Hormones 2

Question 1

Function of estrogen

Answer 1

initiates puberty, including

• maturation of sexual organs
• subcutaneous fat stores
• closure of epiphyseal plates
• widening of pelvic girdle

Question 2

Progesterone function

Answer 2

• less important in sexual maturation

- more involved with facilitating and maintaining pregnancy

Question 3

FSH released by anterior pituitary in this phase

Answer 3

Follicular

Question 4

FSH function

Answer 4

Matures into ovum

Question 5

FSH and LH in the menstrual cycle

Answer 5

• LH released by ant pituitary at menstrual midpoint

- smaller burst of FSH for ovulation

Question 6

_____ releases the ovum, then becomes infiltrated by lipids (_________)

Answer 6

• follicle

- corpus luteum

Question 7

Small amounts of these are produced by the ovaries

Answer 7

Male hormones (androgens)

Question 8

Primary functions of the menstrual cycle in the nonpregnant postpubescent female

Answer 8

• stimulate the ovaries to produce an ovum that is available for fertilization
• prep the endometrium of the uterus for implantation should fertilization occur

Question 9

What happens during ovulation?

Answer 9

• Just prior to cycle’s midpoint, ant pituitary secretes sudden burst of LH
• smaller burst of FSH also occurs
• mature follicle ruptures, releasing the ovum from the ovary
• ovum travels toward uterus via fallopian tubes

Question 10

What happens to the follicle after releasing the ovum?

Answer 10

• becomes infiltrated with lipids

- referred to as the corpus luteum

Question 11

What controls the second half of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 11

Corpus luteum

Question 12

What happens to the corpus luteum?

Answer 12

• continues to grow for about 1 week post ovulation, secreting estrogen and progesterone
• thickens uterine lining
• progesterone stimulates mucus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg

Question 13

What happens to the corpus luteum if there is no fertilization?

Answer 13

• corpus luteum regresses (no longer supported by burst of hormones)
• menstruation occurs

Question 14

What happens if the egg is fertilized?

Answer 14

• Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is released
• takes over the role of LH
• prevents destruction of corpus luteum

Question 15

Parturition =

Answer 15

Childbirth

Question 16

How long does the corpus luteum persist in pregnancy and what does it do?

Answer 16

• Until 9-14th week of gestation

- facilitates uterine environment

Question 17

What produces estrogen and progesterone after the corpus luteum goes away?

Answer 17

Placenta

Question 18

In addition to producing estrogen and progesterone, what does the placenta do?

Answer 18

Facilitates development of mammary glands for lactation

Question 19

____ (hormone) may play a role in parturition

Answer 19

Estrogen