Gastrointestinal Tract

Question 0

Abdominal viscera herniate into a ventral membranous sac

Answer 0

Omphalocele

Question 1

Thin non canalized cord replacing esophagus

MC at tracheal bifurcation

Answer 1

Esophageal atresia

Question 2

Failed involution of vitelline duct

Rule of 2s

Answer 2

Meckel's diverticulum
2% of the population
2 feet 85 cm of ileocecal valve
2 inches 5 cm long
2x MC in males
Age 2

Question 3

Olive sized abdominal mass
Second or third week of life
Regurgitation and nonbilious vomiting

Answer 3

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

Question 4

Viral esophagitis
HSV
CMV

Answer 4

Punched out ulcers

Shallow ulcerations

Question 5

Most frequent cause of esophagitis
Simple hyperemia
Basal zone hyperplasia exceeding 20%

Answer 5

Reflux esophagitis

Question 6

Esophageal adenoca precursor

Answer 6

Barett esophagus
Intestinal goblet cells
Distal third

Question 7

Sq cell ca of esophagus

Answer 7

Alcohol

Middle third

Question 8

Proximal duodenal ulcers in burn pts

Answer 8

Curling ulcers

Question 9

Gastric, duodenal and esophageal ulcers in pts with intracranial disease

Answer 9

Cushing ulcers

Question 10

Antral gastritis
Pit abscesses
MALT lymphoma

Answer 10

Helicobacter pylori gastritis

Question 11

Type A vs type B gastritis
Location
Infiltrate
Gastrin

Answer 11

A body macrophages inc

B antrum neutrophils dec

Question 12

Diffuse mucosal damage and glandular atrophy of oxyntic mucosa

Answer 12

Autoimmune gastritis

Question 13

MC location of PUD

Answer 13

Prox duodenum

Antrum

Question 14

Gastric adenoca
Signet ring cells
Mucin lakes

Answer 14

Diffuse infiltrative

Question 15

Gastric adenoca
Glandular structures
Mucin

Answer 15

Intestinal type

Question 16

Gastric adenoca

Stiffening of gastric walls

Answer 16

Desmoplastic reaction

Question 17

Gastric adenoca
Diffuse rugal thickening
Leather bottle appearance

Answer 17

Linitis plastica

Question 18

Palpable nodules in cul de sac

Answer 18

Blumer’s shelf

Gastric adenoca

Question 19

MC site of extranodal lymphomas

Answer 19

GI

Question 20

MC site of GI carcinoid

Answer 20

Ileum

Question 21

Salt and pepper chromatin

Synaptophysin and chromatogranin markers

Answer 21

Carcinoid

Question 22

Carney triad

Answer 22

Gastric GIST
Paraganglioma
Pulmonary chondroma

Question 23

MCC of ischemic bowel disease

Answer 23

Atherosclerosis

Question 24

Site at greatest risk for transmural infarction

Answer 24

Splenic flexure

Question 25

MC site of angiodysplasia

Answer 25

Cecum or R colon

Question 26

Cryptitis Crypt abscesses Crypt architecture is preserved

Answer 26

Campylobacter enterocolitis

Question 27

DOC for chronic carriers of salmonella in gallbladder

Answer 27

Ampicillin

Question 28

Enlargement of Peyer's patches Oval ulcers oriented along ileal axis Aggregates of macrophages replace small randomly scattered foci of hepatic parenchymal necrosis

Answer 28

Typhoid nodules Typhoid fever Salmonella typhi

Question 29

Diarrhea Weight loss Malabsorption

Answer 29

Whipple's disease

Question 30

Distended foamy macrophages that contain PAS positive diastase resistant granules

Answer 30

Whipple's triad

Question 31

Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn Ulcerative Colitis

Answer 31

Crohn any area of GIT transmural | UC colon and rectum mucosa and submucosa

Question 32

``` Skip lesions Strictures Thick wall Deep knife like ulcers Marked lymphoid reaction, fibrosis and serositis Granulomas and fistulae Malabsorption Recurrence after surgery ```

Answer 32

Crohn

Question 33

Superficial broad ulcers Malignant potential Toxic megacolon

Answer 33

UC

Question 34

Aphthous ulcer Cobblestone appearance Paneth cell metaplasia Non caseating granulomas

Answer 34

Crohn

Question 35

Extraintestinal | Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Answer 35

UC

Question 36

Small flasklike outpouchings Epiploic appendices Absent muscularis propia in walls

Answer 36

Sigmoid diverticulitis

Question 37

MC site and sx of juvenile polyp

Answer 37

Rectum | Bleeding

Question 38

Hamartomatous polyps with arborizing networks

Answer 38

Peutz Jeghers

Question 39

Mucosal protrusions with serrated architecture without malignant potential

Answer 39

Hyperplastic polyps

Question 40

Large sessile polyps covered by slender villi in the colon

Answer 40

Villous adenomas

Question 41

Intestinal polyps | Osteomas of mandible, skull and long bones

Answer 41

Gardner syndrome

Question 42

Intestinal adenomas | CNS tumors

Answer 42

Turcot syndrome

Question 43

MC malignancy of GIT | Risk factor

Answer 43

Colorectal adenoca | Diet

Question 44

Colorectal adenoca | Poor prognosis

Answer 44

Mucin accumulation

Question 45

R colon ca | L colon ca

Answer 45

IDA | Bowel changes or LLQ pain

Question 46

MC mets site for colonic adenoca

Answer 46

Liver

Question 47

Dilation of inf/sup hemorrhoidal plexus

Answer 47

Ext/int

Question 48

Bacterial peritonitis

Answer 48

E coli S aureus C perfringens

Question 49

SBP absence of an obvious source of contamination

Answer 49

Cirrhosis | E coli

Question 50

Dull and lusterless peritoneun Serous or slightly turbid peritoneal fluid Creamy suppurative material

Answer 50

Peritonitis