Gram-Positive Bacilli,Aerobic, Spore-forming, Catalase-Postive, Non-branching

Question 1

The species only form endospores aerobically

Answer 1

Bacillus

Question 2

The species are motile with peritrichous flagella except for

Answer 2

Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus mycoides

Question 3

The species can survive in extreme environmental conditions due to their endospores

Answer 3

Bacillus

Question 4

Microscopy: Large, boxcar-shaped, Gram-positive rods with clear, unstained, central spores or
―”empty spaces”

Answer 4

Bacillus

Question 5

The most clinicall significant species include:

Answer 5

B. anthracis, B.cereus, B. thuringiensis, and B.
mycoides

Question 6

Biochemical test: (+) Catalase; ferments glucose; hydrolyzes starch

Answer 6

Bacillus

Question 7

It is the causative agent of anthrax

Answer 7

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 8

It is not part of the indigenous human microbiota
 It can grow aerobically or anaerobically

Answer 8

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 9

It is not highly contagious

Answer 9

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 10

 It is non-motile and is considered as a halophilic organism that can withstand up to 7% NaCl

Answer 10

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 11

It can be used as a biological weapon of mass destruction, and therefore a vital concern in the
campaign against global terrorism

Answer 11

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 12

it grows in a low-pH (<6.0) environment, produces lecithinase, and ferments WHAT?

Answer 12

GLUCOSE- Bacillus anthracis

Question 13

Microscopy: Gram positive, large, encapsulated, and square-ended rod; has a ―”bamboo fishing
rod” appearance on the unstained central spore

Answer 13

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 14

BAP-Colonies have a ―”Medusa head” appearance with swirling projections; are non-hemolytic‘ and gain a ―be

Answer 14

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

Question 15

Growth factor of B. anthracis

Answer 15

Thiamine B1

Question 16

It gains a ―”string of pearls” appearance when penicillin, to which it is susceptible, is used

Answer 16

Bacillus anthracis

Question 17

It is a disease that primarily affects animals, such as goats and sheeps, by
feeding on plants that are contaminated with spores

Answer 17

Anthrax

Question 18

Microscopy: Gram positive, large, encapsulated, and square-ended rod; has a ―bamboo fishing
rod‖ appearance on the unstained central spore

Answer 18

B.anthrax

Question 19

Three forms of anthrax:
It is characterized by the appearance of a ―”black eschar” which is a black,
necrotic, and painless central area that does not produce pus

Answer 19

Cutaneous anthrax

Question 20

Three forms of anthrax:
It is acquired through skin cuts and abrasions
A small papule appears at the site of the spore inoculation two to five
days after exposure

Answer 20

Cutaneous anthrax

Question 21

Pulmonary Anthrax is also known as?

Answer 21

Woolsorter’s Disease

Question 22

It is acquired when spores are inhaled into the pulmonary parenchyma
It resembles an upper respiratoy tract infection
Signs and symtoms: Mild fever, fatigue, malaise, and dyspnea

Answer 22

Pulmonary anthrax

Question 23

Spores are inoculated into a lesion on the intestinal mucosa following
their ingestion
Signs and symptom: Abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, vomiting and
bloody diarrhea

Answer 23

Gastrointestinal anthrax

Question 24

is typically isolated from normally sterile sites such as blood, lung tissue, and CSF

Answer 24

B. anthracis

Question 25

Processing of samples for B. anthracis should be done in a biological safety cabinet with

Answer 25

biosafety level 3

Question 26

Spore stains of B. anthracis

Answer 26

Malachite green and McFadyean stain

Question 27

Capsule stain of b. antracis

Answer 27

India ink

Question 28

is recommended for identification of B. anthracis in fecal specimens

Answer 28

Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar

Question 29

are used in isolating Bacillus species from contaminated specimens

Answer 29

phenylethyl alcohol (PEA), polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate (PLET)

Question 30

is used to determine if the B. anthracis has produced lecithinase, in which case the medium will have an opaque zone

Answer 30

Egg yolk Agar

Question 31

What medium is utilized to observe the ―"inverted-pine-tree" of ?

Answer 31

Gelatin medium; Bacillus anthracis

Question 32

Diagnostic Test for Bacillus anthracis It detects thermostable anthrax antigens It uses rabbit antiserum to observe precipitin formation

Answer 32

. Ascoli test (precipitin test)

Question 33

Differentiates Bacillus species (catalase-positive) from Clostridium species (-)

Answer 33

Catalase Test

Question 34

Gives variable results

Answer 34

Oxidase Test

Question 35

Positive cell wall polysaccharide and capsule antigen

Answer 35

Direct fluorescent antibody test

Question 36

"Fried rice' bacillus

Answer 36

Bacillus cereus

Question 37

It causes food poisoning due to the ingestion of contaminated cooked rice dishes (typical source) or other food products

Answer 37

Bacillus cereus

Question 38

It is the most commonly encountered Bacillus species in opportunistic infections that causes eye and ear infections It exhibits motility and resistance to penicillin

Answer 38

Bacillus cereus

Question 39

: BAP-colonies are large and feathery; have a spreading growth; have a ―"frosted-glass" appearance; and are Beta hemolytic

Answer 39

Bacillus cereus

Question 40

Best specimen for testing Bacillus cereus

Answer 40

Suspected food (greater than or equal 10^5 cells/gram)

Question 41

2 types of food poisoning or gastroenteritis: It is associated with the ingestion of contaminated meat, poultry, and vegetables  Incubation period: 8 to 16 hours  Symptoms: Abdominal pain and watery diarrhea without fever  (+) Production of heat-labile enterotoxin

Answer 41

Diarrheal type

Question 42

Emetic Type food poisoning is caused by?

Answer 42

Bacillus cereus Type 1

Question 43

2 types of food poisoning or gastroenteritis: It is associated with the ingestion of improperly stored cooked rice.  It is caused by B. cereus type 1  Incubation period: One to 6 hours Symptoms: Abdominal cramps and profuse vomiting  (+) Production of heat-stable enterotoxin

Answer 43

Emetic type

Question 44

It is the most commonly encountered laboratory contaminant

Answer 44

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

Question 45

It is a halophilic organism that can tolerate up to 7% NaCl

Answer 45

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

Question 46

It is the source of the bacitracin antibiotic

Answer 46

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

Question 47

It can cause an eye infection among prohibited drug users

Answer 47

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

Question 48

: BAP-colonies are larhe. Flat and dull with a "ground glass appearance"; may be Bhemolytic; and may exhibit pigment atoms

Answer 48

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

Question 49

Biochemical test: Ferments mannitol, xylose, and arabinose

Answer 49

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

Question 50

It is used as a biological indicator in sterilization methods

Answer 50

Bacillus pumilus

Question 51

Culture; BAP-Colonies are large and moist; have a "blister-like appearance" and can be Beta hemolytic

Answer 51

Bacillus pumilus

Question 52

It is an insect pathogen

Answer 52

Bacillus thuringiensis

Question 53

 It produces parasporal crystals that can be utilized as a pesticide

Answer 53

Bacillus thuringiensis