Forebrain Disease Flashcards
(13 cards)
What abnormalities are seen on neurological exam with forebrain disease?
Contralateral blindness
Ipsilateral head turn, body turn, head press, pacing, circling
Contralateral postural reaction deficits
Seizures
What is the imaging modality of choice for forebrain disease?
MRI
What conditions is CSF analysis most useful for excluding?
Infectious/inflammatory
Which 2 locations are CSF sampled from?
Cerebellomedullary cistern
Lumbar cistern (L6-L7)
What is the palliative treatment for intracranial neoplasia?
Meningioma/glioma: prednisolone
Pituitary: trilostane
What causes neurological signs with hypernatremia?
Dehydration and hemorrhage
What causes neurological signs with hyponatremia?
Brain edema
What will happen if hyponatremia is corrected too quickly?
Axonal shrinkage and demyelination = central myelinosis
What is the laterality of clinical signs with hepatic encephalopathy?
Bilaterally symmetrical forebrain
What are the treatments for hepatic encephalopathy?
Fluids
Enemas
Lactulose
Diet
Abx
Levetiracetam if indicated
What are the treatment options for hydrocephalus?
Glucocorticoids
Furosemide
Omeprazole
Acetazolamide
What are the top differentials for an older animal with forebrain disease?
Neoplasia
Canine cognitive dysfunction
What are the top differentials for a young animal with forebrain disease?
Hepatic encephalopathy (PSS)
Hypoglycemia
Hydrocephalus
