GI Final Details Flashcards
(47 cards)
The crypts of keiberkuhn are found in what part of the intestine?
The Jejunum
What is a defining feature of the ilieum on histology?
Peyers patches in the lamina promria and submucosa
Crypts
Most number of goblet cells in small intestine
DOC for diverticulitis
Metronidazole and a Flurorquinolone
Meckel diverticulum associations
Rule of 2’s
- 2 inches long
- 2 feet from the iliocecal valve
- 2% of population
- 2 years of life
- 2 tissue types (gastric and pancreatic)
- 2x more common in males
Currant jelly stools- What is it and what is a major association?
Intussuception–> GI tumors (mostly idiopathic in children)
Layers of GI and location of nervous bundles
Mucosa
Submucosa–> contains meissners plexus
Muscularis Propria–> further divided into the inner circular and outer longitudinal. Between these two lies Auerbach’s (meyenteric) plexus
Serosa
Mutations involved in FAP
Mutation of APC gene (autosomal-dominant)
–>K-RAS mutation–> loss of P53–> tumors
FAP with osseus and soft tissue tumors
Gardener’s syndrome
FAP and a malignant CNS tumor (like mudulloblastoma)
Turcot Syndrome (turcot=turban=head tumor)
Apple core lesion on barium enema
colorectal cancer
Marker for Colorectal cancer? How about pancreatic cancer?
CEA
- CA-19-9 and CEA
Whic mutation allows progression from adenomas to carcinomas in CRC?
Loss of p53
Mechanism by which Aspirin causes Reye syndrome
aspirin metabolites inhibit B-oxidation by reversible inhibition of mitochondrial enzyme
–>fatty liver, hepatoencephalopathy
What is the only case in which you will use aspirin in a child?
Kawasaki Dz
Characteristic cell seen on biopsy of alcoholic hepatits
Mallory bodies
Increased risk with exposure to arsenic and PVC
Angiosarcoma of the liver
How do you differentiate Budd-chiari syndrome caused by Right heart failure from that caused by IVC occlusion?
JVD will be present in an individual with RHF
What gene is resposible for the excretion of copper in the bile?
ATP7B–> deficient in wilson disease as well as copper unable to enter circulation as ceruloplasmin
Serum iron findings in hemochromotosis?
Increased Ferritin
Increased Iron
Decreased TIBC (transporters are all bound)
Increased transferrin saturation (accounts for TIBC)
Type of cardiac issue in hemochromotosis?
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
(Restrictive like a dog on a LEASH–> Loeffler syndrome, Endocardial elastosis, Amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, hemochromotosis)
Difference in etiologies between primary and secondary biliary cirrhosis
Primary–> autoimmune (anti-mitochondiral ab)
Secondary–> due to some secondary obstriction (stone, tumor in pancreas head, etc)
Tx of 1’ biliary cirrhosis?
Ursadiol
Primary finding in primary sclerosing cholangitis?
Onion skin bile duct fibrosis
intra and extra-hepatic ducts
1’ sclerosing cholangitis is associated with what disease?
Ulcerative colitis
