GI 5 Flashcards
(21 cards)
What causes an abscess?
any inflammation or infection can infiltrate and cause an abscess
What is the most common cause of abscess?
staph infection
What are the manifestations of a psoas abscess?
- fever with fluctuating pattern
- night sweats
- abd pain
- loss of appetite or GI upset
- back, pelvic, abd, hip, and/or knee pain
- antalgic gait
- palpable, tender mass
psoas abscess: antalgic gait due to
reflexive spasm
This test may reveal an abscess
iliopsoas MMT
What is a hernia?
weakness of the abd wall through which part of the bowel pushes
What are hernias caused by?
- weakness in peritoneal cavity
- congenital or acquired weakness of abd musculature
Most common types of hernias?
- inguinal (direct or indirect)
- femoral
- umbilical
- incisional
Hiatal hernia aka
diaphragmatic
When does a hiatal hernia occur?
- lower esophageal (cardiac) sphincter becomes enlarged
- allows stomach to pass through diaphragm into the thoracic cavity
Causes of hiatal hernias?
- congenital
- acquired
congenital hiatal hernia
- failure of formation OR
- fusion of multiple developmental components of the diaphragm
hiatal hernia: prevalence
- very common
- incidence increases with age
- affects up to 60% of people over 60
Causes of increased intraabdominal pressure
- lifting
- straining
- bending over
- prolonged sitting/standing
- chronic or forceful cough
- vigorous exercise
- pregnancy
- ascites
- obesity
- CHF
- low-fiber diet
- constipation
- delayed BM
What is appendicitis?
inflammation of vermiform appendix
Who commonly gets appendicitis?
- adolescents
- young adults
Why does appendicitis usu require surgery?
- may rupture, leading to peritonitis
- could lead to psoas abscess
These conditions are commonly mistaken for appendicitis (omit female specific ones)
- Crohn’s dz
- perforated duodenal ulcer
- gallbladder attack
- R sided kidney infection
These conditions are commonly mistaken for appendicitis (female specific)
- ruptured ectopic pregnancy
- hemorrhaging ovarian follicle
most important sign of appendicitis
PAIN
- periumbilical
- epigastric
- RLQ/flank
- R thigh/groin
Aside from pain, what are the other s/s of appendicitis?
- abd involuntary mm guarding and rigidity
- (+) McBurney’s point and/or pinch an inch test
- rebound tenderness
- N/V
- low grade fever
- coated tongue and bad breath
