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GlaucomaFC Flashcards

1
Q

AD meaning

A

AD: right ear

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2
Q

AS meaning

A

AS: left ear

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3
Q

AU meaning

A

AU: each ear

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4
Q

OD meaning

A

OD: right eye

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5
Q

OS meaning

A

OS: left eye

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6
Q

OU meaning

A

OU: each eye

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7
Q

Glaucoma definitions

A

eye disease caused by an increase in intraocular pressure

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8
Q

which glaucoma is treated in the hosp vs otc?

A

Angle closure or closed Angle are treated in hospital and is a medical emergency

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9
Q

which glaucoma is treated w/ dropes

A

Open Angle glaucoma is most commonly treated with eye drops

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10
Q

Risk Factors for glaucoma

A

Family history
Increased age
African Americans
Nearsightedness
history of eye surgeries
Diabetes

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11
Q

travatan Z generic and class

A

travoprost prostaglanding analog

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12
Q

lumigan generic and class

A

bimatoprost prostaglandin analog

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13
Q

xalatan

A

latanoprost prostaglanding analog

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14
Q

Drugs that May Increase IOP

A

Cough/cold/motion sickness medications (antihistamines)
Anticholinergics
Chronic corticosteroids
Topiramate

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15
Q

Glaucoma Medication Therapy drug clases

A

Beta blockers (Nonselective)
Prostaglandin analogs
Miotics
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Adrenergics

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16
Q

timoptic generic and class

A

timolol beta blocker

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17
Q

betagan

A

levobunolol beta blocker

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18
Q

ocupress

A

cartelol beta blocker

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19
Q

Optiprandol

A

metopranolol beta blocker

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20
Q

how to beta blockers tx glaucomae

A

Reduce aqueous humor production

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21
Q

se of beta blockers in eye drops

A

SE: burning, stinging or itching, changes in vision, Increased light sensitivity

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22
Q

which pts to avoid beta blockers

A

Avoid in asthma, COPD, Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, advanced cardiac disease

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23
Q

Prostaglandin Analogs names of 3 that treat glaucoma

A

Travoprost (Travatan Z), bimatoprost (Lumigan), latanoprost (Xalatan)

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24
Q

how to prostaglanding analogs work for glaucomae?

A

increase aqueous outflow

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25
when to apply prostaglandin analogs in the eyes
Once daily at night (do not administer with contact lenses)
26
se of prostaglandin analalog
SE: increase in brown pigment in the iris and gradual change in eye color, eyelash growth, darkening of skin around eyelash, eye redness, tearing, eye pain, lid crusting
27
which prostalanding for increasing eyelashes
bimatoprost indicated for eyelash growth
28
which of the three prostalgandin analogs needs to be in the fridge (eyedrops)
Store unopened latanoprost bottles in refrigerator
29
Prostaglandin Analog Counseling Specifics
Remove contact lenses (wait 15 minutes after medication to put back in) increase in brown pigment and gradual changes in eye color, eyelash growth
30
which of the three prostalgandin analogs needs to be in the fridge (eyedrops)
latanoprost (Xalatan) must be refrigerated
31
Miotics names of generics
Carbachol (Isopto, Miostat), pilocarpine (Isopto, Pilopine)
32
how to miotics work?
increase aqueous outflow
33
dosing of miotics ?
1 to 2 drops 3x daily carbachol pilocarpin is up to 6x a day
34
who should caution for miotics ?
Use caution with history of retinal detachment or corneal abrasion
35
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors used for glaucomea
Acetazolamide (Diamox), brinzolamide (Azopt), dorzolamide (Trusopt), dorzolamide/Timolol (Cosopt)
36
dosing of carboinic anhydrase inhibitors for glaucoma
Acetazolamide are 250/500 mg caps 1-4x/daily Azopt, Trusopt are 3x/daily
37
se of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for glaucoma
SE: bitter or unusal taste
38
Adrenergics for glaucoma
Apraclonidine (Iopidine), brimonidine (Alphagan P), dipivefrin (Propine)
39
moa adrenergics for glaucoma
increase aqueous outflow, Reduce production
40
dosing of lopidine and alphagan eyedrops
Iopidine, Alphagan are dosed TID
41
se of adrenergics glaucoma
SE: can cause macular edema and eye irriation
42
Patient Counseling (Eye Drops)
Wash hands Shake a few times Press a finger between your eye and the top of your nose for at least 1 minute Wait at least 10 minutes to put a second medicine or drop in
43
Agents Known to Cause Vision Changes/Damage
Alpha blockers Amiodarone Bisphosphonates Digoxin Ethambutol, linezolid Hydroxycholoroquine Isoniazid Isotretinoin Quinolones Sildenafil Tamoxifen Telithromycin Voriconazole
44
Allergic Conjunctivitis definitiosn
Following irritation the eyes can become red, swollen, and itchy
45
what can cause allergic conjunctivitis?
Irritant include bacteria, viruses, allergens
46
OTC Medications for Allergic Conjunctivitis names ?
Antihistamine/Decongestant: naphazoline/pheniramine (NaphconA, OpconA, VisineA) Antihistamine: ketotifen (Zaditor, Alaway)
47
Prescription Medications for Allergic Conjunctivitis (antihistaimes, NSAID, mast cell stabilizers, steroids)
Antihistamine: levocetirizine (Xyzal), emedastine (Emadine) NSAID: ketorolac (Acular) Mast Cell Stabilizer: cromolyn, lodoxamine (Alomide), nedocromil (Alocril), pemirolast (Alamast) Antihistamine/Mast Cell Stabilizer: azelastine (Optivar), epinastine (Elestat), olopatadine (Patanol) Steroids: dexamethasone Na+, loteprednol (Alrex, Lotemax), medrysone (HMS Liquifilm), prednisolone can be caused by medicatons (primarily Anticholinergics or antihistamines), enviromental triggers, or imbalance in tear production
48
Dry Eyes
can be caused by medicatons (primarily Anticholinergics or antihistamines), enviromental triggers, or imbalance in tear production
49
tx for dry eyes names of brands
Treatment: artificial tears (Systane, Refresh, Clear eyes, Liquifilm)
50
Cyclosporine Emulsion Eye Drops for drey eye
Restasis
51
dosing of restasis?
1 drop to each eye twice daily
52
should a person remove lenses before restasis?
do not administer while wearing contacts
53
se of restasis
SE (well tolerated): burning, stinging, itching, redness, pain, blurred vision
54
azastie generic eyedrops and sotrage
Azithromycin (Azastie): Store in refrigerator
55
vigamox
Moxifloxacin (Vigamox)
56
besivance
Besifloxacin (Besivance)
57
most common antibiotic eyedrops
Tobramycin/dexamethasone
58
ciloxan
Ciprofloxacin (Ciloxan)
59
ocuflox
Ofloxacin (Ocuflox)
60
garamycin
Gentamicin (Garamycin)
61
tobrex
Tobramycin (Tobrex)
62
Aurlagan and indication
Antipyrine and benzocaine (A/B Otic, Auralgan) Swimmer's Ear, Otitis Media Pain
63
americaine otic and indication
benzocaine (Americaine Otic) Swimmer's Ear, Otitis Media Pain
64
ciproHC and indication
Ciprofloxacin/hydrocortisone (Cipro HC) Swimmer's Ear, Otitis Media Pain
65
ciprodex and indication
Ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone (Ciprodex) Swimmer's Ear, Otitis Media Pain
66
floxin otic and indication
Ciprofloxacin (Floxin Otic) Swimmer's Ear, Otitis Media Pain
67
cortisporin TC and indication
Neomycin/hydrocortisone (CortisporinTC) Swimmer's Ear, Otitis Media Pain
68
Ear Wax Removal 3 agents generic names
Carbamide peroxide (Debrox) Triethanolamine (Cerumenex) Antipyrine and benzocaine (Auralgan)
69
cerumenex
Triethanolamine (Cerumenex)
70
auralagan
Antipyrine and benzocaine (Auralgan)
71
debrox
carbamide peroxide

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