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Flashcards in Hank, Egypt Deck (38)
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1
Q

Cataracts

A

Wild rapids that were also a protective barrier to the south.

2
Q

Irrigation

A

Bringing water to a field from another place to water crops.

3
Q

Papyrus

A

A reed plant with many uses like making paper, baskets or sandals.

4
Q

Civilization

A

A complex society with a writing system, religion, organized government, social classes, cities and art.

5
Q

The Great Pyramid

A

Largest pyramid, built for King Khufu.

6
Q

Mummy

A

A body that has been embalmed and wrapped in linen.

7
Q

Delta

A

The mouth of a river with fertile soil.

8
Q

Shadoof

A

A bucket attached to a pole, to lift water out of the Nile.

9
Q

Hieroglyphics

A

Egyptian system of writing made up of hundreds of picture symbols.

10
Q

Pharaoh

A

King in Egypt

11
Q

Pyramid

A

Stone structures that serve as tombs to protect the pharaoh’s body for the afterlife.

12
Q

Deities

A

Gods and goddesses

13
Q

Isis

A

Most important Egyptian goddess.

Represented the loyal wife and mother.

14
Q

Osiris

A

Egyptian god, ruled over the dead with Isis.

15
Q

Nile River

A

World’s longest river. Located in Africa.

Gave water for drinking, farming, transportation, cleaning.

16
Q

Kemet

A

What the Egyptians called their land.

Means, “the Black Land,” due to the dark mud.

17
Q

Class Divisions - definition of

A

Society was divided into social groups based on wealth and power.

18
Q

Dynasty

A

A line of rulers from the same family.

19
Q

Embalming

A

A process used to protect and preserve pharaoh’s body.

20
Q

Re

A

Egyptian moon and sun god.

21
Q

Hapi

A

Egyptian God who ruled the Nile.

22
Q

Narmer/Menes

Who? Strengths/Weaknesses

A

He united upper and lower Egypt and began the first dynasty.

Good military leader

23
Q

Thutmose III

Who? Strengths/Weaknesses

A

Expanded Egypt’s border and controlled more territory than it ever had. Egypt grew rich from trade.

Aggressive wars. Enslaved people.

24
Q

Ramses II

Who? Strengths/Weaknesses

A

Regained land that was lost. Ambitious building program during the golden age.

Strong military

25
Q

Ahmose

Who? Strengths/Weaknesses

A

Led an uprising that drove the Thyskos out of Egypt.

Strong military, but only focused on war.

26
Q

Akhenaton

Who? Strengths/Weaknesses

A

Introduced a new religion. Egypt lost land during his reign.

  1. People resisted the changes he made.
  2. Lost land.
  3. Appointed people without much experience.
27
Q

Hatshepsut

Who? Strengths/Weaknesses

A

Brought wealth to Egypt through trade. Built monuments.

More interested in trade than conquest.

28
Q

Tutankhamen

Who? Strengths/ Weaknesses

A

Had powerful advisors who restored Egypt’s religion.

Relied heavily on advisors, because he was very young.

29
Q

Writing Systems:

  1. What was the writing system?
  2. How did writing systems help Egypt to survive and thrive?

Characteristics of Civilization

A
  1. The writing system of Egypt was called hieroglyphics.

2. The writing system helped Egypt to keep records, communicate and pass on stories.

30
Q

Organized government:
1. Why do civilizations need government to help them survive and thrive?

Characteristics of Civilization

A

Civilizations need government to keep order and structure.

31
Q

Religion: 3 things

  1. polytheistic or monotheistic?
  2. Main idea?
  3. Why mummify and build tombs/pyramids?

Characteristics of government

A
  1. Polytheistic (many gods)
  2. The main idea of life after death drove all of Egypt’s religious rituals.
  3. Egyptians mummified bodies, built complex tombs and pyramids to protect pharaoh’s bodies for the after life.
32
Q

Class divisions

  1. How did people’s lives differ between social classes?
A

Upper class had larger homes and dressed in finer clothes. They had servants.

Lower class lived in one-room huts and led a simpler lifestyle.

33
Q

Organized government:
2. Why did the people of Egypt follow their leader unconditionally and totally?

Characteristics of civilization

A

Egyptians followed their leaders unconditionally because they believed that they needed a strong leader and that pharaoh was the son of Re.

34
Q

Organized government:

3. Generally speaking, who was in charge of the government of Egypt and how was this leader chosen?

A

Pharaoh was in charge. He was chosen because he was part of a dynasty.

35
Q

Class divisions

  1. How did the social classes impact Egyptian society?
A

Provided some organization with the jobs that needed to get done?

Large differences in the lives of the upper class compared to the lower class.

36
Q

Organize classes from top to bottom:
Scribes, pharaoh, farmers, scribes, priests, unskilled workers, nobleman, artisans, merchants

Hint 1 at top, then 2 groups, then 3 groups, then a big group, then the biggest group.

A
Pharaoh 
Priests and Nobleman
Artisans, Scribes and Merchants
Farmers
Unskilled Workers
37
Q

Flooding

A

More predictable than Tigris and Euphrates. Provided rich fertile soil for crops.

38
Q

4 natural barriers for Egypt

A

North - delta
South - cataracts
East - Sahara desert
West - desert