Forearm and Hand

Question 1

what type of joint is the elbow joint?

Answer 1

Synovial hinge joint

Question 2

what id the function of the elbow joint?

Answer 2

Foreamr flexion and extension

Question 3

what makes up the elbow joint?

Answer 3

-Humerus
-Ulna
-Radius

Question 4

where does biceps brachii attach to the radius?

Answer 4

at the radial tuberosity

Question 5

where does brachialis attach to the ulna?

Answer 5

Coronoid process

Question 6

what joint is between the radius and ulna?

Answer 6

proximal radio-ulnar joint

Question 7

what type of joint is the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 7

synovial joint between the radial head and the radial notch of the ulna

Question 8

what is the function of the proximal radio-ulna joint?

Answer 8

pronation and supernation

Question 9

what is the mechanism of a pivot joint?

Answer 9

In pivot joints, a rounded process of bone fits into a bony ligamentous socket, permitting rotation

Question 10

what ligament supports the proximal radioulnar joint?

Answer 10

Anular ligament

Question 11

what are the features of the anular ligament?

Answer 11

-Laxity in childhood
-Yanking movements can dislocate the radius
-Potential damage to ligament

Question 12

what type of joint is the distal radioulnar joint?

Answer 12

Synovial pibot joint

Question 13

what does the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint allow?

Answer 13

Allow twisting of the joint capsule during pronation

Question 14

what is the function of the distal radiounlar joint?

Answer 14

supernation and pronation

Question 15

what is pronation?

Answer 15

when the palm is faced down

Question 16

what is supernation?

Answer 16

when the palm is faced upwards

Question 17

what is the cubital fosa?

Answer 17

A triangluar space in the forearm

Question 18

what muscles border the cubital fosa?

Answer 18

Pronator teres
Brachiorsialis
Epicondyles

Question 19

what structures are nearby the cubital fosa?

Answer 19

Brachialis
Biceps brachii
Medial cubital vein
Brachial artery
Medial nerve

Question 20

what are the pronators of the forearm?

Answer 20

Pronator teres
Pronator quadratus

Question 21

what are the supinators of the forearm?

Answer 21

Biceps brachii
Supinator

Question 22

where are the flexors in the forearm?

Answer 22

In the anterior compartment

Question 23

where are the extensors of the forearm?

Answer 23

In the posterior compartment

Question 24

what is the function of the forearm muscles?

Answer 24

Useful for control and forceful movements of the wrist and hand

Question 25

what does the brachial artery divide into?

Answer 25

Radial and ulnary arteries

Question 26

where does the ulnar artery run?

Answer 26

along the ulnar

Question 27

where does the radial artery run?

Answer 27

along the radius

Question 28

where can a pulse be easily palpated?

Answer 28

In the distal radial artery and ulnar artery

Question 29

what innervates the anterior muscles of the forearm?

Answer 29

Median nerve- supplies most of the forearm muscles Ulnar nerve- supplies some forearm muscles

Question 30

what innervates the posterior muscles of the forearm?

Answer 30

The radial nerve

Question 31

what does the median nerve innervate?

Answer 31

-most forearm muscles -some hand muscles -skin of 3 1/2 fingers

Question 32

what does the ulnar nerve innervate?

Answer 32

-some forearm muscles -most hand muscles -skin of 1 1/2 fingers

Question 33

what is wrist drop?

Answer 33

Weakness or paralysis on extensor muscles in the forearm, the wrist remains in a flexed postion

Question 34

what type of joint is the wrist joint?

Answer 34

Ellipsoid (condyloid) synovial joint

Question 35

what is the wrist joint between?

Answer 35

The radius and proximal carpals

Question 36

what are the movements of the wrist?

Answer 36

Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction Circumduction

Question 37

what is a condyloid joint?

Answer 37

Condyloid joints (biaxial) permit flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, and circumduction

Question 38

what type of joints are the intercarpal joints?

Answer 38

Synovial plane joints

Question 39

what are the proximal carpal bones, lateral to medial?

Answer 39

Scaphoid Lunate Triquetral Pisiform SLTP (SlutP)

Question 40

what are the distal carpal bones, lateral to medial?

Answer 40

Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate TTCH (TiTwitch)

Question 41

what runs through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 41

the median nerve

Question 42

what bones form the carpal arch?

Answer 42

Pisiform Traquetrum Hamate Capitate Trapezoid Trapezium Tubercle

Question 43

what are the bones of the digits?

Answer 43

Metacarpals (proximal) Phalanges (distal)

Question 44

what is the function of the hand?

Answer 44

- Manipulation - Sensation - Interaction with environment - Joints within hands are synovial joints

Question 45

what movement can occur at the inter-phalangeal joints?

Answer 45

flexion and extension

Question 46

what movement can occur at the metacarpo-phalangeal joints?

Answer 46

Flexion, extension Abduction, adducation Circumduction

Question 47

what is the carpo-metacarpal joint 1?

Answer 47

joint at the thumb Important for opposition

Question 48

what is the function of the carpo-metacarpal joints 2-5?

Answer 48

Minimal movement

Question 49

what is the arterial supply to the hand?

Answer 49

Radial and ulnar arteries form superficial and deep palmar arches in the hand - these arches brach into the digits

Question 50

what is the venous supply of the hand?

Answer 50

- the dorsal side of the hand has the dorsal venous network - Cephalic vein originates from the laterial side - Basilic vein originates from the medial side

Question 51

what is the function of the intrinsic hand muscles?

Answer 51

for fine motor control

Question 52

what are the intrinsic hand muscles?

Answer 52

Thenar and hypothenar muscles are for thumb and digit 5 movements - Interossei muscles

Question 53

when are the thenar and hypothenar muscles of the hand used?

Answer 53

In grips, precise movement and control of the digits

Question 54

what is the function of the interossei muscles of the hand?

Answer 54

Digit abduction and adduction