FOUNDATIONS IN COMMUNICATION Flashcards by Ma. Clariza Luna

A complex process through which we
express, interpret, and coordinate messages
with others.

communication

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Are verbal utterance, visual images, and
nonverbal behaviors used to convey thoughts
and feelings.

messages

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We refer to the process of creating messages
as encoding in the process of interpreting
them as decoding.

messages

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process of creating messages

encode

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process of interpreting messages

decode

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is a response message that
indicate how the initial message was
interpreted.

feedback

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is a “mental library” of scripts
each of us draws from to create messages
based on what worked for us or others in the
past.

canned plan

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is an actual text of what to say and
do in a specific situation.

script

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HOW WE COMMUNICATE WITH:

With ourselves
Ø With other
Ø In a group
Ø To the public

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TYPES OF COMMUNICATION/ COMMUNICATION
SETTTING

Intrapersonal

Interpersonal

Small-group Communication

Public Communication

Mass Communication

Developmental Communication

Organizational Communication

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It also affects how we form and interpret
messages.

communication settings

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It differs based on the number of participants and
the level of formality in the interactions.

communication settings

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Refers to the interactions that occur in our minds
when we are talking to ourselves.

intrapersonal

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Mental activity which can help you assess
yourself.

intrapersonal

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communicating within

intrapersonal

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An informal interaction between two people who
have an identifiable relationship with each other.

interpersonal

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“inter” means?

across

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Face to face communication with one or two
people.

interpersonal

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Typically involves 3-20 people who come
together to communicate with one another.

small-group communication

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Delivered to audiences of more than 20 people.

public communication

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Delivered by individuals and entities through
mass media to large segments of the population
at the same time.

mass communication

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Its purpose is to gather and discuss things for
improvement/development in a certain
place/community/country.

developmental communication

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Its purpose is to boost economic and political
system within the region.

developmental communication

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refers to the forms and channels of
communication among members of
organizations such as corporations, nonprofits or
small businesses.

organizational communication

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flows from the managerial and executive levels to the staff through formal channels such as policy manuals, rules and regulations and organizational charts.

downward communication

Its initiated by staff and directed at executives; it frequently takes the form of a complaint or a request.

upward communication

occurs when colleagues meet to discuss issues of common interest, resolve problems and share information.

horizontal communication

communicates within the department or same rank/level.

Horizontal/Lateral Communication

communicates with the top management level without proper channeling who is the next in line or checking the hierarchy.

Crosswise/Diagonal Communication

is what we do when we encode a message.

message production

is what we do when we decode a message.

message interpretation

consists of the behavioral adjustments each participant makes in an attempt to create a shared meaning.

Interaction Coordination

occurs when the receiver’s interpretation is similar to what the speaker intended.

Shared meaning

are both the route traveled by the message and the means of transportation.

channels

Different Channels:

Social media platform, Online Conference, Face-to-face Conversations, Text, Messages, Handwritten messages/mails, and Non-verbal cues.

mode to transmit message

emoticons and acronyms

refers to how much and what kind of information can be transmitted via a particular channel.

media richness

is the richest channel because we can hear the verbal messages content and observe the nonverbal cues to interpret its meaning.

face-to-face

is the extent to which a channel allows for immediate feedback.

Synchronicity

also referred to as noise, is any stimulus that interferes with the process of achieving shared meaning.

interference

Noise can be physical or psychological. true or false

true

5 Charateristics of communication

Communication is CONTINUOUS Communication is IRREVERSIBLE Communication is SITUATED Communication is INDEXICAL Communication MESSAGES VARY IN CONCIOUS THOUGHT Communication is GUIDED by CULTURAL NORMS (hindi ba 6)

IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION: 1. We communicate to develop and maintain our sense of self. 2. We communicate to meet our social needs. 3. We communicate to develop and maintain relationships. 4. We communicate to exchange information. 5. We communicate to influence others.

Communication has a PURPOSE

IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION: It does not stop with speaking. We are always sending an interpreting message. Even silence communicates if another person infers meaning from it

Communication is CONTINUOUS

IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION: Once an exchange takes place, we can never go back in time and erase the communication. We might be able to repair the damage we have done, but the message has been communicated.

Communication is IRREVERSIBLE

It occurs within a specific setting that affects how the messages are produced, interpreted, and coordinated.

Communication is SITUATED

IDENTIFY WHAT CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNICATION: It reveals the status of our relationships. How we communicate is also an index or measure of the emotional temperature of our relationship at the time.

Communication is INDEXICAL

is the extent to which partners believe they can rely on, depend on, and have faith in their partners.

Trust

is the extent to which partners believe themselves to be “in charge” in the relationship.

Control

feedback that signals agreement about who is in control.

Complementary feedback

feedback that signals disagreement.

Symmetrical feedback

is the degree of emotional closeness in a relationship

Intimacy

Communication MESSAGES VARY IN CONCIOUS THOUGHT (T or F)

True

Our messages does not occur spontaneously, be based on a “script”, or be carefully constructed. (T or F)

False Our messages MAY OCCUR spontaneously, be based on a “script”, or be carefully constructed

are spoken without much conscious thought. Some messages are scripted and drawn from our canned planned libraries.

Spontaneous expressions

are formed carefully and thoughtfully when our known scripts are inadequate for the situation.

Constructed messages

Communication is GUIDED by CULTURAL NORMS (T or F)

Tru akla

may be defined as a system of shared beliefs, values, symbols, and behaviors.

Culture

An aspect/context in communication that includes the location, the environmental conditions, and the physical proximity of participants to each other.

Physical Situation

An aspect/context in communication that is the nature of the relationship that already exist between the participants.

Social Situation

An aspect/context in communication wherein the background is provided by previous communication between participants

Historical Situation

An aspect/context in communication that includes the beliefs, values, orientations, underlying assumptions, and rituals that belong to a specific culture.

Cultural Situation

includes the moods and feelings of each person brings to the encounter.

Physiological Situation

are moral principles held by a society, group, or individual that differentiate right from wrong.

Ethics

They label messages that are both ethical and appropriate as bright side messages. In contrast, the dark side messages are unethical and/or inappropriate.

Ethical Communicators

messages are somewhat ethical and unethical because they are honest, but also potentially damaging to the relationship.

"HARD dark side"

messages are somewhat ethical and unethical because they are dishonest in order to maintain a good relationship.

"Easy dark side" basta being fake ganon

messages are but disrespectful and damaging to the relationship.

"Evil dark side"

Ethical communicators are honest, acts with integrity, behave fairly, demonstrate respect, and are responsible (T or F)

(T)

What are the 5 characteristics that an ethical communicator possess?

1. Are Honest 2. Acts with Integrity 3. Behave Fairly 4. Demonstrate Respect 5. Responsible

It is the impression that communicative behavior is appropriate and affected in a given situation.

Communication Competence

Communication is effective when it achieves its goals and appropriate when it conforms to what is expected in a situation. (T or F)

True

It is achieved through personal motivation, knowledge acquisition, and skills practice. In these ways, we develop credibility and social ease.

Communication Competence

is a perception of the speaker’s knowledge, trustworthiness, and warmth.

Credibility

means managing communication apprehension so we do not appear nervous or anxious.

Social ease

What are the 2 types of motivation:

Intrinsic and Extrinsic motivation

Personal motivation or motivation within yourself.

Intrinsic Motivation

Being motivated/inspired by the people around you.

Extrinsic Motivation

It is the fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with other

Communication Apprehension

includes the moods and feelings of each person brings to the encounter.

Physiological Situation

What are the 4 types of apprehension?

1. Traitlike Communication Apprehension 2. Audience-based Communication Apprehension 3. Situational Communication Apprehension 4. Context-based Communication Apprehension

People who feel anxious in most speaking situations.

Traitlike Communication Apprehension

People who feel anxious about speaking only with a certain person or group of people

Audience-based Communication Apprehension

It is short-lived feeling of anxiety that occurs during a specific encounter.

Situational Communication Apprehension

An anxiety only in a particular situation.

Context-based Communication Apprehension