Lecture 4: Acids and Bases

Question 1

The behavior of acids and bases are described by two theories

Answer 1

1. Arrhenius Theory
2. Bronsted Lowry Theory

Question 2

substances that produce hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution

Answer 2

ACIDS

Question 3

substances that produce hydroxide ions (OH- ) in aqueous solutions

Answer 3

BASES

Question 4

THEORY: acids are proton (H+ ) donors while bases are proton acceptors

Answer 4

BRONSTED LOWRY THEORY

Question 5

are proton (H+ ) donors

Answer 5

Acids

Question 6

are proton acceptors

Answer 6

Bases

Question 7

Acid-base reactions possess

Answer 7

conjugate pairs

Question 8

Conjugate pairs are ______ in strength

Answer 8

opposite

Question 9

is the scale that indicates the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a solution

Answer 9

pH

Question 10

pH is determined by the amount of

Answer 10

hydronium ions (H3O+ ) present

Question 11

Basic solutions contain

Answer 11

hydroxide ions (OH-)

Question 12

pH low

Answer 12

acidic

Question 13

pH high

Answer 13

basic

Question 14

is the process where bonds in molecules and in ionic compounds split into ions

Answer 14

Dissociation

Question 15

Strong acids and bases dissociate _______

Answer 15

completely

Question 16

Weak acids and bases dissociate

Answer 16

partially

Question 17

Double arrows also indicate that a chemical reaction is in a state of

Answer 17

chemical equilibrium

Question 18

There are different methods in determining the pH of a solution or substance

Answer 18

1. pH paper
2. pH indicators
3. pH meter

Question 19

Cannot fully determine the exact level or in between

Answer 19

pH paper

Question 20

Cannot be used in highly colored liquids

Answer 20

pH indicators

Question 21

Most accurate and most expensive

Answer 21

pH meter

Question 22

The pH of blood and other body fluids is maintained by the body in a range between

Answer 22

7.35 to 7.45

Question 23

imbalance in metabolic or respiratory processes

Answer 23

physiological pH

Question 24

A drop in normal pH is referred to as

Answer 24

acidosis

Question 25

a rise in normal pH is referred to as

Answer 25

alkalosis

Question 26

Acidosis or alkalosis is further described as ________ if the pH change is caused by problems in the process of gas exchanges

Answer 26

respiratory

Question 27

pH when dissolved in water: Acid - Strong Base - Strong Salt - Neutral

Answer 27

7

Question 28

pH when dissolved in water: Acid - Strong Base - Weak Salt - Acidic

Answer 28

<7

Question 29

pH when dissolved in water: Acid - Weak Base - Strong Salt - Basic

Answer 29

>7

Question 30

THEORY: Describes ACIDS as substances that produce hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution and BASES as substances that produce hydroxide ions (OH- ) in aqueous solutions

Answer 30

Arrhenius Theory