FT LAB: Metabolic Pathways

Question 1

is the study of chemical processes in living things

Answer 1

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 2

Looking at biological processes through a chemical lens

Answer 2

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 3

Focuses on the structure, properties, functions, and changes associated with biomolecules

Answer 3

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 4

are large, discrete molecules with biological function linked with their structure

Answer 4

BIOMOLECULES

Question 5

Biomolecules large classes

Answer 5

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids

Question 6

is the sum total of all biochemical reactions that take place in an organism

Answer 6

Metabolism

Question 7

TWO TYPES OF METABOLISM

Answer 7

1. o Anabolism
2. o Catabolism

Question 8

small molecules are converted to larger molecules; consumes energy in the process

Answer 8

o Anabolism

Question 9

large molecules are converted to smaller molecules; releases energy in the process

Answer 9

Catabolism

Question 10

is a series of biochemical reactions that converts starting materials into products

Answer 10

metabolic pathway

Question 11

generate a final product

Answer 11

Linear pathways

Question 12

regenerate the first reactant

Answer 12

Cyclic pathways

Question 13

TWO TYPES OF CELLS

Answer 13

1. Prokaryotic Cells
2. Eukaryotic Cells

Question 14

do not possess a nucleus

Answer 14

Prokaryotic Cells

Question 15

possess a nucleus where DNA is stored

Answer 15

Eukaryotic Cells

Question 16

cell boundary

Answer 16

Plasma membrane

Question 17

water-based internal environment of eukaryotic cells

Answer 17

Cytoplasm

Question 18

generates energy for the cell in the form of ATP

Answer 18

Mitochondria

Question 19

contains hydrolytic enzymes for degradation of large molecules

Answer 19

Lysosomes

Question 20

contains DNA

Answer 20

Nucleus

Question 21

site of protein synthesis

Answer 21

Ribosomes

Question 22

produces cellular/biochemical energy through oxidative phosphorylation (cellular respiration)

Answer 22

mitochondrion

Question 23

Transport proteins are found in facilitating the transport of molecules into and out of the membrane

Answer 23

Outer membrane

Question 24

Site of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) and ATP synthesis; ATP synthase complexes and other catalytic proteins

Answer 24

Inner membrane

Question 25

Site of Citric Acid Cycle and beta-Oxidation of fatty acids

Answer 25

Matrix

Question 26

Four general steps in the biochemical energy production process

Answer 26

1. Digestion
2. Acetyl group formation
3. Citric acid cycle
4. Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 27

Begins in mouth (saliva contains starch-digesting enzymes), continues in the stomach (gastric juices), and is completed in small intestine

Answer 27

STAGE 1: DIGESTION

Question 28

End product of Stage 2

Answer 28

acetyl CoA

Question 28

The small molecules from Stage 1 are further oxidized

Answer 28

STAGE 2: ACETYL GROUP FORMATION

Question 29

This stage involves numerous reactions which occur both in the cytosol as well as the mitochondria of the cells

Answer 29

STAGE 2: ACETYL GROUP FORMATION

Question 30

Takes place inside the mitochondria

Answer 30

STAGE 3: CITRIC ACID CYCLE

Question 31

Acetyl group is oxidized to produce CO2 and energy

Answer 31

STAGE 3: CITRIC ACID CYCLE

Question 32

Some energy produced in this stage is lost in the form of heat

Answer 32

STAGE 3: CITRIC ACID CYCLE

Question 33

The carbon dioxide we exhale comes primarily from this stage

Answer 33

STAGE 3: CITRIC ACID CYCLE

Question 34

Takes place in mitochondria

Answer 34

STAGE 4: ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

Question 35

NADH and FADH2 are oxidized to release H ions and electrons

Answer 35

STAGE 4: ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

Question 36

O2 inhaled is converted into H2O in this stage

Answer 36

STAGE 4: ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION