General Plan

Question 1

the majority of animals we deal with:

Answer 1

have a vertebral column, are symmetrical, paired structures on right and left halves, and unpaired structures on midline

Question 2

what are examples of paired structures on right and left halves?

Answer 2

ribs, limbs, eyes, and ears

Question 3

what are examples of unpaired structures on midline?

Answer 3

tongue, trachea, heart and liver

Question 4

many vertebrates have how many body cavities?

Answer 4

3

Question 5

what 3 body cavities are there?

Answer 5

1 dorsal and 2 ventral cavities

Question 6

what does the dorsal cavity contain?

Answer 6

CNS, special coverings, fluid within the cavity

Question 7

what are the 2 ventral cavities?

Answer 7

craniad and caudad

Question 8

what are the ventral cavities lined with?

Answer 8

serous membrane

Question 9

what is suspended within the 2 ventral cavities?

Answer 9

viscera

Question 10

what is within each cavity?

Answer 10

fluid

Question 11

what is the abdominal cavity divided by?

Answer 11

brim of pelvis

Question 12

what does the abdominal cavity contain?

Answer 12

kidneys, most of GI, variable amounts of reproductive organs

Question 13

what does the pelvic cavity contain?

Answer 13

rectum, parts or urogenital system not found in abdominal cavity, variable amounts of reproductive organs

Question 14

what is the thoracic cavity lined with?

Answer 14

pleura

Question 15

what are the lungs suspended by?

Answer 15

mediastinum

Question 16

what is the heart suspended by?

Answer 16

pericardium

Question 17

what does the thoracic cavity contain?

Answer 17

lungs, heart, lymph nodes, thymus, aorta, vena cava, nerves, esophagus

Question 18

what is the abdominopelvic cavity lined with?

Answer 18

peritoneum

Question 19

what covers the ventral surface of the contents in the abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 19

omentum

Question 20

what is the GI tract suspended by?

Answer 20

mesentery

Question 21

omentum, GI tract, liver cranial, urinary tract dorsal, female reproductive tract dorsal, abdomen aorta and caudal vena cava, adrenal glands, lymph nodes and nerves are contained in what cavity?

Answer 21

abdominopelvic cavity

Question 22

what urinary tract organs are kept in the abdominal pelvic cavity?

Answer 22

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

Question 23

what is the uterus suspending by?

Answer 23

fold of peritoneum

Question 24

what are the special coverings on in the dorsal cavity pertaining to the nervous system called?

Answer 24

meninges

Question 25

serous membranes form what within the cavity?

Answer 25

continuous sac

Question 26

how thick are serous membranes?

Answer 26

one cell layer thick

Question 27

what do serous membranes look like?

Answer 27

very smooth and glistening

Question 28

what does serous fluid look like?

Answer 28

normally clear to pale yellow

Question 29

what does serous fluid serve as for organs?

Answer 29

lubricant

Question 30

there is no what in the sac?

Answer 30

air space

Question 31

there is not what between organs?

Answer 31

space

Question 32

parietal peritoneum covers what?

Answer 32

the wall

Question 33

visceral peritoneum covers what?

Answer 33

the viscera

Question 34

what is mesentery?

Answer 34

the fold of peritoneum that suspends the intestines

Question 35

what is the root of mesentery?

Answer 35

where the mesentery leaves and rejoins the wall

Question 36

what can the omentum store large amounts of?

Answer 36

fat

Question 37

what does the omentum serve as?

Answer 37

a protective function by covering areas of inflammation and isolating them from the rest of the body until they heal

Question 38

what does peritoneal fluid look like?

Answer 38

clear to pale yellow

Question 39

what does peritoneal fluid reduce?

Answer 39

friction between the abdominal organs

Question 40

what does the pericardial sac look like?

Answer 40

smooth surface

Question 41

what is serous fluid called in the thoracic cavity?

Answer 41

pleural fluid

Question 42

what does pleural fluid combine with?

Answer 42

smooth surfaces of the visceral pleura

Question 43

what does pleural fluid reduce?

Answer 43

friction in the chest cavity