Gram - negative bacilli, non spore forming part 2

Question 1

It is also known as the ―”plague bacillus”

Answer 1

Yersinia pestis

Question 2

It is a class A bioterrorism agent

Answer 2

Yersinia pestis

Question 3

It is the only enterobacterium that is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected flea

Answer 3

yersinia pestis

Question 4

It is the causative agent of the bubonic plague

Answer 4

yersinia pestis

Question 5

It can be isolated on a routine culture media, and grows best at 25C to 30C

Answer 5

Yersinia pestis

Question 6

Vector of Yersinia pestis

Answer 6

Xenopsylla cheopis (oriental rat flea)

Question 7

Its reservoir is the rats

Answer 7

Yersinia pestis

Question 8

Virulence factors of Yersinia pestis

Answer 8

Endotoxin, coagulase, and fibrinolysin

Question 9

Microscopy: Short, plump rod with a bipolar body or a ―”closed safety pin” appearance

Answer 9

Yersinia pestis

Question 10

Broth- Colonies have a ―stalactite-shaped‖ pattern

Answer 10

Yersinia pestis

Question 11

It is a disease of the rodents that is caused by Yersinia pestis and is transmitted to humans
through flea bites

Answer 11

Plague

Question 12

Humans may also acquire it by ingestion of contaminated animal tissues and inhalation of
contaminated airborne droplets

Answer 12

Plague

Question 13

Once plague is inside the human body, the bacteria multiply in the?

Answer 13

blood and lymph

Question 14

There are 2 forms of plague:
It results from the bite of infected flea

Answer 14

Bubonic plague

Question 15

There are 2 forms of plague:
It is associated with high fever and painful inflammatory swelling of the axilla and
groin

Answer 15

Bubonic plague

Question 16

There are 2 forms of plague:
It is acquired by close contact with infected individuals

Answer 16

Pulmonary plague

Question 17

There are 2 forms of plague:
It occurs secondarily to bubonic plague

Answer 17

Pulmonary plague

Question 18

It is the most commonly isolated species of Yersinia

Answer 18

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 19

It is the causative agent of enterocolitis or waterborne gastroenteritis

Answer 19

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 20

It is motile in SIM at 22C but not at 35C

Answer 20

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 21

It has been isolated from contaminated packed RBC units, and is thus considered as a blood
transfusion hazard

Answer 21

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 22

It has the ability to survive in cold temperatures

Answer 22

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 23

Its reservoirs are swines, dogs, cats, rabbits, and cows

Answer 23

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 24

Related infections: Appendicitis-like syndrome, arthritis, and erythema nodosum

Answer 24

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 25

Selective medium: Cefsulodin-irgasan-novobiocin (CIN) aga

Answer 25

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 26

Microscopy: Coccobacilli with bipolar bodies

Answer 26

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 27

CIN- Colonies exhibit a ―"bull‘s eye" appearance or dark red or burgundy centers with transparent borders at 48 hours of incubation

Answer 27

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 28

It is a pathogen of the rodents, particularly guinea pigs

Answer 28

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Question 29

It is motile in SIM at 18C to 25C but not at 35C

Answer 29

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Question 30

Its reservoirs are farm and domestic animals (usually birds)

Answer 30

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Question 31

It is the only oxidase-positive member of the Enterobacteriaceae

Answer 31

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 32

Its motility is attributed to its polar flagella

Answer 32

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 33

It has been associated with HIV-positive individuals with inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 33

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 34

It has been associated with HIV-positive individuals with inflammatory bowel disease

Answer 34

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 35

Mode of acquisition: Ingestion of undercooked seafood and contaminated water

Answer 35

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 36

Vibriostatic test: O/129: Sensitive

Answer 36

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 37

Microscopy: Straight bacilli which can occur singly, in pairs, in short chains, or filamentous

Answer 37

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 38

o Inositol-brilliant green-bile salt agar: Colonies exhibit white or green to pink color for other enterics

Answer 38

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 39

The use of?? enhances the recovery of plesiomonads from specimen

Answer 39

inositol-brilliant green bile agar

Question 40

Decarboxylase test: Positive trio decarboxylase test

Answer 40

Plesiomonas shigelloides

Question 41

The species of this genus have been isolated from cold-blooded and warm-blooded animals

Answer 41

Edwardsiella

Question 42

Species of Edwarsiella

Answer 42

Edwardsiella tarda

Question 43

stain that can be used to obseve the bipolar bodies of Y. pestis

Answer 43

Wayson stain

Question 44

Optimal temperature of growth of Serratia and Yersinia?

Answer 44

1 to 5 degrees celsius

Question 45

Optimal temperature of growth of Escherichia coli

Answer 45

40 degrees celsius

Question 46

Rapid lactose fermenters:

Answer 46

Enterobacter, Eschericihia coli, Klebsiella

Question 47

Late lactose fermenters:

Answer 47

Citrobacter freundii, Shigella sonnei, and Serratia

Question 48

Non-lactose fermenters:

Answer 48

Citrobacter koseri, Edwardsiella, Morganella, Proteus, Providencia, Slmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia

Question 49

It contains bile salt, bromthymol-blue dye, alicin, lactose, and sucrose The bile and dye inhibit the growth of other Gram-negative bacilli in the GIT and promote the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella

Answer 49

Hektoen enteric agar (HEA)

Question 50

pH indicator of hektoen enteric Agar

Answer 50

Bromthymol blue

Question 51

H2S indicator of Hektoen Enteric Agar

Answer 51

Ferric ammonium citrate

Question 52

Growth on HEA Lactose Fermenter?

Answer 52

colonies exhibit a yellow color

Question 53

Growth on HEA Non-lactose fermenter

Answer 53

colonies exhibit a blue-green color

Question 54

Growth on HEA Non-enteric pathogens

Answer 54

-Colonies exhibit an orange to pinkish orange color

Question 55

It is used for the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species from heavily contaminated specimens such as stool

Answer 55

Xylose-lysine deoxycholate (XLD) agar

Question 56

pH indicator of XLD agar

Answer 56

Phenol red

Question 57

H2S indicator of XLD agar

Answer 57

sodium thiosulfate and ferric ammonium sulfate

Question 58

Growth on XLD agar shigella?

Answer 58

colonies exhibit a pink to red color

Question 59

Growth on XLD agar salmonella?

Answer 59

colonies exhibit a pink to red color with black centers

Question 60

Growth on XLD agar other enterobacteriaciae?

Answer 60

Colonies exhibit a yellow to red color

Question 61

pH indicator of EMB?

Answer 61

eosin and methylene blue

Question 62

result of EMB Lactose fermenter?

Answer 62

Colonies of Escherichia coli exhibit a greenish metallic sheen while those of other exhibit purple color

Question 63

Result of EMB Other coliforms

Answer 63

colonies exhibit a pink color

Question 64

Salmonella-shigella agar contents that inhibits gram positive bacteria and some lactose fermenters that are found in stool specimens

Answer 64

Bile salts and Brilliant green dye

Question 65

pH indicator of SSA

Answer 65

Neutral red

Question 66

H2S indicator of SSA

Answer 66

Sodium thiosulfate and ferric ammonium citrate

Question 67

Salmonella serotypin

Answer 67

Heat Labile antigen Flagellar antigen H antigen

Question 68

Salmonella serotype typhi also produce what

Answer 68

Heat labile capsular polysaccharide V-antigen and carries the D serogroup

Question 69

E. coli serotype that are most frequently associated with infantile diarrhea

Answer 69

E.coli O55, O111, O127

Question 70

Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA) - Colonies are pink or colorless with black centers

Answer 70

Salmonella

Question 71

Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA)-Colonies are pink or colorless without black centers

Answer 71

shigella

Question 72

Salmonella-Shigella agar (SSA);H2S indicator

Answer 72

Sodium thiosulfate and ferric ammonium citrate