Hepatic, Pancreatic, Biliary 2 Flashcards
hepatic and biliary s/s: most acute conditions include:
- hepatitis
- drug-induced hepatitis
- ingestion of hepatotoxins
hepatic and biliary s/s: pain referral patterns
- mid-back
- scapular
- R shoulder
hepatic and biliary s/s: jaundice
- occurs when bilirubin increases to 5-6 mg/dL
- may see in sclera of eye first
normal bilirubin
~ 1-2 mg/dL
Why might a pt with hepatic s/s have anorexia?
eating causes pain
pruritis =
itching
What are the opaque nails of liver disease called?
nails of Terry
sign of cirrhosis
xanthelasma
Get increased what with poor liver cleansing?
- bilirubin
- vascular dilation
- estrogen
- blood toxins
↑ bilirubin, vascular dilations,↑estrogen, and ↑ blood toxins due to poor cleansing in the liver can result in
- spider angioma
- pruritis
- bruising
- palmar erythema
- opaque nails
- xanthelasma (cirrhosis)
- flapping tremor
- ascites
spider angioma
permanently enlarged and dilated capillaries visible on skin surface
xanthelasma =
- multiple soft yellow plaques involving the eyelid
- lipid laden foam cells cluster around vessels
How is ammonia normally processed?
- ammonia produced by protein breakdown in the intestines
- liver normally transforms to urea, glutamine, and asparagine » excretes via renal system
Why do we get a flapping tremor in liver dysfunction?
- liver cannot metabolize and detoxify ammonia
- ammonia transported to brain
What happens when ammonia goes to the brain?
- reacts with glutamate to make glutamine
- impairs neurotransmission
- leads to CNS dysfunction
