Foundations

Question 1

Skeletal system

Answer 1

Support, protection of soft tissues; mineral storage; blood formation

Question 2

Muscular system major function

Answer 2

Locomotion, support, and heat production

Question 3

Nervous System Major Function

Answer 3

Directing immediate responses to stimuli ,usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems

Question 4

Endocrine system major function

Answer 4

Directing long term changes in the activities of other organ systems

Question 5

Cardiovascular system major function

Answer 5

Internal transport of cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases

Question 6

Lymphatic system major function

Answer 6

Defense against infection and disease

Question 7

Respiratory system major function

Answer 7

Delivery of air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood

Question 8

Digestive System major function

Answer 8

Processing of food and absorption of organic nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and water

Question 9

Urinary System major function

Answer 9

Elimination of excess water, salts, and waste products. Controls pH

Question 10

Reproductive system major function

Answer 10

Production of sex cells and hormones

Question 11

Supine

Answer 11

Lying face up

Question 12

Prone

Answer 12

Lying face down

Question 13

Proximal

Answer 13

Toward an attached base

Question 14

Medial

Answer 14

Toward the midline (towards umbilical)

Question 15

Lateral

Answer 15

Away from the midline

Question 16

Distal

Answer 16

Away from an attached base. (E.g. Fingers are distal to the wrist)

Question 17

Superficial

Answer 17

Towards the body surface

Question 18

Anterior or ventral

Answer 18

Front (belly side)

Question 19

Posterior or dorsal

Answer 19

The back or behind

Question 20

Cranial or cephalic

Answer 20

Toward the head

Question 21

Caudal

Answer 21

Toward the tail

Question 22

Transverse plane

Answer 22

Cuts body horizontally

Question 23

Sagittal plane

Answer 23

Cuts body vertically

Question 24

Frontal or coronal plane

Answer 24

Cuts body vertically but can see front of body

Question 25

What does the ventral body cavity contain?

Answer 25

Contains organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems

Question 26

Viscera

Answer 26

Organs that project into cavities. They change size and shape. They project into moist internal chambers that allow for expansion and limited movement

Question 27

What does he thoracic cavity contain?

Answer 27

Lung, heart, inferior portion of the esophagus, thymus

Question 28

What establishes the boundaries of the thoracic cavity?

Answer 28

Muscles and bones of the chest wall and diaphragm, muscular sheets that separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominal

Question 29

The pleural cavity contains

Answer 29

The lungs

Question 30

Pleura

Answer 30

Serous membrane that lines the pleural cavity. Reduces friction as the lung expands and recoils.

Question 31

Visceral pleura

Answer 31

Covers the outer surfaces of the lung

Question 32

Parietal pleura

Answer 32

Covers the opposing mediastinal surface and the inner body wall

Question 33

Mediastinum

Answer 33

Mass of connective tissue that surrounds, stabilizes, and supports the esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major blood vessels to and from heart

Question 34

Pericardial cavity

Answer 34

Small chamber that surrounds the heart. It is within the mediastinum

Question 35

Pericardium

Answer 35

Serous membrane covering the heart

Question 36

Visceral pericardium

Answer 36

Inner portion of the pericardial cavity that covers heart

Question 37

Parietal pericardium

Answer 37

Outer portion of the pericardial cavity

Question 38

What does the abdominal pelvic cavity contain?

Answer 38

Peritoneal cavity, abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

Question 39

Mesenteries

Answer 39

A double sheet of peritoneum that provides support and stability for the stomach, small intestine, and portion of the large intestine. In the peritoneal cavity

Question 40

Parietal of cavities usually means

Answer 40

Lining the body wall

Question 41

Visceral for body cavities usually means

Answer 41

Covering the enclosed organs

Question 42

What does the abdominal cavity contain?

Answer 42

Liver, stomach, spleen, kidneys, pancreas, small intestine and most of the large intestine.

Question 43

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 43

Inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity. Contains the last segment of the large intestine, urinary bladder, and various reproductive organs

Question 44

Cytology

Answer 44

Analyze the internal structures of cells

Question 45

Histology

Answer 45

Study of tissues

Question 46

What are the four basic tissue types?

Answer 46

Connective, epithelial, muscle, and neural

Question 47

What does microscopic anatomy allow us to do?

Answer 47

See structures that cannot be seen with the unaided eye

Question 48

Tissues in combination form

Answer 48

Organs

Question 49

Gross anatomy

Answer 49

Examination of large structures to the unaided eye

Question 50

Systemic approach of gross anatomy

Answer 50

Structure of major organ systems

Question 51

Essential elements in the body

Answer 51

Hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen

Question 52

What makes muscle cells different?

Answer 52

They contract shortening their longitudinal axis

Question 53

What are the 11 organ systems?

Answer 53

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive

Question 54

Respiration

Answer 54

Absorption, transport, and use of oxygen by cells

Question 55

Integumentary system major function

Answer 55

Protection from environmental hazards and temp control