Lecture 1

Question 1

a homogenous mixture that contains small particles

Answer 1

solution

Question 2

the substance present in a larger amount

Answer 2

Solvent

Question 3

the substance present in a lesser amount

Answer 3

Solute

Question 4

Ionic compounds dissolved in water yields an _________

Answer 4

electrolyte

Question 4

a homogenous mixture with larger particles often having an opaque appearance

Answer 4

colloid

Question 4

has water as a solvent

Answer 4

aqueous solution

Question 5

They do not settle out, dispersed uniformly throughout the mixture

Answer 5

COLLOIDS

Question 6

is a heterogeneous mixture that contains large particles suspended in a liquid

Answer 6

suspension

Question 7

Particles are so large they do not dissolve in a liquid

Answer 7

SUSPENSIONS

Question 8

Suspensions can be filtered away from the liquid or separated using a ______

Answer 8

centrifuge

Question 9

Blood has multiple components

Answer 9

o Solid components (blood cells)
o Liquid component (plasma)
o Dissolved substances (ions, proteins, gases)

Question 10

It exhibits properties of both a colloid and a suspension

Answer 10

Blood

Question 11

Size of RBC

Answer 11

7 to 8 micrometers in diameter

Question 12

Solution Particle Size

Answer 12

Small, <1 nm

Question 13

Colloid Particle Size

Answer 13

Larger, 1nm - 1um

Question 14

Suspension Particle Size

Answer 14

Large, > 1um

Question 15

The components cannot be separated by filtration

Answer 15

Solution

Question 16

The components cannot be separated by common filtration techniques

Answer 16

Colloid

Question 17

The components can be separated by filtration or centrifugation

Answer 17

Supension

Question 18

Settling YES or NO: Solution

Answer 18

No

Question 19

Settling YES or NO: Colloid

Answer 19

No

Question 19

Settling YES or NO: Suspension

Answer 19

Yes

Question 19

Ionic and polar covalent compounds are soluble in ________

Answer 19

polar solvents

Question 20

is the amount of solute that dissolves in a given amount of solvent

Answer 20

Solubility

Question 21

Nonpolar compounds are soluble in ________

Answer 21

nonpolar solvents

Question 22

is the interaction of solute and solvent molecules

Answer 22

Solvation

Question 23

are generally nonpolar and usually exhibit London dispersion forces

Answer 23

Organic compounds

Question 24

are soluble in organic solvents

Answer 24

Organic compounds

Question 25

Solutes dissolve in solvents through the process of _______

Answer 25

solvation

Question 26

A compound is soluble if it contains the following ions

Answer 26

* Group 1A cations: Li+ Na+ K+ Rb+ Cs+ * Ammonium: NH4

Question 27

A compound is soluble if it contains the following anions

Answer 27

* Halides: Cl-, Br-, I-(exceptions are Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+) * Nitrate: NO3- * Acetate: CH3COO- * Sulfate: SO42- (exceptions are Ba2+, Hg22+, Pb2+)

Question 28

result to the formation of ion combinations from aqueous reactants that are insoluble in water called precipitates

Answer 28

double replacement reactions

Question 29

Certain double replacement reactions result to the formation of ion combinations from aqueous reactants that are insoluble in water called ___________

Answer 29

precipitates

Question 30

The solubility of a gas in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid

Answer 30

Henry’s Law

Question 31

are properties of a solution that depends in the concentration or number of particles dissolved in a solution, but not its identity

Answer 31

Colligative properties

Question 32

Common colligative properties

Answer 32

o Boiling Point elevation o Freezing Point Depression o Osmotic Pressure

Question 33

Human sweat is a liquid solution with dissolved ionic compounds and other components incorporated into it that increases (elevates) its boiling point

Answer 33

BOILING POINT ELEVATION

Question 34

Ocean water does not completely freeze in artic regions because of the salts dissolved in it.

Answer 34

FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION

Question 35

The membrane that surrounds living cells is a _________

Answer 35

semipermeable membrane

Question 36

allow water and small molecules to pass across, but ions and large molecules cannot

Answer 36

Semipermeable membranes

Question 37

is the passage of a solvent, usually water, across a semipermeable membrane from a solution of low solute concentration to a solution of higher solute concentration

Answer 37

Osmosis

Question 38

is the pressure that prevents the flow of additional solvent into a solution on one side of a semipermeable membrane

Answer 38

Osmotic pressure

Question 39

Two solutions with the same osmotic pressure are said to be ________

Answer 39

isotonic

Question 40

Solutions isotonic to the body

Answer 40

o 0.92% (w⁄v) NaCl solution o 5.0% (w⁄v) glucose solution

Question 41

has a lower osmotic pressure than body fluids

Answer 41

hypotonic solution

Question 42

has a higher osmotic pressure than body fluids

Answer 42

hypertonic solution

Question 43

Water diffuses out of cell, so the cell shrinks

Answer 43

crenation

Question 44

when a person’s kidneys are incapable of removing waste products from blood, __________ is used.

Answer 44

hemodialysis