Functional Organization of the Cerebral Cortex Flashcards
(25 cards)
These areas of the cerebral cortex receive sensory information and involved in perception
Sensory areas
These areas of the cerebral cortex control the execution of voluntary movements
Motor areas
These areas of the cerebral cortex deal with more complex integrative functions such as memory, emotions, reasoning, will, judgement, personality traits and intelligence
The association areas
Location of most sensory impulse arrival
Posterior half of both cerebral hemispheres, behind the central sulci
These areas receive sensory information from peripheral sensroy receptors through lower regions of brain
The primary sensory areas
These are are often adjacent to the praimary areas and usually recdeive input from both the primary areas and other brain regions
Sensory association areas
Function of sensory association areas
Integrate sensory information to generate meaningful patterns of recognition and awareness
This sensroy area has a distorted map of the body that has sized areas based on number of receptors not on body part size. It is located directly behind the central sulcus, in the postcentral gyrus and it allows you to know where the sensation in your body is coming from (touch, pressure, pain, proprioception, etc)
Primary somatosensory area
This sensory area is found at the posterior tip of the occipital lobe along longitudinal fissure and receives visual information and is involved in visual perception
Primary Visual area
This sensory area is located in the superrior part of the temporal lobe near the lateral cerebral sulcus and receives information for sounds and auditory perception
Primary auditory area
This sensory area (43) is located in the insula and receives impulses for taste and is involved in gustatory perception and taste discrimination
The Primary Gustatory Area
Sensory area located in the temporal lobe on the medial aspect, receives inforamtion about smell and olfactory perception
The primary olfactory area
The motor area located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe and contains a map of the entire human body to send impulses to control vokluntary contractions of skeletal mucles or groups of muscles. Distored regions based on finer more skilled or delecate movement versus body part size or shape
The primary motor area
Distortion of motor or sensory map in the primary areas of the cerebral cortex
Senosry and motor homunculus
This motor area is located in the frontal lobe, close to the lateral cerebral sulcus. Found usually in left hemisphere. Sends impulses to premotor regions that control muscles of larynx, pharyncx, and mouth. Also send impulses to primary motor area to control breathing muscles to regualte air flow
Coordinated contraction of speech and breathing muscles allow you to speak your thoughts
Brocas Speech Area
These areas of the cerebrum contain association areas
Occipital, parietal, temporal and frontal lobes anterior the motor areas
This association area is just behind the primary sensory area and allows you to determine shape, texture, orientation, and store memories of past somatic snesory experiences
Somatosensory Association area
Thjs association area receives input from the primary visual area and thalamus; it relates present and past visual experiences and is essential for recognizing and evaluating what is seen
The visual association area
This is located inferior and posterior the primary auditory area in the temporal cortex. Allows recognition of sounds
Auditory association area
This posterior language area in the left temporal and parietal lobes interpret the meaning of speech and spoken words; right hemisphere of these areas adds eotional content to words
Wernickes
This association area is bordered by somatosensory, visual and auditory association areas; and receives impulses from those plus the primary gustatory area, primary olfactory area, the thalamus and parts of the brain stem and integrates sensory interpretations from the other areas allowing formation of thoughts based on sensory inputs then signals other parts of brain for response
Common Integrative Area
This frontal association area is an extensive area in the anterior portion of frontal lobe. Well developed in humans. HAs connections with other areas of cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system and cerebellum. Make up of personaility, intellect, complex learning abilities, judgement, foresight, intuition, conscience, mood and more
Prefrontal cortex
This is the area of the frontal lobe just anterior the primary motor area. It is responsible for movement control for sequenced and complex activitis. “muscle memory”
Sometimes part of premotor area
Controls voluntary scanning movements of the eyes
Functional asymmetry of the hemispheres is called
Heispheric lateralization
