I - Cell Biology Flashcards by Grazielle Verzosa

Command center of the cell

nucleus

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The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with

endoplasmic reticulum

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Most abundant form of chromatin

euchromatin

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Site of DNA Transcription

nucleus

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Responsible for ribosomal RNA synthesis

nucleolus

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Transcriptionally inactive chromatin

heterochromatin

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Complex of DNA, histone and non-histone proteins

chromatin

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Barr Bodies are _____chromatin.

heterochromatin

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Allows passage of nuclear substances to the cytoplasm

nuclear pore

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Nucleolus: Maturing Ribosomes

pars granulosa

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Nucleolus: Active Zone

pars fibrosa (dense fibrillar zone)

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Nucleolus: Inactive DNA

fibrillar center

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The nucleus is the site of DNA replication and transcription of DNA in

precursors of RNA molecules

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Contains all enzymes required for replication and repair of newly synthesized DNA

Nucleus

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Double stranded helical molecule that carries genetic information of the cell

DNA

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Histone proteins are _____ charged.

positive

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Important in forming the nucleosome and solenoid fibers in chromatin

histones

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Basic repeating unit of the chromatin fiber

nucleosome

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Non-histone proteins contain enzymes involved in

nuclear functions

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Chromatin: condensed, dark, inactive, Barr bodies

heterochromatin

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Chromatin: dispersed, light, actively transcribed

euchromatin

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Organelles: contains their own set of DNA

mitochondria

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Site of post-translational modification

golgi apparatus

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Sequestration and release of Ca in striated muscle

sarcoplasmic reticulum

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Organelles: contains large and small subunits

ribosomes

Organelles: synthesis of steroid hormones, phospholipids and TG

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: protein sorting and packaging

golgi apparatus

Organelles: synthesis of secretory proteins, membrane bound and lysosomal enzymes

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: production of CoA, TCA, beta-oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation

mitochondria

Organelles: contains inner and outer membranes

mitochondria

Organelles: ATP synthesis

mitchondria

Organelles: ER without ribosomes

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: synthesis of membrane phospholipids

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: synthesis of steroid hormones

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: drug detoxification

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: fatty acid elongation

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: calcium fluxes associated with muscle contraction

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: contains ribosomes on its cytoplasmic surface

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: Synthesis of secretory proteins, membrane proteins and lysosomal enzymes

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: co-translational modification of proteins

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Organelles: stacks of membranous cisternae with cis and trans face

golgi apparatus

Organelles: post-translational modification

golgi apparatus

Organelles: protein sorting and packaging

golgi apparatus

Organelles: non-membrane bound vesicles where mRNA is translated into an AA sequence

free ribosomes

Organelles: site of cytosolic and organellar protein synthesis

free ribosomes

Mitochondrial genome defect with muscle weakness/pain, seizures, hemiparesis, dementia

MELAS - Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis & Stroke-like symptoms

Organelles: drug detoxification

SER

Organelles: abundant in ovaries, testes and adrenals

SER

Organelles: abundant in neurons

RER

Organelles: abundant in pancreas and thyroid

RER

Organelles: abundant in red muscle fibers

mitochondria

Organelles: synthesis of secretory proteins, membrane proteins and lysosomal enzymes

RER

Organelles: membrane cycling

golgi apparatus

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: cell garbage and disposal system

lysosome

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: contains oxidative enzyme, synthesis of hydrogen peroxide

peroxisome

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: contains hydrolytic enzymes

lysosome

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: beta-oxidation of long-chain FA

peroxisome

Suicide Bags

lysosome

Major Enzyme in Peroxisomes

catalase

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: bile acid synthesis

peroxisome

Major Protein in Lysosome

acid hydrolase

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: enzymes produced in free ribosomes

peroxisome

Membrane-Bound Vesicles: enzymes produced in RER

lysosome

Glycogen storage disease involving a defect in lysosomal metabolism, acid maltase deficiency, muscle weakness, cardiorespiratory failure

Pompe Disease

Cytoskeleton: actin

microfilament

Cytoskeleton: mechanical support for cells

microfilament

Cytoskeleton: muscle contraction

microfilament (with myosin)

Cytoskeleton: exocytosis, endocytosis, cytokinesis, structural proteins

microfilament

Cytoskeleton: microvilli

microfilament

Cytoskeleton: tumor markers

intermediate filament

Cytoskeleton: link between the extracellular matrix, cytoplasm and nucleus

intermediate filament

Cytoskeleton: α & β tubulin

microtubule

Cytoskeleton: intracellular vesicle and organelle transport

microtubule

Cytoskeleton: mitosis and meiosis (centrioles)

microtubule

Cytoskeleton: ciliary and flagellar movement

microtubule

Cytoskeleton: demonstrates tissue specificity, pathologic markers

intermediate filament

Cytoskeleton: thinnest

microfilament

Cytoskeleton: inhibited by Amanita mushroom toxin

microfilament

Cytoskeleton: Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

microtubule

Intermediate Filament Tumor Markers: epithelial cells (squamous cell CA, adenoCA)

cytokeratin

Intermediate Filament Tumor Markers: endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, fibroblast, chondroblast

vimentin

Intermediate Filament Tumor Markers: skeletal and smooth muscle

desmin

Intermediate Filament Tumor Markers: neurons

neurofilament

Intermediate Filament Tumor Markers: glial cells

glial fibrillar acidic protein

Intermediate Filament Tumor Markers: inner membrane of nuclear envelope

laminins A, B & C

Microtubule-Associated Proteins: ATPase activity for the movement of vesicles towards te axon terminal, anterograde transport

kinesin

Microtubule-Associated Proteins: ATPase activity toward the minus end (cell body)

dynein

Microtubule-Associated Proteins: ATPase activity for elongation of nerve axons

dynamin

Drug that acts on microtubules of fungal cells

Griseofulvin

Anti-inflammatory drug that acts on microtubules

Colchicine

Anti-cancer drugs that act on microtubules

Vinblastine, Vincristine, Taxanes

Microtubule polymerization defect, decreased ability for phagocytosis, recurrent pyogenic infections, partial albinism, peripheral neuropathy

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

I - Cell Biology Flashcards

(92 cards)