Generalities of nematodes

Question 1

Nematodes belong to what phylum?

Answer 1

Phylum Aschelminthes/Phylum
Nemathelminthes

Question 2

In fresh specimens, nematodes are
recovered as __________ in color.

Answer 2

light cream or white

Question 3

Meaning, a cross section of a roundworm could be divided into two equal parts.

Answer 3

Bilaterally Symmetrical

Question 4

there are no lines or segments present, unlike earthworms who have segments. (one distinctive way to differentiate)

Answer 4

Non-segmented, Cylindrical in shape

Question 5

Vital organs of nematodes are enclosed in a _____________

Answer 5

pseudocoel

Question 6

is the body cavity of the
nematodes.

Answer 6

pseudocoel

Question 7

is body/protective covering of parasites.

Answer 7

cuticle

Question 8

Cuticle is composed of _________
substance

Answer 8

chitin/chitin-like

Question 9

Nematodes have a complete digestive system:

Answer 9

• Mouth
• Buccal cavity
• Esophagus
• Pharynx
• Intestine
• Rectum
• Anus

Question 10

Some nematodes, depending
on the species, can be equipped with other structures such as _______ and _______ in the buccal cavity

Answer 10

teeth or cutting plates

Question 11

Part of the dgestive system of a nematodes that is It is muscular and bulb-like.

Answer 11

Esophagus

Question 12

Has tri-radiate symmetry

Answer 12

Pharynx

Question 13

Part of nematode for release and excretion of waste

Answer 13

Anus

Question 14

In terms Reproductive Structures, Nematodes are ______, meaning, they have separate sexes.

Answer 14

Dioecious

Question 15

Are tubular and coiled

Answer 15

Nematodes

Question 16

Male or Female Nematode

Smaller in size

Answer 16

Male

Question 17

Male or Female Nematode

Curved Posterior

Answer 17

Male

Question 18

Male or Female Nematode

Testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct ; gubernaculum

Answer 18

Male

Question 19

Male Nematode

lined with prostate or cement glands

Answer 19

Ejaculatory duct

Question 20

Male Nematode

accessory copulatory apparatus

Answer 20

gubernaculum

Question 21

Male Nematode

Used as a copulatory structure

Answer 21

Spicules

Question 22

Male Nematode

Used to allow the sperm to gain entry into
the vagina of the female worm

Answer 22

Spicules

Question 23

Male Nematode

Numbers may vary; some have 1, some
have 2

Answer 23

Spicules

Question 24

Male Nematode

Bell-like structure

Answer 24

Copulatory bursa

Question 25

# Male Nematode Can be seen in some nematodes such as hookworms

Answer 25

Copulatory bursa

Question 26

# Male Nematode assist in securing the female during copulation;

Answer 26

Dorsal rays

Question 27

# Male Nematode Dorsal rays are also present

Answer 27

Copulatory bursa

Question 28

# Male or Female Nematode Bigger in size

Answer 28

Female

Question 29

# Male or Female Nematode Pointed posterior

Answer 29

Female

Question 30

# Male or Female Nematode Uterus

Answer 30

Female

Question 31

# Male or Female Nematode Vagina, ovaries, oviduct are also present

Answer 31

Female

Question 32

# Female Nematodes This contains eggs

Answer 32

Uterus

Question 33

What do nematodes don't have?

Answer 33

Circulatory system (No blood vessels)

Question 34

Nematodes are ________: free-living or parasitic

Answer 34

facultative

Question 35

# Reproduction Produces Immature/Unembryonated Egg

Answer 35

Oviparous

Question 36

Produce or lay mature/embryonated eggs

Answer 36

Ovoviviparous

Question 37

Produces larvae instead of Eggs

Answer 37

Larviparous

Question 38

Example of Oviparous

Answer 38

- Ascaris lumbricoides - Trichuris trichiura - Enterobius vermicularis - Hookworms

Question 39

Example of Larviparous

Answer 39

Trichinella spiralis

Question 40

Presence of _______ which act as the nervous system for the parasite

Answer 40

Chemoreceptors

Question 41

Where can you find the chemoreceptors of nematodes?

Answer 41

- anterior/cephalic portion - posterior/caudal portion

Question 42

Chemoreceptors present in the cephalic are called

Answer 42

amphids

Question 43

Chemoreceptors present in the caudal are called

Answer 43

phasmids

Question 44

Phasmid worm (which has the phasmid) belongs to what class?

Answer 44

Class Phasmidia/Secernetia

Question 45

Aphasmid Worm (which does not have the caudal receptors) belongs to what class?

Answer 45

Class Aphasmidia/Adenophorea

Question 46

Stages of Nematodes:

Answer 46

- Adult stage - Larva (L1 - L4) - Egg/Ovum - Microfilaria

Question 47

The larval stage undergoes four moltings, from _____

Answer 47

L1 → L4

Question 48

In the laboratory, ___ and ____ are the important stages

Answer 48

L1&L3

Question 48

possess uniform muscular esophagus

Answer 48

L3: Filariform Larva

Question 49

Non-feeding stage

Answer 49

L3: Filariform Larva

Question 50

May serve as the infective stage

Answer 50

L3: Filariform Larva

Question 51

possess expanded and bulb-like posterior esophagus

Answer 51

L1: Rhabditiform Larva

Question 52

Feeding stage (open-mouth stage)

Answer 52

L1: Rhabditiform Larva

Question 53

Egg can be _______ or ______ once release depending on the species

Answer 53

embryonated or unembryonated

Question 54

are encountered in filarial worms

Answer 54

Microfilaria

Question 54

It is described as pre-rhabditoid stage

Answer 54

Microfilaria

Question 55

stage prior the larval stage

Answer 55

rhabditoid stage

Question 56

considered as a modified type of egg

Answer 56

Microfilaria

Question 57

Inside is an elongated embryo developing.

Answer 57

Microfilaria