MOA and DOC

Question 1

DOC for gonorrhea:

What else should always be treated?

Answer 1

Ceftriaxone

AND

Azithromycin or doxycycline for chlamydia

Question 2

Antiviral that does not need to be activated by enzymes and inhibits both DNA polymerase and DNA-dependant-RNA-polymerase?

Answer 2

Foscarnet

Used in HIV/AIDS and in gancyclovir resistant CMV

Question 3

MOA and indication for donepazil?

Answer 3

Alzheimers

AChEi

Question 4

Memantine MOA and use?

Answer 4

Alheimer’s

NMDA receptor antagonist

Question 5

Legionella DOC

Answer 5

Erythromycin (macrolide)

Question 6

Psuedomonas DOC

Answer 6

Aminoglycosides

Neomycin

Gentimycin

Streptomycin

Tobramycin

Question 7

Lyme disease DOC

Answer 7

Ceftriaxone and doxicycline

Question 8

DOC for gardnerella vaginalis and trichamonas vaginalis

Answer 8

Metronidazole

+/- erythromycin

Question 9

DOC for giardia

Answer 9

Metronidazole

Question 10

DOC for entomoeba hiatolytica?

Answer 10

Metronidazole

idoquinol for asymptomatic cyst passers

Question 11

MOA of Carbamazepine?

Answer 11

Blacks voltage gated Na channels in the CNS

Question 12

DOC for patient with aspiration pneumonia?

Answer 12

Clindamycin

Question 13

MOA of Heparins

Answer 13

bind tightly to antithrombin

Question 14

MOA and use of Colchicine?

Answer 14

Binds to and inhibits polymerization of microtubules

Acute gout

Question 15

Low potency tyical antipsychotics

Answer 15

Chlorpromazine

Thioridizine

(THey’re CHill and easy to RID)

Question 16

Antipsychotic associated with diabetes

Answer 16

Olanzapine

Question 17

Antipsychotic associated with agranulocytosis

Answer 17

Clozapine

Question 18

Atypical antipsychotics

Answer 18

Olanzepine

Rispiridone

Aripiprazole

Clozapine

Quetiapine

Question 19

Which antipsychotics cause NMS? Tx?

Answer 19

High potency typicals

Dantrolene and Bromocryptine

(e.g. Haloperidol, fluphenazine, loxapine, thiothixine, triflyperazine)

Question 20

Tx of Toxoplasmosis

Answer 20

Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine

Question 21

Which of the anxiolytics has no hypnotic or sedative effects?

What is it’s disadvantage?

Answer 21

Buspirone

–>Takes a long time to act (~2 weeks)

–>No addiction

Question 22

Most important toxicity associated with Isoniazid

Answer 22

Hepatotoxicity

Question 23

Prophylaxis for mycobacterium in AIDS pts

Answer 23

Azithromycin

Question 24

Histoplasma prophylaxis in AIDS pts

Answer 24

Itraconazole

Question 25

MOA of fenasteride

Answer 25

Inhibits 5-alpha-reductase normally converts testosterone to DHT --\>induces hair growth

Question 26

Inhibit dihydropteroin synthase

Answer 26

Sulfonamides --\>sulfamethoxazole, sulfisoxazole, sulfadiazine

Question 27

Common use of TMP-SMX

Answer 27

UTI pneumocystis jirovecii (tx and prophylaxis) Shitgella Salmonella

Question 28

inhibits topisomerase II

Answer 28

Fluroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin) \*do not take with antiacids

Question 29

Fluroquinolones useful in treatment of

Answer 29

G(-) infections of the urinary and GI Pseudomondas, neisseria

Question 30

Most important side effect associated with fluroquinolones

Answer 30

cartilage damage and tendon rupture

Question 31

MOA of metronidazole

Answer 31

Formation of free radicals that damage DNA

Question 32

Infections treated with metronidazole

Answer 32

GET GAP on the Metro(nidazole) **G**iaridia **E**ntomoeba histolytica **T**rchomonas **G**ardernella **A**naerobes **P**ylori (H. pylori)

Question 33

Important SE of metronidazole

Answer 33

Disulfuram like reaction

Question 34

What drug is used as prophylaxis in cystic fibrosis? For what infection?

Answer 34

Fluroquinolones (pseudomonas mostly)

Question 35

Penecillin blocks what enzyme

Answer 35

Transpeptidase

Question 36

Infection commonly tx'ed with penicillin

Answer 36

Syphillis (treponema pallidum) Penicillin G

Question 37

Used to tx S. aureus except MRSA

Answer 37

Oxacillin, nafcillin, dicloxacillin

Question 38

Aminopenicillins

Answer 38

Ampicillin and amoxicillin

Question 39

What organisms are commonly Tx'ed with aminopenicillins?

Answer 39

HELPSS **H**aemophilus **E**. coli **L**isteria **P**roteus miribilis **S**almonella **S**higella

Question 40

Penicillins with major antipseudomonal activity

Answer 40

Ticacillin and pipercillin

Question 41

Beta-lactamase inhibitors typically added to penicillins to increase their efficacy

Answer 41

Clvulinic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam

Question 42

1st gen cephalosporins What do they Tx

Answer 42

Cefazolin and cephalexin PEcK Proteus E. coli Klebsiella

Question 43

2nd gen cephalosporins and indications

Answer 43

Cefoxitin, cefaclor, and cefuroxime HEN PEcKS Haemophilus Enterobacter Neisseria Proteus E. coli Klebsiella Serratia

Question 44

3rd cephalosporins and indications

Answer 44

Ceftriaxone (meningitis and gonorrhea) and ceftazidine pseudomonas

Question 45

4th gen cephalosporins and indication

Answer 45

Cefipime Pseudomonas

Question 46

Tx of UTI in pregnant female

Answer 46

Nitrofurantoin inhibits bacterial ribosomes

Question 47

Vancomycin MOA and common resistance

Answer 47

D-ala-D-ala inhibition D-ala-D-lac is common mutation resulting in VRE and other resistant strains

Question 48

Buy AT 30 CCEL at 50

Answer 48

Aminoglycosides and tetracyclines inhibit 30s Chloramphenicol and clindamycin, erythromycin (macrolides) and linezolid inhibit 50s

Question 49

Aminoglycoside drugs, major SE and major indications

Answer 49

Gentamicin, neomicin, stroptomycin Inhibit formation of the initiation complex and cause misreading (also block translocation) --\>serious G(-) rod infections Neprotoxic and ototoxic

Question 50

What drugs will increase the toxicity of aminoglycosides?

Answer 50

Loop diuretics

Question 51

How is doxycycline eliminated? What impact on usage does this have?

Answer 51

Fecally (Dukee-cycline) Can be used in pts with renal failure

Question 52

Usage of demeclocycline

Answer 52

ADH antagonist--\> Tx of SIADH

Question 53

Major indications for tetracycline therapy?

Answer 53

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Question 54

Tetracycline teratogenicity

Answer 54

discoloration of teeth

Question 55

Used to tx sterptococcal infection in Pts allergic to penicillin

Answer 55

Macrolides Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin

Question 56

Indications for macro-slides?

Answer 56

atypical pneumona--\> mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella STD--\> chlamydia G+ cocci in pts allergic to penicillin

Question 57

Antimicrobial drug that causes red-green color blindness

Answer 57

Ethambutol Optic neuropathy

Question 58

What drug should always be given to neonates with suspected meningitis?

Answer 58

Ampicillin to cover listeria

Question 59

Purine analogue that is highly resistant to degredation by adenosine demainase and is use in the Tx of hair cell leukemia

Answer 59

Cladribine