 1st Intermediate Host | 3
Freshwater, brackish water or marine species - Pironella: H. heterophyes - Melania juncea: H. taichui - Semisulcospira: M. yokogawai
112
# Heterophyes heterophyes 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- Fresh, brackish and salt water fish; (tilapia) - Mugil cephalus - mullet (for H. heterophyes)
113
# Heterophyes heterophyes MOT
Ingestion fo fish
114
# Heterophyes heterophyes Body Shape
Elongated, oval or pyriform, pear
115
# Heterophyes heterophyes Tegument
Fine Scale Like Spines
116
# Heterophyes heterophyes Sucker
third sucker (GONOTYL)
117
# Heterophyes heterophyes Testes
- Lobed - varied
118
# Heterophyes heterophyes Ovary
Lobed
119
# Heterophyes heterophyes Embryonation
Embryonated (unique characteristic) once released
120
# Heterophyes heterophyes Egg color
Light brown
121
# Heterophyes heterophyes Egg distinct features | 3
- Very small eggs - H. heterophes and M. yokogawai have similar appearance - ovoid
122
# Heterophyes heterophyes Epidemiology
Egypt, Greece, Israel, Western India, Central and South China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan and Philippines
123
# Heterophyes heterophyes Drug of choice
Praziquantel
124
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Common Name
Pancreatic Fluke
125
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Final Host
Hogs, sheep, goat, cattle Accidental - humans
126
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Habitat
Biliary Ducts and Pancreatic Ducts
127
# Eurytrema pancreaticum 1st Intermediate Host
Macrochlamys indica
128
# Eurytrema pancreaticum 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- Technomyrmex deterquens (ant) - Grasshoppers; crickets
129
# Eurytrema pancreaticum MOT
Ingestion of ants
130
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Body Shape
Leaf shaped
131
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Tegument
ruffled border or body margin
132
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Sucker
Ventral sucker is larger than the oral sucker
133
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Testes
- 2 notched testis - in-tandem,
134
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Ovary
1 notched ovary
135
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Embryonation
Embryonated once released
136
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Egg color
Brown
137
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Egg distinct features
Same with Dicrocoelium dendriticum, it has a thickened shell
138
# Eurytrema pancreaticum Drug of choice
Praziquantel
139
# Fasciola hepatica Common Name | 2
- Sheep Liver Fluke - Temperate Liver Fluke
140
# Fasciola hepatica Final Host
Sheep, cattle, and other herbivores Humans (occasional)
141
# Fasciola hepatica Habitat
Biliary passages of the liver
142
# Fasciola hepatica 1st Intermediate Host | 2
- Lymnaea philippinensis - Lymnaea auricularia rubiginosa
143
# Fasciola hepatica 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- Ipomea obscura (kangkong) - Nasturtium officinale (watercress)
144
# Fasciola hepatica MOT
Ingestion of undercooked or raw aquatic plants
145
# Fasciola hepatica Body
- Large, broad, and flat body (larger than gigantica) - Longer cephalic cone - Prominent shoulders
146
# Fasciola hepatica Intestinal Ceca
highly branched
147
# Fasciola hepatica Testes
highly branched In-tandem
148
# Fasciola hepatica Ovary
Branched
149
# Fasciola hepatica Embryonation
9-15 days
150
# Fasciola hepatica Egg distinct features | 2
- Large, ovoidal - matter of reporting would be Fasciola egg
151
# Fasciola hepatica IH in other countries | 3
- Lymnaea truncatula (Europe and North Asia) - L. bulmoides (North America) - L. tomentosa (Australia); - Planorbida
152
# Fasciola hepatica Egg color
Brownish
153
# Fasciola hepatica Drug of choice
Triclabendazole Bithionol
154
# Fasciola gigantica Common Name | 2
- Tropical Liver Fluke - Giant liver fluke
155
# Fasciola gigantica Final Host
Sheep, cattle, and other herbivores Humans (occasional)
156
# Fasciola gigantica Habitat
Biliary passages of the liver
157
# Fasciola gigantica 1st Intermediate Host | 2
- Lymnaea philippinensis - Lymnaea auricularia rubiginosa
158
# Fasciola gigantica 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- Ipomea obscura (kangkong) - Nasturtium officinale (watercress)
159
# Fasciola gigantica MOT
Ingestion of undercooked or raw aquatic plants
160
# Fasciola gigantica Body | 3
- Longer but narrower - Shorter cephalic cone - Less developed shoulders
161
# Fasciola gigantica Intestinal Ceca
highly branched
162
# Fasciola gigantica Testes
highly branched In-tandem
163
# Fasciola gigantica Ovary
Branched (longer and more numerous)
164
# Fasciola gigantica Embryonation
9-15 days
165
# Fasciola gigantica Egg color
Brownish
166
# Fasciola gigantica Egg distinct features | 2
- Bigger - matter of reporting would be Fasciola egg
167
# Fasciola gigantica 1st IH in other countries | 3
- L. auricularia (Asia) - L. acuminata (Indian Subcontinent) - L. natalensis (Africa)
168
# Fasciola gigantica Drug of choice
Triclabendazole Bithionol
169
# Clonorchis sinensis Common Name
Chinese/Oriental Liver Fluke (most important)
170
# Clonorchis sinensis Final Host
Humans
171
# Clonorchis sinensis Reservoir Host
Cats, Dogs, Pigs, and other mammals
172
# Clonorchis sinensis Habitat
Bile ducts and bile passages, pancreatic duct, can also be found in the gallbladder
173
# Clonorchis sinensis 1st Intermediate Host | 6
- Parafossarulus (P. manchouricus, P. anomalospiralis, and P. stratulus) - Bulinus (B. striatulus) - Semisulcospira - Alocinma (A. longicornis) - Thiara (T. granifera) - Melanoides (M. tuberculatus)
174
# Clonorchis sinensis 2nd Intermediate Host | 2
- freshwater fish (Cyprinidae) - freshwater shrimp
175
# Clonorchis sinensis MOT
Ingestion of raw or undercooked fish
176
# Clonorchis sinensis Body | 3
- Flat, transparent, - attenuated anteriorly, and rounded posteriorly - oral sucker is very large
177
# Clonorchis sinensis Intestinal Ceca
simple
178
# Clonorchis sinensis Testes
deeply branched In-tandem
179
# Clonorchis sinensis Ovary
Lobed
180
# Clonorchis sinensis Embryonation
Embryonated when released
181
# Clonorchis sinensis Egg color
Yellowish brown
182
# Clonorchis sinensis Egg distinct features | 4
- Distinct convex operculum - Presence of abopercular protruberance (comma-shaped hooklike structure) - Old fashioned bulb or pitcher - Indistinguishable from other species
183
# Clonorchis sinensis Epidemiology
Endemic in china, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
184
# Clonorchis sinensis Drug of choice
Praziquantel
185
# Opisthorchis felineus Common Name
Cat Liver Fluke
186
# Opisthorchis felineus Final Host
Humans
187
# Opisthorchis felineus Reservoir Host
Cats, Dogs, Pigs, and other mammals
188
# Opisthorchis felineus Habitat
Bile ducts and bile passages, pancreatic duct, can also be found in the gallbladder
189
# Opisthorchis felineus 1st Intermediate Host
Bithynia
190
# Opisthorchis felineus 2nd Intermediate Host
Cyprinidae and Cobitidae
191
# Opisthorchis felineus MOT
Ingestion of raw or undercooked fish
192
# Opisthorchis felineus Body
reddish brown
193
# Opisthorchis felineus Intestinal Ceca
simple
194
# Opisthorchis felineus Testes
Lobed In-tandem (oblique)
195
# Opisthorchis felineus Ovary
Lobed
196
# Opisthorchis felineus Embryonation
Embryonated when released
197
# Opisthorchis felineus Egg color
Yellowish brown
198
# Opisthorchis felineus Egg distinct features | 4
- Distinct convex operculum - Presence of abopercular protruberance (comma-shaped hooklike structure) - Old fashioned bulb or pitcher - Indistinguishable from other species
199
# Opisthorchis felineus Epidemiology
Endemic in china, Korea, Japan, and Vietnam
200
# Opisthorchis felineus Drug of choice
Praziquantel
201
# Opisthorchis viverrini Common Name
Southeast Asian liver fluke
202
# Opisthorchis viverrini Final Host
Humans
203
# Opisthorchis viverrini Reservoir Host
Cats, Dogs, Pigs, and other mammals
204
# Opisthorchis viverrini Habitat
Bile ducts and bile passages, pancreatic duct, can also be found in the gallbladder
205
# Opisthorchis viverrini 1st Intermediate Host
Bithynia
206
# Opisthorchis viverrini 2nd Intermediate Host
Cyprinidae and Cobitidae
207
# Opisthorchis viverrini MOT
Ingestion of raw or undercooked fish
208
# Opisthorchis viverrini Body
ventral sucker is larger
209
# Opisthorchis viverrini Intestinal Ceca
simple
210
# Opisthorchis viverrini Testes
Lobed (deeply)
211
# Opisthorchis viverrini Ovary
Lobed (deeply)
212
# Opisthorchis viverrini Embryonation
Embryonated when released
213
# Opisthorchis viverrini Egg color
Yellowish brown
214
# Opisthorchis viverrini Egg distinct features | 4
- Distinct convex operculum - Presence of abopercular protruberance (comma-shaped hooklike structure) - Old fashioned bulb or pitcher - Indistinguishable from other species
215
# Opisthorchis viverrini Epidemiology
Thailand, Laos, Malaysia
216
# Opisthorchis viverrini Drug of choice
Praziquantel
217
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Common Name | 2
- Lanceolate Fluke - Lancet Fluke
218
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Final Host
Herbivores (Ruminants) Humans
219
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Habitat
liver
220
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum 1st Intermediate Host
Cionella lubrica Slime balls - accumulated cercaria
221
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum 2nd Intermediate Host
Formica fusca (ants)
222
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum MOT
Ingestion of undercooked or raw aquatic plants
223
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Body
Blade-like; lancet like Aspinous
224
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Intestinal Ceca
simple
225
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Testes
found in the anterior third
226
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Embryonation
Embryonated when released
227
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Egg distinct features | 2
- thick shelled large operculum - Similar to eggs of pancreatic fluke
228
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Drug of choice
Praziquantel
229
# Dicrocoelium dendriticum Egg color
Dark brown

Parasitology lec (24 decks)

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